programa

S5.1 B: Dinámicas de retorno y remigración de los migrantes
latinoamericanos en Europa
Hora: Miércoles, 29/06/2016: 17:15 - 19:15 · Lugar: FACULTAD DE GEOGRAFÍA E HISTORIA. AULA 35
Presidente de la sesión: Amparo González Ferrer, CSIC
Presidente de la sesión: Marcela Cerrutti, Centro de Estudios de Población
The New Era of Mexico-U.S. migration: The post 2006 Experience and the Collapse of
Undocumented Migration
René Martín Zenteno Quintero
University of Texas at San Antonio, Estados Unidos; rene.zenteno@utsa.edu
Ten years ago Mexico-U.S. migration entered a new era. In 2006 the number of migrants coming north started
to decline as the construction industry went into a swoon. A few years later net migration hit the zero point. An
enforcement campaign that produced more than 2 million removals also contributed, as did conditions in
Mexico. The result is a decade of reduced northbound flows, reduced circularity, and an increase of return
migration to Mexico. The work of understanding the causes let alone the effects has just begun. This paper
develops a composite picture of this distinctive new chapter using multiple sources of available information in
combination with unpublished data from the Border Survey of Mexican Migrants. It also reviews findings from
prior studies that have examined the causes of this transformation as well as its impacts in both countries.
Finally, we identify key issues and highlight future research directions.
The changing nature of return migration to Mexico, 1990-2010: Implications for labor market
incorporation and development
Emilio Alberto Parrado, Edith Gutierrez
University of Pennsylvania, Estados Unidos; eparrado@sas.upenn.edu
In this paper we investigate changes in the labor market incorporation of return migrants from the United States
to Mexico between 1990 and 2010. We argue that changing period conditions, particularly the 2007 economic
recession and enhanced immigration enforcement policies, have altered both the volume and nature of return
flows affecting the migration-development connection. We show that the less-voluntary nature of return
migration in the early 21st century has resulted in higher employment propensities, lower entrepreneurial
activities, and deteriorated wages among return migrants. However, it is important to consider the growing
heterogeneity of the return migrant flow; the negative labor market outcomes are largely confined to wage
earners, while the smaller flow of entrepreneurial returnees continues to experience positive employment and
earnings profiles. We derive implications for employment conditions in Mexico and for the literature connecting
migration to development in sending areas.
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Who’s in, who’s out? Return Migration in Times of Crisis
Anda David, Ramon Mahia, Rafael De Arce
Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, España; ramon.mahia@uam.es
In this article we address the issue of return intentions and their realization in a context of crisis. Using a novel
survey on both current and return migrants in Spain and Ecuador, we capture the role played by the recent
economic crisis in shaping the intentions and perception of the return. The specific context of Ecuadorian
migration to Spain, sharp increase in the stock followed by a slowdown and a significant drop in just 15 years,
allows a quasi-experimental analysis of migration dynamics of a single generation of immigrants. We stress the
role played by family factors and legal status not only in the return decision-making process but also in the
return intentions expressed by current migrants. Using a binary choice model, we show that the migrants who
returned were less affected by the economic crisis.
¿Iguales en distintos lugares? El acceso al empleo de los uruguayos retornados y emigrados en
España
Victoria Prieto Rosas
Universidad de la República, Uruguay; vicprieto@gmail.com
Este artículo analiza la incidencia de los contextos de acogida en el acceso al empleo de emigrados y
retornados uruguayos. Se discute si la aparente ventaja del retorno, desde un contexto de alto desempleo a
uno con pleno empleo, se distribuye de forma homogénea según sexo, educación y duración de la migración.
La coincidencia cronológica de los censos de población de ambos países permite estimar la probabilidad de
empleo mediante la inclusión del país de residencia como control y término de interacción con características
individuales en la estimación de modelos logísticos binomiales y multinomiales. Estos últimos se estiman solo
para los ocupados y atienden a la probabilidad de estar ocupado en empleos de cualificación baja, media y
alta. Los resultados muestran que para las mujeres la condición de retornada no reporta las mismas ventajas
que para los varones y esta desventaja se corrobora en los tres tipos de ocupación analizados.
PROGRAMA
PROGRAMA OFICIAL DEL VIII CONGRESO DEL CONSEJO EUROPEO DE INVESTIGACIONES SOBRE AMÉRICA LATINA (CEISAL)
UNIVERSIDAD DE SALAMANCA, JUNIO-JULIO DE 2016