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114 Terms used in Bionomenclature legitimate name, [nomen legitimum, nom. legit.]: (1) (bot., cult. pl., phyt., prok., vir.) a validly published name that is in accordance with all rules in the Code; i.e. one which must be taken into account in determining the correct name for a taxon; see also illegitimate name. (2) (bot., obsol.) one distinguishing a plant species from all those of the same genus; used in this sense by Linnaeus. level: (unoff.) sometimes used in the sense of rank (q.v.). libelotype: (zool., unoff.) a derogatorotype (q.v.). ligature: the typographic union of two letters (e.g. “æ”); not to be used in bot., prok. or zool. but transcribed (e.g. "ae"). limbotype: (zool., unoff.) a type of which the current place of deposit is unknown (!). line: (cult. pl.) in plant breeding, a term used to describe plants resulting from repeated self-fertilization or inbreeding. Linnaean: an adjective based on the surname of Carl Linnæus (latinized as Carolus Linnaeus); see Linnean. Linnaean system: in nomenclature, the system in which, fundamentally, binary combinations (i.e. names) are used for species, consisting of a generic name and a specific epithet. Linnaean tautonym: (zool.) the identical spelling of a generic or subgeneric name established before 1931 and a pre-1758 name cited as a synonym of only one of the species or subspecies originally included in that genus. Linnean: an adjective based on the enobled name for Carl Linnæus, i.e. Carl von Linné; see Linnaean. linneon: (obsol.) proposed as a replacement for the term species in the Linnaean sense, i.e. groups of individuals that resemble one another more than they do any other individuals; cfr jordanon. lipotype: (zool., not nomenclatural) a life-form, the absence of which is characteristic of the fauna of a particular place. lineage: (phyl.) a series of entities (e.g. organisms, populations) that form a single unbroken and unbranched sequence of ancestors and descendants; that a lineage is unbranched does not deny the
115 The naming of organisms (and plant communities) existence of side-branches, which are not parts of the lineage in question, or of branching at lower organizational levels (e.g. organelle lineages within a population lineage); there may even be branching at the organizational level in question as long as it is judged to be temporary. list: see Approved List, List of Names in Current Use, Official List. Lists of Names in Current Use, [NCUs]: lists of names published by the International Association for Plant Taxonomy (IAPT) and for which a protected status was sought in 1993 but not granted. lithograph: (1) (obsol.) a printing from stone, parts of the surface of which had been made retentive of ink. (2) a printing from any surface made retentive of ink as distinct from type (almost invariably photographic). LITUs, [Least Inclusive Taxonomic Units]: proposed as an alternative to the notion of species; named monophyletic groups identified by unique shared similarities (apomorphies) which at present are not further subdivided. loc. cit., [l.c., loco citato]: in the place cited; used to avoid the repetition of a bibliographic reference already given. locality type: (zool., unoff.) one of a series of expressions proposed to illustrate type terms reduced to absurdity (!); cfr egg type, host type, larval type, mimetic phase type, pupal type, seasonal type, sexual type. locotype: (zool., unoff.) a topotype (q.v.). logonym: (zool., unoff.) the name of a species which became the type of a genus-group name by subsequent designation. logotype: (zool., unoff.) the type of a genus-group name designated after the publication of the name; an idiogenotype (q.v.). logotypic: (zool., unoff.), of a generic name, one with a logotype (q.v.). Lois de la Nomenclature Botanique: (bot., obsol.) drafted by A. P. de Candolle, and approved by the Congrès International de Botanique in Paris in 1867, the Lois were the forerunner of the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature (q.v.).
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Cover by Ciprian-Marius Vizitiu. Ph
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TERMS USED IN BIONOMENCLATURE: The
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Contents ABSTRACT .................
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Hawksworth 9 Introduction Terms use
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Hawksworth 11 employed, used outsid
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Hawksworth 13 The Codes All organis
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Hawksworth 15 Howell BF (1929) Defi
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Hawksworth 17
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19 The naming of organisms (and pla
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