Desire for Greener Land

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Human Environment Mixed land per household (ha) 10,000 Land user: implemented by government official on private land of small-scale forest owners Population density: 10-50 persons/km 2 Annual population growth: negative Land ownership: individual, not titled Land use rights: individual Water use rights: open access (unorganised) (Individual, not titled) Relative level of wealth: mainly average (50% of land users), some poor (50% of land users) Importance of off-farm income: > 50% of all income Access to service and infrastructure: low: employment; moderate: education, technical assistance, telecommunications; high: health, market, energy, roads & transport, drinking water and sanitation, financial services Market orientation: mixed (subsistence and commercial) Technical drawing This technical drawing indicates the technical specifications, dimensions and spacing for the Primary Strip Network System for Fuel Management (J. Soares). The figure shows a road as the axis of the RPFGC, but it can also be a river or a ridge, amongst other breaks in the forest cover. Implementation activities, inputs and costs Establishment activities 1. Primary system design 2. Shrubs cleaning + Thinning (reduction of fuel load) + Pruning 3. Removing the cut waste material 4. Litter Shredding 5. Transport to the Biomass Plant Maintenance/recurrent activities Establishment inputs and costs per ha Inputs Costs (US$) % met by land user Labour 1076 0 Equipment - machine use - transport 568 100 TOTAL 1744 0 Maintenance/recurrent inputs and costs per ha per year 1. Not known yet Inputs Costs (US$) % met by land user Labour TOTAL Remarks: The costs include the activities to ensure the vertical and horizontal discontinuity of the fuel load and also the activities needed to manage the waste produced from the shrubs cleaning and thinning. The costs calculation was made for the implementation of the first section of the RPFGC. The implementation phase lasted for 2 or 3 months during the dry season. This section included 28 ha and 4 teams of forest sappers were involved. The local wage rate is 19 US$/day. SLM Technology: Primary strip network system for fuel management, Portugal 0 0 187
Assessment Impacts of the Technology Production and socio-economic benefits Production and socio-economic disadvantages reduced risk towards adverse events (droughts, floods and storms) increased fodder production increased fodder quality increased animal production increased energy production: biomass costs of implementation reduced wood production increased maintenance costs Socio-cultural benefits Socio-cultural disadvantages community institution strengthening national institution strengthening improved cultural opportunities improved SWC/ erosion knowledge Ecological benefits Ecological disadvantages reduced hazard towards adverse events reduced fire risk improved soil cover (outside strips) Off-site benefits Off-site disadvantages reduced damage on public / private infrastructure reduced damage on neighbours fields Contribution to human well-being/livelihoods reduced risk of wildfire Benefits/costs according to land user socio cultural conflicts (due to affected private land) decreased soil cover (in strips) increased surface water runoff decreased soil organic matter increased soil erosion locally increased habitat fragmentation Benefits compared with costs short-term: long-term: Establishment neutral / balanced positive Maintenance/recurrent neutral / balanced positive The maintenance will only start 2 or 3 years after the technology implementation, so no returns are expected at short-term. Acceptance/adoption: A positive trend towards spontaneous adoption of the technology is expected. After the implementation period there was a high local acceptance of the technology. It is also expected that grazing activities contribute to the technology maintenance Concluding statements Strengths and how to sustain/improve Weaknesses and how to overcome Fuel load reduction This will be achieved using prescribed fire and specialised machinery. The efficacy of prescribed fire depends on the collaboration of technicians and forest sapper teams. To guarantee the effectiveness of RPFGC implementation, long-term maintenance has to be ensured. Reinforcement of the forest path system Clearing the strips of the RPFGC can enhance the forest track network. Forest fire prevention and fighting The know-how of the local stakeholders and communities will contribute to the design of the RPFGC . This information should be integrated into the Municipal Plans to Prevent and Protect Forest Against Fires (PMDFCI). Any further information should be provided to the Civil Protection Agencies and to the Forest Technical Office and also to the local fire-brigade team. Increase in landscape resilience This will only be effective if the RPFGC is continuous and without gaps. The acceptance of the RPFGC by the landowners is fundamental to widespread the use of this technology. Information and awareness about the need to change vegetation cover is also very important, in order to avoid extensive areas of monoculture. Soil erosion increase Forestry good practices should be used in the RPFGC implementation, especially concerning the use of machinery and avoiding disturbance of soil at depth. Soil cover after the removal of the existing vegetation should be promoted (by seeding, mulching or creating a low intensity pasture). Soil cover reduction Soil cover after the removal of the existing vegetation should be promoted (by seeding, mulching or creating a low intensity pasture). Runoff increase Soil cover after the removal of the existing vegetation should be promoted (by seeding, mulching or creating a low intensity pasture). Excessive vegetation removal should be avoid, especially near water courses where the removal should be nil or minimum. Budget for implementation and maintenance European and national funds. Collaboration of the local government providing equipment and labour force. Information and awareness to the landowners about the importance of this technology. Campaigns of national awareness and definition of this technology as ‘public use’ to overcome some potential social conflicts concerning the land rights. Key reference(s): Decree-Law n. 124/2006, 28 June. Official Gazette n. 123 – I series: 4586-4599; Decree-Law n. 17/2009, 14 January. Official Gazette n. 9 – I series: 273-295. Contact person(s): Coelho Celeste, Soares João and Valente Sandra, Department of Enviornment and Planning, Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, University of Aveiro, 3810 - 193 Aveiro, Portugal. coelho@ua.pt, Sandra.valente@ua.pt 188 DESIRE – WOCAT Desire for Greener Land
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Desire for Greener Land Options for
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DESIRE - WOCAT Desire for Greener L
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Co-published by University of Bern,
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Cross-slope barriers Progressive be
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The present DESIRE publication desc
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Contributing authors and DESIRE con
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Desire for Greener Land - Options f
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XIV DESIRE - WOCAT Desire for Green
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Figure 1: Desertification vulnerabi
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In DESIRE, WOCAT methods and tools
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Part 1
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8 DESIRE - WOCAT Desire for Greener
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Figure 1: Methodological framework
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to Russia and China (see Table 1).
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DRI = 5.4 Very high desertification
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Table 2 provides a more detailed de
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decision. This leads to solutions b
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Aims and objectives This penultimat
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Figure 7: The DESIRE Project has fo
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References: n EEA-European Environm
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Area (x1000 Ha) Major land use type
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Major land degradation types per st
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Rate of degradation per study site
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Production services were affected o
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% of area under conservation measur
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Figure 16: Effectiveness of conserv
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Conservation impact on ecosystem se
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Analysis of SLM technologies Introd
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Table 2: WOCAT categories of SLM me
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Origin of technology SLM technologi
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Table 3: Sensitivity of and toleran
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No. of case studies Land Ownership
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No. of case studies Increased farm
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No. of case studies Improved harves
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No. of case studies Increased plant
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No. of case studies No. of case stu
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Analysis of SLM approaches Introduc
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system is focused on control rather
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References: n Alkemade, J. R. M., v
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actually implemented in the field.
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Concerning SLM, the most widely app
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Part 2 DESIRE - WOCAT Desire for Gr
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Desire for Greener Land Mexico Land
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2.1 SLM case studies Case studies -
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Case studies - titles and short des
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76 DESIRE - WOCAT Desire for Greene
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Classification Land use problems: T
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Assessment Impacts of the Technolog
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Class sification Land d use problem
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Class sification Land use problemss
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Classification Land use problems: I
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Classification Land use problems: D
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Classification Land use problems: I
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Classification Land use problems: L
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Classification Land use problems: s
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Class sification Land use problemss
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Classification Land use problems: R
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Classification Land use problems: S
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Page 251 and 252: Portugal - Maçao The Maçao area h
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Italy - Rendina The Rendina area ex
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Greece - Nestos This area has chemi
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Turkey - Eskişehir The Eskeheşir
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Tunisia - Koutine The Koutine area
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Russia - Novy Land use in the Novy
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Botswana - Boteti The main land use
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Chile - Cauquenes The Cauquenes are
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Status of land degradation, sustain
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Examples of potential SLM technolog
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IV Up-scaling SLM strategies Actual
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Case study of the DESIRE methodolog
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II Identifying, evaluating and sele
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The results showed that the best op
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IV Up-scaling SLM strategies Some r
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Explanation pages of case studies:
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Cropland (or grazing land, mixed la
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Explanation pages of case studies:
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Here appears an organogram - if ava
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Pictograms SLM technology Land use
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Logos of partners 282 DESIRE - WOCA
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Desire for Greener Land

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