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121 The naming of organisms (and plant communities)
monomorphic: of a taxon or population, one showing no genetically fixed
discontinuous variation.
mononomial: a uninomial (q.v.).
mononym: a uninominal (q.v.).
monopathotype: (prok.) the single strain used by an author when
introducing the name of a new pathovar, but which was not
designated as the holopathotype in the original publication.
monophyletic: (phyl.) a set consisting of an ancestor and all of its
descendents; usually used for groups the members of which share a
more recent common ancestor with one another than with any nonmembers,
though monophyletic groups of organisms within sexually
reproducing species/ populations may not have this property.
monotaxic: of two or more taxa, ones belong to the same taxon.
monotype: (1) (unoff.) a single element on which a taxon was based where
the author did not explicitly state that this element was to be
regarded as the nomenclatural type of the taxon; an implicit
holotype. (2) (zool., unoff.) the holotype of a taxon based on a single
known specimen. (3) (zool., unoff.) the type of a monotypic genus.
(4) (prok., unoff.) a single strain on which a new taxon was based,
but not designated as a holotype in the original publication.
monotypic: (bot., prok.) having only one immediately subordinate taxon;
e.g. of a genus with a single validly published species); see also
monotypic genus, monotype, monotypy.
monotypic genus: (bot., prok.) a genus for which a single binomial is
validly published.
monotypical: (zool., unoff.) of a genus, one including only a single species
at the time of publication; see monotype, monotypical genus.
monotypy: (zool.) the situation arising: (a) when an author establishes a
nominal genus or subgenus for what he or she considers to be a
single taxonomic species and denotes that species by an available
name (the nominal species so named is the type species by
monotypy); or (b) when an author bases a nominal species-group
taxon on a single specimen but does not explicitly designate it as
holotype (holotype by monotypy); see also subsequent monotypy.