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156 Terms used in Bionomenclature
Preamble: (bio., bot., phyl., zool.) used of introductory statements in a
Code which explain its purpose and scope.
precedence: (1) (zool.) the order of seniority of available names or
nomenclatural acts determined (a) by application of the Principle of
Priority, or (b) in the case of simultaneously published names, or (c)
by a ruling of the Commission using its plenary power; see also
position preference, priority. (2) (phyl.) the order of preference
among established names, used to select the accepted name from
among them; in general, precedence is based on the date of
establishment, with earlier-established names having precedence
over later ones, but later-established names may be conserved over
earlier ones.
pre-empted name: (prok., unoff.) a name previously applied to a taxon and
therefore not therefore useable for a different taxon in the same rank
or group; a preoccupied name.
pre-existing Codes: (phyl.) the rank-based Codes that were in operation
before the PhyloCode was drafted (1997-2000), specifically those
concerned with bacteria, botany, viruses, and zoology.
pre-existing name: (phyl.) a scientific name that, prior to its establishment
under the PhyloCode, was either (a) legitimate (bot., prok.),
potentially valid (zool.), or valid (zool.), or (b) in use but not
governed by any Code (e.g. zoological names ranked above the
family-group).
prefix, [pl. prefixes]: a letter or group of letters attached before the main
part of a word and usually used only in forming derived words and
not as a separate word (e.g. Eu- and Para- in Eutettix and Paratettix
respectively); see also compound, suffix.
pre-holotype, [pre holotypum]: (bot., unoff.) proposed for application to a
living cultivated plant from which the holotype of a name was
prepared.
pre-Linnaean: names or works published prior to 1 May 1753 (bot.) or 1
January 1758 (zool.), the accepted dates of publication of’
Linnaeus’s Species Plantarum and Systema Naturae (edn 10), which
are the starting points for nomenclature in the groups concerned;