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152 Terms used in Bionomenclature piesmotype: (zool., unoff.) an illustration prepared form a plate with an imprint made mechanically from a merotype (q.v.). Pl., [pl., plate]: a full-page illustration; elements within a plate are generally referred to as figures and indicated by separate numbers or letters. plant: (bot.) in the Code, any organism traditionally studied by botanists; i.e. regardless of the current classification of the organism which may be outside the plant kingdom. Plant Breeders’ Rights: (cult. pl.) a breeder’s legal protection over the propagation of a cultivar. Plant Variety Rights: see Plant Breeder’s Rights. plastocotype: see plastoholotype. plastoholotype: (zool., unoff.) an artificial specimen moulded directly form a holotype. plastolectotype: (zool., unoff.) an artificial specimen moulded directly form a lectotype. plastoneotype: (zool., unoff.) an artificial specimen moulded directly form a neotype. plastoparatype: (zool., unoff.) an artificial specimen moulded directly form a paratype. plastosyntype: (zool., unoff.) an artificial specimen moulded directly form a syntype. plastotype: (zool., unoff.) an artificial specimen moulded or otherwise reproduced directly from a type; particularly used for fossils. plenary power: (zool.) the power of the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN) to suspend or modify the application of the Code in the way which it considers necessary to serve the interests of stability and universality of nomenclature in a particular case. pleoanamorphic: (mycol.) of a fungus in which the holomorph has more than one morphologically distinct anamorph; see synanamorph.
153 The naming of organisms (and plant communities) pleomorphic: (1) having many forms. (2) (mycol.) of a fungus having two or more distinct phases or states in its life-cycle; see anamorph, holomorph, synanamorph, teleomorph. pleonasm: the use of generic names and specific epithets with an identical or similar meaning, either by similar word-forms (e.g. as in Bidens bidentoides), or different words identical or almost identical in meaning (e.g. Andropogon barbatus). plesiogenotype: (zool., unoff.) a specimen provisionally included in a genus at the time of description of the genus, but which was subsequently designated as the type of that genus. plesiomorph: (unoff.) a primitive character; i.e. one that has not changed in form from that seen in its ancestors. plesiotype: (1) (palaeo. zool., obsol.) a specimen which was not used in the original description of a species or subspecies, but which is used for a later redescription supplementing the description or illustration published subsequent to the original description; a hypotype; see also epitype. (2) (zool., unoff.) a specimen related to the type species of a genus-group name but from another biological province or geological formation. (3) (zool., unoff.) a figured or described specimen which has been compared with the type specimen or original figure. (4) (zool., unoff.) a specimen identified by a later author as the same as a type. pliogenotype, [pliogenotyp]: (zool., unoff.) the type of a generic name which is a synonym of an earlier generic name. pluviotype: (zool., unoff.) a type specimen damaged in a flood and encrusted in silt (!). poecilomorph: (palaeo., unoff., obsol.) proposed as a designation for a "form-variety". pollutotype: (zool., unoff.) a type so encrusted or damaged by pollutants that it is no longer recognizable (!). polybasic: (zool., unoff.) of a genus-group name, one which had several species included within it when first published; cfr monobasic. polybrid: (cult. pl.) a group name for a number of hybrids with the same parental genera, species, or varieties.
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Cover by Ciprian-Marius Vizitiu. Ph
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TERMS USED IN BIONOMENCLATURE: The
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Contents ABSTRACT .................
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Hawksworth 9 Introduction Terms use
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Hawksworth 11 employed, used outsid
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Hawksworth 13 The Codes All organis
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Hawksworth 15 Howell BF (1929) Defi
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Hawksworth 17
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19 The naming of organisms (and pla
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