Desire for Greener Land

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Technical support Organogram To be fit for purpose, since 2007 the RDPs are designed at the regional level using advice from scientific institutes. The boundary conditions regarding the overall environmental and economic objectives and available finances are received from the European and national level. The regional extension services have a role in the dissemination of information and control of correct implementation of measures by farmers. Training / awareness raising: Training provided for field staff/agricultural advisor. Training was on-the-job through site visits and farmer to farmer. Training focused on technical assistance for implementation of technologies by technicians of farmers’ organisations and from the extension services. Advisory service: Name: agricultural extension services (Oficina Comarcal Agraria, OCA) Key elements: 1. Control 2. advice Currently, the extension system is strongly focused on control rather than advice and training activities. There is more information and awareness building required for land users. Information is often only available at political/research level and to some extent at the level of the farmers organisations but not at farm level. Research: Yes, moderate research. Topics covered include economics / marketing, ecology, technology, geography. Results from national and international research projects of recent decades were used as well as experimental results from regional and national research institutes such as the ‘Instituto Murciano de Investigación y Desarrollo Agrario y Alimentario’(IMIDA) and the Spanish national research council (CSIC). External material support / subsidies Contribution per area (state/private sector): Yes. Subsidies are provided by the regional ministry, state and EU programmes. Labour: Land users implement measures themselves on a voluntary basis Input: - Agricultural (seeds, fertilizers, etc.): seeds, partly financed; fertilizer and biocides, fully financed - Construction material (stone, wood, etc.): stones, fully financed - Productivity loss: Fully financed Credit: Credit was not available. Support to local institutions: Yes, little support with training. Information to agricultural cooperatives. Monitoring and evaluation Monitored aspects Methods and indicators bio-physical technical Ad hoc measurements by government through farm visits and sampling of soils for chemical parameters (for example to control for ecological farming practices) Ad hoc measurements by government through farm visits to control the actual implementation of SLM measures economic / production Ad hoc measurements by land users by comparing production between years area treated Regular observations by government by farm visits and mapping with GIS tools no. of land users involved Regular observations by government by documentation of all farmers who participate in the subsidy programme Changes as result of monitoring and evaluation: There were several changes in the approach and the associated technologies. RDP's are evaluated and redefined every 7 years. SLM Approach: Regional rural development programme, Spain DESIRE – WOCAT 2012 223
Impacts of the Approach Improved sustainable land management: Yes, moderate. Awareness and motivation to apply SLM amongst land users has increased due to the approach. Adoption by other land users / projects: Yes, many. RDPs are developed for all regions in Spain, and need approval from national government and from the EU. Improved livelihoods / human well-being: Yes, little. Because of the approach the economic situation of farmers is slightly improved. Improved situation of disadvantaged groups: Yes, moderate. Because of the approach the economic situation of farmers in marginal areas is slightly improved. Poverty alleviation: Yes, little. Because of the approach the economic situation of farmers in marginal areas is slightly improved. Training, advisory service and research: Training effectiveness (There is strong lack of training of land users.) Land users - poor SLM specialists - fair Agricultural advisor / trainers - good Advisory service effectiveness Land users - poor Politicians / decision makers - fair Research contributing to the approach's effectiveness - Moderately Advice from various research institutes was used to design the RDP and technologies. Land/water use rights: None hindered the implementation of the approach Long-term impact of subsidies: Positive (moderate) long-term impact. The subsidies are there during the period of the RDP. In a new phase of a RDP a subsidy may disappear or change considerably. This introduces a level of uncertainty for farmers to make long-term investments. Main motivation of land users to implement: Rules and regulations (fines) / enforcement Payments / subsidies Environmental consciousness, moral, health SLM Sustainability of activities: It is uncertain whether the land users will be able to sustain the approach activities. Concluding statements Strengths and how to sustain/improve Weaknesses and how to overcome The approach is an effort to provide an integrated way of how SLM can be achieved. Therefore, no separate measures but a complete SLM plan at the farm level Include more SLM measures in the approach. All implementation and maintenance costs as well as loss of productivity are subsidised There should be enough funding for all farmers willing to apply the measures, and there should be continuity between new versions of the RDPs. There is a lack of land user participation in the design, implementation and training of the approach Organise stakeholder meetings, information sessions and trainings for land users. There is a lack of transparency in communication Farmers’ organizations and regional extension services should have a more active role to coordinate activities and communication There is a lack of organization amongst land users Farmers’ organizations and regional extension services should have a more active role in co-ordinating activities and communication. Key reference(s): CARM 2008. Programa de Desarrollo Rural de la Región de Murcia 2007-2013 Tomo I. 508pp, http://www.carm.es/neweb2/servlet/integra.servlets.ControlPublico?IDCONTENIDO=4689&IDTIPO=100&RASTRO=c431$m1219 Contact person : Joris de Vente, EEZA-CSIC, Joris@sustainable-ecosystems.org 224 DESIRE – WOCAT Desire for Greener Land
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Desire for Greener Land Options for
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DESIRE - WOCAT Desire for Greener L
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Co-published by University of Bern,
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Cross-slope barriers Progressive be
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The present DESIRE publication desc
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Contributing authors and DESIRE con
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Desire for Greener Land - Options f
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XIV DESIRE - WOCAT Desire for Green
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Figure 1: Desertification vulnerabi
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In DESIRE, WOCAT methods and tools
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Part 1
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8 DESIRE - WOCAT Desire for Greener
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Figure 1: Methodological framework
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to Russia and China (see Table 1).
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DRI = 5.4 Very high desertification
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Table 2 provides a more detailed de
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decision. This leads to solutions b
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Aims and objectives This penultimat
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Figure 7: The DESIRE Project has fo
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References: n EEA-European Environm
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Area (x1000 Ha) Major land use type
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Major land degradation types per st
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Rate of degradation per study site
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Production services were affected o
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% of area under conservation measur
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Figure 16: Effectiveness of conserv
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Conservation impact on ecosystem se
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Analysis of SLM technologies Introd
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Table 2: WOCAT categories of SLM me
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Origin of technology SLM technologi
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Table 3: Sensitivity of and toleran
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No. of case studies Land Ownership
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No. of case studies Increased farm
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No. of case studies Improved harves
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No. of case studies Increased plant
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No. of case studies No. of case stu
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Analysis of SLM approaches Introduc
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system is focused on control rather
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References: n Alkemade, J. R. M., v
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actually implemented in the field.
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Concerning SLM, the most widely app
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Part 2 DESIRE - WOCAT Desire for Gr
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Desire for Greener Land Mexico Land
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2.1 SLM case studies Case studies -
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Case studies - titles and short des
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Classification Land use problems: T
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Assessment Impacts of the Technolog
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Class sification Land d use problem
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Class sification Land use problemss
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Classification Land use problems: I
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Classification Land use problems: D
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Classification Land use problems: L
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Classification Land use problems: R
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Classification Land use problems: D
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Classification Land use problems: l
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Page 213 and 214: Problem, objectives and constraints
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Page 223 and 224: Input: - Equipment (machinery, tool
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Page 247 and 248: 2.2 Mapping case studies This secti
Page 249 and 250: Land recommendation Land conservati
Page 251 and 252: Portugal - Maçao The Maçao area h
Page 253 and 254: Italy - Rendina The Rendina area ex
Page 255 and 256: Greece - Nestos This area has chemi
Page 257 and 258: Turkey - Eskişehir The Eskeheşir
Page 259 and 260: Tunisia - Koutine The Koutine area
Page 261 and 262: Russia - Novy Land use in the Novy
Page 263 and 264: Botswana - Boteti The main land use
Page 265 and 266: Chile - Cauquenes The Cauquenes are
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Page 269 and 270: Status of land degradation, sustain
Page 271 and 272: Examples of potential SLM technolog
Page 273 and 274: IV Up-scaling SLM strategies Actual
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Page 285 and 286: Explanation pages of case studies:
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Explanation pages of case studies:
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Here appears an organogram - if ava
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Pictograms SLM technology Land use
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Logos of partners 282 DESIRE - WOCA
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Desire for Greener Land

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