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174 Terms used in Bionomenclature
rules: the regulations in a Code which are mandatory; the provisions of a
Code, set out as Articles or Rules.
ruling: (zool.) a decision by the Commission (ICZN) published as an
Opinion, Declaration, or Direction.
s.s.: sensu stricto (q.v.).
S 1 hybrid: see synthetic hybrid.
saltation: (1) (not nomenclatural) the sudden appearance of an unexpected
character, for example by mutation; a sport. (2) (mycol., obsol.) a
permanent variation or mutation arising from a growing mycelium,
usually in artificial culture.
saltem: at least.
sanctioned name: (1) (mycol.) the name of a fungus treated as if conserved
against earlier homonyms and competing synonyms, through
acceptance in one of two sanctioning works (q.v.); see colon. (2)
(cult. pl.) one in which an otherwise illegitimate cultivar epithet is
made permissible under certain conditions.
sanctioning work: (mycol.) a work in which names are sanctioned; i.e. C.
H. Persoon’s Synopsis Methodica Fungorum (1801) for names in
Uredinales, Ustilaginales and Gasteromycetes s.l., and E. M. Fries’s
Systema Mycologicum (1821-32, with additional Index and Elenchus
Fungorum) for other fungi (excluding slime moulds).
sanctotype: (mycol., unoff.) proposed for a specimen or illustration
selected to serve as the nomenclatural type of a sanctioned name
(q.v.) from among any element associated with the name in the
sanctioning work (q.v.).
satellite: (vir.) a subviral agent which compromises nucleic acid molecules,
with or without capsid proteins, that depend for their productive
multiplication on co-infection of host cell with a “helper” virus;
satellite nucleic acids contain substantial nucleotide sequences
distinct from that in the genome of either helper virus or host.
scheda, [sched., pl. schedae]: a label (of a specimen).