Desire for Greener Land
Desire for Greener Land
Desire for Greener Land
You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles
YUMPU automatically turns print PDFs into web optimized ePapers that Google loves.
Crop C rootation:<br />
cerea als / foddder<br />
l egumees<br />
(lupiin)<br />
Morocco M – Bernnicha<br />
(amazigh – berber langu uage)<br />
Crops C rotationn:<br />
cereals / foodder<br />
legumes<br />
(lupin), withh<br />
a biennial crop c rotation<br />
Above left: A series of two cultivation areeas<br />
on<br />
slopes, with lupin<br />
above (on n poor and stonny<br />
soil)<br />
and maize beelow<br />
(on thicke er soil) (Photo: Jamal<br />
Al Karkouri)<br />
Above right: : Detailed view w of the white luupin<br />
(Photo: Jamaal<br />
Al Karkouri)<br />
Farming<br />
is the main activity oof<br />
the Sehoul population. Inn<br />
the past, it was w based on<br />
su ubsistence culltivation<br />
and eespecially<br />
on extensive e breeeding<br />
outside the t farm. The<br />
cu ultivation practtice<br />
mostly appplied<br />
was barley<br />
monoculturee.<br />
Nowadays, crop c rotation is<br />
more m and more diversified (usse<br />
of other cere eal species andd<br />
mainly legum mes). Because<br />
of f land degradaation<br />
on <strong>for</strong>esst<br />
pasture, farm mers increasinngly<br />
use their farm land <strong>for</strong><br />
fo odder or legumme<br />
production ssuch<br />
as oats and a lupin. Whitte<br />
lupins were introduced in<br />
th he region durinng<br />
the coloniaal<br />
era (1912-19 956), through individual initia atives with no<br />
ex xternal supportt.<br />
The advantaages<br />
of lupin cu ultivation are itss<br />
ability to grow w on poor and<br />
st tony soils andd,<br />
like other leeguminous<br />
cro ops, it does nnot<br />
need nitrogen<br />
fertilizers<br />
be ecause of its aability<br />
to fix nitrrogen<br />
from the air, which redduces<br />
the costs s. Additionally,<br />
lu upin does not require much water (a minimum<br />
of 350 mm per year is sufficient).<br />
Considering C thee<br />
importance off<br />
pastoral activ vity in the production<br />
system of the Sehoul<br />
di istrict, this tecchnology<br />
meetss<br />
the expectat tions of the poopulation<br />
as fo ollows. Firstly,<br />
th here is improveement<br />
of foddeer<br />
production. Lupin is a leguminous<br />
crop which can be<br />
ea aten by ruminnants<br />
either aas<br />
green fodd der or as graain.<br />
Secondly, there is soil Location: Seehoul<br />
im mprovement through<br />
a betterr<br />
structure, an increased soil organic matte er content and Region: Saléé<br />
province<br />
be etter nitrogen retention that can be used <strong>for</strong> f the next cuultivation.<br />
Third dly, there is a Technology area: 2 km<br />
be etter soil coveer<br />
because luppin<br />
is an inva asive plant witth<br />
efficient roo ots <strong>for</strong> finding Conservatio<br />
nu utrients, which allows its cultivation<br />
on poor r soils.<br />
Stage of inte<br />
degradation<br />
The<br />
lupin cultivvation<br />
techniqque<br />
consists of o the followinng:<br />
spreading the seed in Origin: introd<br />
October-Novem<br />
O<br />
mber, and posssibly<br />
until mid-December.<br />
Early sowing shows good years ago<br />
yields,<br />
becausee<br />
cold temperaatures<br />
cause early e blossoming.<br />
For white lupin, sowing <strong>Land</strong> use: cr<br />
de ensity is aboutt<br />
100 kg/ha. Ploughing<br />
(20-2 25 cm deep plooughing<br />
is suff ficient) to bury Climate: sub<br />
th he seed is per<strong>for</strong>med<br />
with a swing ploug gh and two muules<br />
on slopes s, and with a WOCAT data<br />
metallic m plough or a tractor onn<br />
plains. No we eeding or fertilizzation<br />
activities<br />
are required on cdewocat.<br />
be ecause of the lupin's good nnitrogen<br />
fixation n capacity. Howwever,<br />
an additional<br />
second DESIRE site<br />
or r third ploughinng<br />
can improvee<br />
the harvest, but b is often connstrained<br />
by a lack<br />
of means. his.eu/en/seh<br />
A first grazing iss<br />
allowed in March<br />
but afterw wards it is left sso<br />
that it can recover r again. Related appr<br />
Harvesting H is done<br />
manually with sickles in n August and residues are grazed again. Compiled by<br />
Seed<br />
productionn<br />
is 8-10 quintaals/ha,<br />
biomass s is 3000 kg/haa.<br />
IbnTofail, Kén<br />
Date: 21 Mar<br />
This<br />
technologyy<br />
is applied onn<br />
plateau mar rgins with steeep<br />
slopes, whe ere traditional<br />
sm mall-scale land<br />
use includees<br />
predominan ntly winter croop<br />
cultivations s (wheat and<br />
ba arley) and secoondary<br />
spring food cultivation ns (broad beanns,<br />
chickpea, maize). m On the<br />
pl lateau, bigger and better maaintained<br />
farms s per<strong>for</strong>m irrigated<br />
cultivation<br />
with ground<br />
water. w The corkk<br />
oak <strong>for</strong>ests are coveted as a pasture landd<br />
and firewoo od source and<br />
th here<strong>for</strong>e they are regarded as important <strong>for</strong> their freee<br />
natural fodd der resources.<br />
Pasture<br />
land (exxcept<br />
<strong>for</strong>ests) ccovers<br />
a small area (12% of tthe<br />
Sehoul are ea) because of<br />
la and appropriatiion<br />
and cultivaation.<br />
Only the e collective annd<br />
the fallow la ands are now<br />
us sed as pasture<br />
lands and generally show<br />
important and alarming g degradation<br />
pr rocesses.<br />
2<br />
on measure: ag gronomic<br />
ervention: prevention<br />
of landd<br />
duced by colon nists, more thann<br />
50<br />
ropland<br />
bhumid, subtrop pics<br />
abase reference:<br />
QT MOR012e<br />
.unibe.ch/woca atQT<br />
e in<strong>for</strong>mation: www.desire-<br />
houl-morocco<br />
roach: not doc cumented<br />
y: Al Karkouri Jamal, J Universsity<br />
nitra<br />
r 2011, updated<br />
19 Oct 2011<br />
SLM Technology: Crop rotation: cereals / fodder legumes (lupin), Morocco DESIRE – WOCAT 2012<br />
97
Change language