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Desire for Greener Land

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Conservation impact on ecosystem services<br />

100%<br />

90%<br />

80%<br />

70%<br />

60%<br />

50%<br />

40%<br />

30%<br />

20%<br />

10%<br />

0%<br />

P E S<br />

Impact<br />

+3<br />

+2<br />

+1<br />

-1<br />

-2<br />

-3<br />

DESIRE - WOCAT 2012<br />

Figure 19: Impact of conservation on ecosystem services (ES)<br />

in all study sites. P: production services, E: ecological services,<br />

S: socio-cultural services. Negative numbers: negative contributions<br />

to changes in ES (-3: >50%, -2: 10-50%; -1: 0-10%);<br />

positive numbers: positive contributions to changes in ES (3:<br />

>50%, 2: 10-50%; 1: 0-10%).<br />

area under conservation measures with positive impacts<br />

on ecosystem services was found in cultivated land. At the<br />

same time, the effectiveness of conservation measures in<br />

cultivated land was reported to be high (in 20% of the cultivated<br />

area under conservation) (section 1.5.2). This implies<br />

that if conservation measures are effective in remediating<br />

land degradation processes, this does not necessarily entail<br />

positive changes in the level of ecosystem services provided<br />

by the land. Obviously there is scope <strong>for</strong> improving contributions<br />

from SLM to ecosystem services in cultivated land.<br />

References:<br />

n Cotula, L. 2011. <strong>Land</strong> deals in Africa: what is in the contracts? IIED, London.<br />

n FAO. 2011. The state of the world’s land and water resources <strong>for</strong> food and agriculture (SOLAW) - Managing systems at risk. Food and Agriculture<br />

Organization of the United Nations, Rome and Earthscan, London.<br />

n Flintan, F. 2011. Broken lands: Broken lives? Causes, processes and impacts of land fragmentation in the rangelands of Ethiopia, Kenya and Uganda.<br />

REGLAP (Regional Learning and Advocacy Programme), Nairobi.<br />

n Liniger, HP., van Lynden, G., Nachtergaele, F., Schwilch, G. (eds). 2008. WOCAT-LADA-DESIRE Mapping Questionnaire. Centre <strong>for</strong> Development and<br />

Environment, Institute of Geography, University of Berne, Berne.<br />

n Liniger, H.P., Mekdaschi Studer, R., Hauert, C. and Gurtner, M. 2011. Sustainable <strong>Land</strong> Management in Practice – Guidelines and Best Practices <strong>for</strong><br />

Sub-Saharan Africa. TerrAfrica, World Overview of Conservation Approaches and Technologies (WOCAT) and Food and Agriculture Organization of<br />

the United Nations (FAO).<br />

n Nachtergaele F., Petri M. 2008. Mapping land use systems at global and regional scales <strong>for</strong> land degradation assessment analysis. LADA. FAO.<br />

n Oldeman, L. R., Hakkeling, R. T. A. and Sombroek, W. G. 1990. World Map of the Status of Human-Induced Soil Degradation; Explanatory Note. The<br />

Global Assessment of Soil Degradation, ISRIC and UNEP in cooperation with the Winand Staring Centre, ISSS, FAO and ITC; 27 pages.<br />

n TEEB. 2010. The Economics of Ecosystems and Biodiversity: Mainstreaming the Economics of Nature: A synthesis of the approach, conclusions and<br />

recommendations of TEEB.<br />

n WOCAT. 2007. Where the land is greener: Case studies and analysis of soil and water conservation initiatives worldwide. Liniger, H.P. Critchley, W.,<br />

Centre <strong>for</strong> Development and Environment, Institute of Geography, University of Berne, Berne.<br />

38 DESIRE – WOCAT <strong>Desire</strong> <strong>for</strong> <strong>Greener</strong> <strong>Land</strong><br />

China, Erik van den Elsen

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