Desire for Greener Land

More documents

Recommendations

Info

Reduce R ed tillagge of almond a ds and olives Spain – Labranzza reducida dee almendros y olivos o (Spanishh) Reduced R tillage of almondss and olives to t improve physical and chemical c soil properties and reduce runofff and soil eros sion. Reduced R tillagee of almond aand olive orch hards is used to decrease fuel use and em mission of greenhouse gasees and maintain n a higher surf rface cover by weeds during winter w time in orrder to protect tthe soil from er rosion. Above left: aalmond plantation with reduceed tillage regimee (Photo: Joris de Vente) Above right: : ploughing of a field with reduced tillage just beefore summer starts s (Photo: Joris de Vente) Under U reducedd tillage, the fields are plo oughed twice a year: onc ce in autumn (N November) andd once in late sping (June), whereas undeer conventiona al tillage fields ar re ploughed 33-5 times per year. The aim m of reduced ttillage is to maintain m better su urface cover dduring winter mmonths to redu uce runoff andd soil erosion. After several ye ears this will reesult in a higheer soil organic matter contentt, a better soil structure, and a higher soil waater infiltration ccapacity. The soil s cover by wweeds reduces the sensitivity of f the soil to suurface crustingg and reduces surface runofff and soil ero osion by up to 60 0%. Workload and energy uuse with reduc ced tillage is uup to 50% lower than under co onventional aggriculture. The increased farm income prevvents land abandonment of marginal m lands with low produuctivities under r conventional farming. Redu uced tillage of Location: Muurcia al lmonds does nnot require special establishm ment activities oor investments in specialized Region: Guaadalentín catch hment eq quipment. Technology area: 10 - 100 0 km2 Conservatioon measure: ag gronomic Reduced R tillage can easily be combined with h green manurre and ecologic cal agriculture Stage of inteervention: prevention of landd as s is described in QT SPA05: ecological production of almonds and olive es using green degradation, mitigation / red duction of land manure. m Soils have mostly a sshallow to medi ium depth (betwween 20-60 cm m), and slopes degradation ar re gentle to mmoderate betweeen 5 and 15% %. The climatte is semi-arid with a mean Origin: exterrnally - recent (
Class sification Land use problemss: Lack of wateer for irrigation of crops limiting the crop types that can be planted as wwell as the crop p yield of drylaand farmin ng. A lack of wwater availabilitty seriously lim mits the producction potential of the soil and d results in a llow vegetation n/crop cover. TThe relatively high soil erosion rates caause various off-site o related problems (i.e. flooding, reser rvoir siltation) aand on-site pro oblems (i.e. guully format tion and reduceed soil depth). Land use tree and d shrub cropping g (rainfed) ) Stage of interventioon Main causes c of landd degradationn: Direct causes - humaan induced: sooil management, crop manageement (annual, , perennial, tree e/shrub) Indirec ct causes: educcation, access to knowledge and support seervices Main technical t funcctions: - impro ovement of groound cover - contr rol of dispersedd runoff: retain / trap - contr rol of dispersedd runoff: impedde / retard - contr rol of concentraated runoff: rettain / trap Envir ronment Natural Environmennt Avera age annual rainfall (mm) Altiitude (m a.s.l.) ) Soil depth d (cm) 0-20 20-50 50-80 80-120 >120 agroforrestry Prevention Mitigation / RReduction Rehabilitatioon > 4000 3000-4000 2000-3000 1500-2000 1000-1500 750-1000 500-750 250-500 < 250 Climate semi-arid, subtropics Origin Degraadation soil erossion by water: offsite degradaation effects La and user's initiaative: 10-50 ye ears ago Experiments / reesearch: 10-50 0 years ago Externally introdduced: < 10 yea ars ago > 40000 3000-40000 2500-30000 2000-25500 1500-20000 1000-15500 500-10000 100-5500
Page 1 and 2:
Desire for Greener Land Options for
Page 3 and 4:
DESIRE - WOCAT Desire for Greener L
Page 5 and 6:
Co-published by University of Bern,
Page 7 and 8:
Cross-slope barriers Progressive be
Page 9 and 10:
The present DESIRE publication desc
Page 11 and 12:
Contributing authors and DESIRE con
Page 13 and 14:
Desire for Greener Land - Options f
Page 15 and 16:
XIV DESIRE - WOCAT Desire for Green
Page 17 and 18:
Figure 1: Desertification vulnerabi
Page 19 and 20:
In DESIRE, WOCAT methods and tools
Page 21 and 22:
Part 1
Page 23 and 24:
8 DESIRE - WOCAT Desire for Greener
Page 25 and 26:
Figure 1: Methodological framework
Page 27 and 28:
to Russia and China (see Table 1).
Page 29 and 30:
DRI = 5.4 Very high desertification
Page 31 and 32:
Table 2 provides a more detailed de
Page 33 and 34:
decision. This leads to solutions b
Page 35 and 36:
Aims and objectives This penultimat
Page 37 and 38:
Figure 7: The DESIRE Project has fo
Page 39 and 40:
References: n EEA-European Environm
Page 41 and 42:
Area (x1000 Ha) Major land use type
Page 43 and 44:
Major land degradation types per st
Page 45 and 46:
Rate of degradation per study site
Page 47 and 48:
Production services were affected o
Page 49 and 50:
% of area under conservation measur
Page 51 and 52:
Figure 16: Effectiveness of conserv
Page 53 and 54: Conservation impact on ecosystem se
Page 55 and 56: Analysis of SLM technologies Introd
Page 57 and 58: Table 2: WOCAT categories of SLM me
Page 59 and 60: Origin of technology SLM technologi
Page 61 and 62: Table 3: Sensitivity of and toleran
Page 63 and 64: No. of case studies Land Ownership
Page 65 and 66: No. of case studies Increased farm
Page 67 and 68: No. of case studies Improved harves
Page 69 and 70: No. of case studies Increased plant
Page 71 and 72: No. of case studies No. of case stu
Page 73 and 74: Analysis of SLM approaches Introduc
Page 75 and 76: system is focused on control rather
Page 77 and 78: References: n Alkemade, J. R. M., v
Page 79 and 80: actually implemented in the field.
Page 81 and 82: Concerning SLM, the most widely app
Page 83 and 84: Part 2 DESIRE - WOCAT Desire for Gr
Page 85 and 86: Desire for Greener Land Mexico Land
Page 87 and 88: 2.1 SLM case studies Case studies -
Page 89 and 90: Case studies - titles and short des
Page 91 and 92: 76 DESIRE - WOCAT Desire for Greene
Page 93 and 94: Classification Land use problems: T
Page 95 and 96: Assessment Impacts of the Technolog
Page 97 and 98: Class sification Land d use problem
Page 103: Assessment Impacts of the Technolog
Page 109 and 110: Classification Land use problems: I
Page 113 and 114: Classification Land use problems: D
Page 121 and 122: Classification Land use problems: I
Page 125 and 126: Classification Land use problems: L
Page 129 and 130: Classification Land use problems: s
Page 137 and 138: Class sification Land use problemss
Page 141 and 142: Classification Land use problems: R
Page 149 and 150: Classification Land use problems: S
Page 153 and 154: Classification Land use problems: W
Page 155 and 156:
Assessment Impacts of the Technolog
Page 157 and 158:
Classification Land use problems: O
Page 159 and 160:
Page 161 and 162:
Classification Land use problems: T
Page 163 and 164:
Page 165 and 166:
Class sification Land use problemss
Page 167 and 168:
Page 169 and 170:
Classification Land use problems: I
Page 171 and 172:
Page 173 and 174:
Classification Land use problems: L
Page 175 and 176:
Page 177 and 178:
Page 179 and 180:
Page 181 and 182:
Classification Land use problems: D
Page 183 and 184:
Page 185 and 186:
Classification Land use problems: l
Page 187 and 188:
Page 189 and 190:
Page 191 and 192:
Page 193 and 194:
Classification Land use problems: S
Page 195 and 196:
Page 197 and 198:
Page 199 and 200:
Page 201 and 202:
Page 203 and 204:
Page 205 and 206:
Page 207 and 208:
Page 209 and 210:
Page 211 and 212:
Page 213 and 214:
Problem, objectives and constraints
Page 215 and 216:
Impacts of the Approach Improved su
Page 217 and 218:
Page 219 and 220:
Page 221 and 222:
Page 223 and 224:
Input: - Equipment (machinery, tool
Page 225 and 226:
Page 227 and 228:
Page 229 and 230:
Page 231 and 232:
Page 233 and 234:
Problems, objectives, and constrain
Page 235 and 236:
Page 237 and 238:
Page 239 and 240:
Page 241 and 242:
Page 243 and 244:
Page 245 and 246:
Desire for Greener Land Opopejo Qui
Page 247 and 248:
2.2 Mapping case studies This secti
Page 249 and 250:
Land recommendation Land conservati
Page 251 and 252:
Portugal - Maçao The Maçao area h
Page 253 and 254:
Italy - Rendina The Rendina area ex
Page 255 and 256:
Greece - Nestos This area has chemi
Page 257 and 258:
Turkey - Eskişehir The Eskeheşir
Page 259 and 260:
Tunisia - Koutine The Koutine area
Page 261 and 262:
Russia - Novy Land use in the Novy
Page 263 and 264:
Botswana - Boteti The main land use
Page 265 and 266:
Chile - Cauquenes The Cauquenes are
Page 267 and 268:
252 DESIRE - WOCAT Desire for Green
Page 269 and 270:
Status of land degradation, sustain
Page 271 and 272:
Examples of potential SLM technolog
Page 273 and 274:
IV Up-scaling SLM strategies Actual
Page 275 and 276:
Case study of the DESIRE methodolog
Page 277 and 278:
II Identifying, evaluating and sele
Page 279 and 280:
The results showed that the best op
Page 281 and 282:
IV Up-scaling SLM strategies Some r
Page 283 and 284:
Page 285 and 286:
Explanation pages of case studies:
Page 287 and 288:
Cropland (or grazing land, mixed la
Page 289 and 290:
Explanation pages of case studies:
Page 291 and 292:
Here appears an organogram - if ava
Page 293 and 294:
Pictograms SLM technology Land use
Page 295 and 296:
Page 297 and 298:
Logos of partners 282 DESIRE - WOCA
show all

Desire for Greener Land

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?