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77 The naming of organisms (and plant communities)
out to survey, collect specimens, so carry out in situ studies. (4) of
microbial strains, ones recently isolated from nature.
figure, [fig.]: a reference either to a numbered illustration in the text of a
work, or to a numbered portion of a plate.
figure-type: (zool., unoff.) the original figure or illustration of a type
specimen; an iconotype (q.v.). (2) (zool., unoff.) a phototype (q.v.).
filius, [f., fil.]: son; used in author citations to help distinguish a father and
son (e.g. L. f. for Linnaeus’ son).
-filomanoj: (unoff.) proposed termination in Esperanto for a name in the
rank of phylum in the New Biological Nomenclature (q.v.).
final epithet: (bio., bot.) the last epithet in sequence in any particular
combination, whether in the rank of a subdivision of a genus, or of a
species, or of an infraspecific taxon.
first reviser: see Principle of the First Reviser.
first species method: of typification, the automatic selection of the first
named species as the type of the name of a genus; not generally
acceptable (bot., zool.); (bot.) an “American Code” typification if all
other conditions were not met; see mechanical methods.
fixation: (zool.) a general term for the determination of a name-bearing
type, whether by original designation, or by any other means; see
also designation, monotypy, tautonomy.
fixation by elimination: (zool.) the supposed fixation of a type species by
the subsequent transfer of all but one of the originally included
nominal species from a genus; not in itself an available method of
type fixation.
floating: of a taxon, one not classified in one or more ranks of the
taxonomic hierarchy; see incertae sedis, unassigned.
Flora: a published work describing the plants growing in an area; cfr
Fauna, flora, Funga, Mycobiota, Mycota.
flora: the plants growing in an area; cfr Flora.
floruit, [fl.]: flourished; used before the date of an author of a name to
indicate when he was actively publishing, especially when the dates
of birth and death are unknown.