Desire for Greener Land

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Land L reeclamaation by y agavve fores stry with w naative sppecies Mexico M - Recuperación de tierrras degradada as por agaveforrestería con es species localess de agaves, aarboles y herba aceas (Spanishh) Agave A forestryy land reclamaation system with w native agaaves, trees, sh hrubs and grasses planteed through parrticipatory act tion for a susttainable produ uction of mezcal m and othher products in order to gen nerate high incomes for far rmers. Rehabilitation R oof degraded lannd is achieved using native aagave (Agave inaequidens), trees and/or fruuit trees, shrubbs and grasse es to create, oover the mediu um-term (7-10 ye ears), sustainaable productioon of a traditio onal alcoholic drink (mezca al) made from ag gave and/or coosmetic and mmedicinal produ ucts, and/or fibbres and/or fod dder for cattle an nd/or wood. Beetween the aggave plants, na ative vegetationn is managed or planted for us se as food, foddder and/or meedicinal product ts. Depending on the slope and the level of la and degradatioon, continuouss planted rows s of agave proovide a ’green n’ barrier that co ontrols soil eroosion and runofff. Above left: NNative agave (A A. inaequidenss; "maguey brutto") freshly planted on erodedd soil (Acrisol type) ) in the Cointzio o basin, Michoacán de Ocampo sstate (Photo: C. C Prat, IRD) Above right: : Example of a plantation (2002) of Agave cupreaata (“maguey papalote”) p with and without a treee cover. Titzio project, Michoaacán de Ocampo sstate (Photo: A. A Martínez, UMMSNH) The main purpoose is to achievve sustainable land rehabilitaation while gen nerating a high in ncome for the ffarmer. This allows reducing the amount oof livestock and d overgrazing, which w is the maain cause of sooil erosion in th his region. Thee production of f mezcal gives lo ocal farmers high incomes. TTrees, shrubs and a grasses foor medicinal us ses, food, and fo odder are commplements of aagave productio on and are prrocessed main nly by women, while w agave harvesting is a mmale activity. As A it is very aattractive financ cially, farmers st tay in the commmunities insttead of emigr rating to citiess or abroad. Biodiversity B is Location: Mo pr reserved and iincreased usinng native plants (agaves, treees, shrubs, gra asses). These Region: Coin pl lant associations are effectivee at controlling g plant pests annd diseases. Turning T eroded Technology in nto productive soil sequesterrs carbon and increases watter availability as a result of Conservatio th he new soil covver. Stage of inte Unlike U most agave, Agave inaequidens reproduces ffrom seed, which w requires reclamation o ha arvesting the seeds from native plants in n the fields. OOne plant gene erates 80,000 Origin: Deve se eeds with a 900% success raate of germina ation, which iss enough to co over 25 ha of research, rec ag gave forestry pplantations sett up to control soil erosion. AAfter harvestin ng seeds from introduced th na ative agaves, trees and sshrubs, seedlings and smaall plants are raised in a ago) gr reenhouse andd nursery mannaged by the owners o and tennants of the la and in the first Land use: G ye ear. At the begginning of the rainy season, these are planted in plots protected p from (before), Mixe ca attle grazing foor at least the first two years s after plantingg. The harvesti ing activity for Climate: sem trees, shrubs annd grasses is done annually y, but for the aagaves only on nce every 7 to WOCAT data 12 2 years depennding on thee degree of soil degradatiion. Some months m before cdewocat.uni ha arvesting, the fflower from thee stem has to be cut. The leaaves are then cut and left in DESIRE site th he plot while thhe 50 kg hearrt of the agave e (“piña”) is remmoved. Mezca al is produced his.eu/en/coin from the heart and requires an average of o three weekss and at least two men to Related appr pr rocess 25 agavve plants (1.5 ttonnes), which produces about 300 litres of mezcal. economic ben Poverty levels in the area aare medium to o high and thhe income fro om agriculture Compiled by ac ccounts for only 10 to 20% oof the total fam mily budget. Peeople, therefore e, do not have Recherche po tim me to install soil erosion protection sys stems in the fields. Cattle graze freely France and A ev verywhere andd the number of animals is increasing annnually, which also a increases Universidad M so oil erosion. Loccals know howw to produce mezcal, m but theey prefer to buy y it from other Hidalgo (UMS pe eople who takee wild plants frrom their lands to process theem. The proxim mity of the site Date: 1 to o the Michoacáán of Ocampoo state capital and the recoggnition of the designation d of or rigin for mezcaal by the authorrities will enhan nce its value foor future produc ction. st orelia municipa ality ntzio watershed d, Michoacán s area: 0.1 - 1 km k on measure: ve ervention: reh of denuded lan eloped through cent (
Class sification Land use problemss: Soil erosionn by water due e to storms and improper lan nd use, mainly y overgrazing ddue to uncontr rolled grazing by cattle. Land use u extensiv ve grazing agroforrestry land (before) (after) Stage of interventioon Prevention Mitigation / RReduction Rehabilitatioon Main causes c of landd degradationn: Direct causes - humaan induced: soil management t, overgrazing. Indirec ct causes: poveerty / wealth Main technical t funcctions: - impro ovement of groound cover - increase of biomasss (quantity) - prom motion of vegetaation species aand varieties (q quality, eg palattable fodde er) - contr rol of concentraated runoff: retaain / trap - sedim ment retention / trapping, seddiment harvesting Envir ronment Natural Environmennt Avera age annual rainfall (mm) Altiitude (m a.s.l.) ) > 4000 3000-4000 2000-3000 1500-2000 1000-1500 750-1000 500-750 250-500 < 250 Soil depth d (cm) 0-20 20-50 50-80 80-120 >120 Climate semi-arid, subtropics Origin Deegradation soil erosion by wateer: loss of topssoil / surface erossion, gully erossion, Land L user's initiiative: traditional (< 50 years ago) Experiments E / reesearch: < 10 years ago Externally E introdduced: < 10yea ars ago > 40000 3000-40000 2500-30000 2000-25500 1500-20000 1000-15500 500-10000 100-5500
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Desire for Greener Land Options for
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DESIRE - WOCAT Desire for Greener L
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Co-published by University of Bern,
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Cross-slope barriers Progressive be
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The present DESIRE publication desc
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Contributing authors and DESIRE con
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Desire for Greener Land - Options f
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XIV DESIRE - WOCAT Desire for Green
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Figure 1: Desertification vulnerabi
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In DESIRE, WOCAT methods and tools
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Part 1
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8 DESIRE - WOCAT Desire for Greener
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Figure 1: Methodological framework
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to Russia and China (see Table 1).
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DRI = 5.4 Very high desertification
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Table 2 provides a more detailed de
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decision. This leads to solutions b
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Aims and objectives This penultimat
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Figure 7: The DESIRE Project has fo
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References: n EEA-European Environm
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Area (x1000 Ha) Major land use type
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Major land degradation types per st
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Rate of degradation per study site
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Production services were affected o
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% of area under conservation measur
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Figure 16: Effectiveness of conserv
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Conservation impact on ecosystem se
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Analysis of SLM technologies Introd
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Table 2: WOCAT categories of SLM me
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Origin of technology SLM technologi
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Table 3: Sensitivity of and toleran
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No. of case studies Land Ownership
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No. of case studies Increased farm
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No. of case studies Improved harves
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No. of case studies Increased plant
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No. of case studies No. of case stu
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Analysis of SLM approaches Introduc
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system is focused on control rather
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References: n Alkemade, J. R. M., v
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actually implemented in the field.
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Concerning SLM, the most widely app
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Part 2 DESIRE - WOCAT Desire for Gr
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Desire for Greener Land Mexico Land
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2.1 SLM case studies Case studies -
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Case studies - titles and short des
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76 DESIRE - WOCAT Desire for Greene
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Classification Land use problems: T
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Assessment Impacts of the Technolog
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Class sification Land d use problem
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Class sification Land use problemss
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Classification Land use problems: I
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Classification Land use problems: D
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Classification Land use problems: I
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Page 125 and 126: Classification Land use problems: L
Page 127 and 128: Assessment Impacts of the Technolog
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Page 137 and 138: Class sification Land use problemss
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Page 149 and 150: Classification Land use problems: S
Page 153 and 154: Classification Land use problems: W
Page 157 and 158: Classification Land use problems: O
Page 169 and 170: Classification Land use problems: I
Page 173 and 174: Classification Land use problems: L
Page 175: Assessment Impacts of the Technolog
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Page 213 and 214: Problem, objectives and constraints
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Page 223 and 224: Input: - Equipment (machinery, tool
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Impacts of the Approach Improved su
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Problem, objectives and constraints
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Problems, objectives, and constrain
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Desire for Greener Land Opopejo Qui
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2.2 Mapping case studies This secti
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Land recommendation Land conservati
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Portugal - Maçao The Maçao area h
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Italy - Rendina The Rendina area ex
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Greece - Nestos This area has chemi
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Turkey - Eskişehir The Eskeheşir
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Tunisia - Koutine The Koutine area
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Russia - Novy Land use in the Novy
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Botswana - Boteti The main land use
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Chile - Cauquenes The Cauquenes are
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252 DESIRE - WOCAT Desire for Green
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Status of land degradation, sustain
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Examples of potential SLM technolog
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IV Up-scaling SLM strategies Actual
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Case study of the DESIRE methodolog
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II Identifying, evaluating and sele
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The results showed that the best op
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IV Up-scaling SLM strategies Some r
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Explanation pages of case studies:
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Cropland (or grazing land, mixed la
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Explanation pages of case studies:
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Here appears an organogram - if ava
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Pictograms SLM technology Land use
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Logos of partners 282 DESIRE - WOCA
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Desire for Greener Land

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