Desire for Greener Land

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Human Environment Mixed land per household (ha) 10,000 Implementation activities, inputs and costs Establishment activities 1. Diversion channel 2. Plantation 3. Spillway construction 4. Terracing Land user: individual and common small-scale land users, mainly men Population density: 10-50 persons/km 2 Annual population growth: 0.5% - 1% Land ownership: individual, titled Land use rights: individual Water use rights: individual Relative level of wealth: average, which represents 70% of land users; 75% of the total land area is owned by average land users Importance of off-farm income: > 50% of all income: Access to service and infrastructure: low: financial services; moderate: health, technical assistance, employment, market, energy, roads and transport, drinking water and sanitation; high: education Market orientation: mixed (subsistence and commercial) Technical drawing Tabia with natural water collection area (upper) and tabia on an expanded system with additional flood water diversions (lower). (Adapted from Alaya et al. 1993) Found in flatter areas, tabia can accommodate more trees on the terrace especially when it can receive additional water from floods. Establishment inputs and costs per per medium-sized Tabia Inputs Costs (US$) % met by land user Labour 500 Other 170 TOTAL 670 100* Maintenance/recurrent activities Maintenance/recurrent inputs and costs per per medium-sized Tabia 1. Dyke and spillway maintenance 2. Reconstruction Inputs Costs (US$) % met by land user Labour 150 Other 50 TOTAL 200 100* Remarks: Labour is the most determining factor affecting the costs. The local wage rate is 10 US$/day. * The technology establishment and maintenance costs met by the land users are 100% if executed on a private basis, but it can range from 10 to 50% when the site is part of a publicly-funded programme. SLM Technology: Tabia, Tunisia DESIRE – WOCAT 2012 115
Assessment Impacts of the Technology Production and socio-economic benefits Production and socio-economic disadvantages increased crop yield reduced risk of production failure increased farm income increased production area loss of grazing land Socio-cultural benefits Socio-cultural disadvantages improved conservation / erosion knowledge improved food security / self sufficiency Ecological benefits Ecological disadvantages improved harvesting / collection of water reduced surface runoff reduced hazard towards adverse events reduced soil loss / erosion recharge of groundwater table aquifer increased evaporation Off-site benefits Off-site disadvantages increased water availability reduced downstream flooding reduced downstream siltation reduced damage on public / private infrastructure Contribution to human well-being/livelihoods Benefits/costs according to land user Acceptance/adoption: 35% of land user families have implemented the technology with external material support. 65% of land user families have implemented the technology voluntary. There is a strong trend towards (growing) spontaneous adoption of the technology. Concluding statements reduced river flows (only during floods) reduced sediment yields Benefits compared with costs short-term: long-term: Establishment negative very positive Maintenance/recurrent positive very positive Strengths and how to sustain/improve Weaknesses and how to overcome This technique allows a rapid expansion of cropping lands in the piedmont and flat areas encourage maintenance of existing structure Allows crop production in very dry environments (with less than 200 mm of rainfall) encourage maintenance of existing structure Collects and accumulates water, soil and nutrients behind the tabia and makes it available to crops encourage maintenance of existing structure Reduced damage by flooding encourage maintenance of existing structure Risks related to the climatic changes it needs to be combined with supplementary irrigation Risk of local know-how disappearance training of new generations Land ownership fragmentation agrarian reform Productivity of the land is very low development of alternative income generation activities Drought spells supplementary irrigation Expansion is done at the expense of natural grazing land Key reference(s): Alaya, K., Viertmann, W., Waibel, Th. 1993. Les tabias. Imprimerie Arabe de Tunisie, Tunis, Tunisia. 192 pp., Genin, D., Guillaume, H., Ouessar, M., Ouled Belgacem, A., Romagny, B., Sghaier, M., Taamallah, H. (eds) 2006. Entre la désertification et le développement: la Jeffara tunisienne. CERES, Tunis, 351 pp. Contact person(s): Ouessar Mohamed (Med.Ouessar@ira.agrinet.tn), Chniter Mongi, Insitut des Régions Arides, 4119 Medenine, Tunisia 116 DESIRE – WOCAT Desire for Greener Land
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Desire for Greener Land Options for
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DESIRE - WOCAT Desire for Greener L
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Co-published by University of Bern,
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Cross-slope barriers Progressive be
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The present DESIRE publication desc
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Contributing authors and DESIRE con
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Desire for Greener Land - Options f
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XIV DESIRE - WOCAT Desire for Green
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Figure 1: Desertification vulnerabi
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In DESIRE, WOCAT methods and tools
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Part 1
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8 DESIRE - WOCAT Desire for Greener
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Figure 1: Methodological framework
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to Russia and China (see Table 1).
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DRI = 5.4 Very high desertification
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Table 2 provides a more detailed de
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decision. This leads to solutions b
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Aims and objectives This penultimat
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Figure 7: The DESIRE Project has fo
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References: n EEA-European Environm
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Area (x1000 Ha) Major land use type
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Major land degradation types per st
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Rate of degradation per study site
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Production services were affected o
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% of area under conservation measur
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Figure 16: Effectiveness of conserv
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Conservation impact on ecosystem se
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Analysis of SLM technologies Introd
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Table 2: WOCAT categories of SLM me
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Origin of technology SLM technologi
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Table 3: Sensitivity of and toleran
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No. of case studies Land Ownership
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No. of case studies Increased farm
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No. of case studies Improved harves
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No. of case studies Increased plant
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No. of case studies No. of case stu
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Analysis of SLM approaches Introduc
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system is focused on control rather
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References: n Alkemade, J. R. M., v
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Classification Land use problems: D
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Assessment Impacts of the Technolog
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Classification Land use problems: l
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Classification Land use problems: T
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Class sification Land use problemss
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Classification Land use problems: T
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Classification Land use problems: O
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Problem, objectives and constraints
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Impacts of the Approach Improved su
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Input: - Equipment (machinery, tool
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Problems, objectives, and constrain
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Desire for Greener Land Opopejo Qui
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2.2 Mapping case studies This secti
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Land recommendation Land conservati
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Portugal - Maçao The Maçao area h
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Italy - Rendina The Rendina area ex
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Greece - Nestos This area has chemi
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Turkey - Eskişehir The Eskeheşir
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Tunisia - Koutine The Koutine area
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Russia - Novy Land use in the Novy
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Botswana - Boteti The main land use
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Chile - Cauquenes The Cauquenes are
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Status of land degradation, sustain
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Examples of potential SLM technolog
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IV Up-scaling SLM strategies Actual
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Case study of the DESIRE methodolog
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II Identifying, evaluating and sele
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The results showed that the best op
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IV Up-scaling SLM strategies Some r
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Explanation pages of case studies:
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Cropland (or grazing land, mixed la
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Explanation pages of case studies:
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Here appears an organogram - if ava
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Pictograms SLM technology Land use
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Logos of partners 282 DESIRE - WOCA
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Desire for Greener Land

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