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58 Terms used in Bionomenclature culture collection: (bot., prok.) a collection in which cultures of microorganisms are permanently maintained in a living state or in one from which they can be revived; culture collections may supply strains (including type and ex-type cultures) and provide other services, such as serving as International Depositary Authorities for strains cited in patents (i.e. service collections); the more explanatory terms biological resource centre (q.v.) or genetic resource centre (q.v.) are increasing preferred as the name for such collections; commonly referred to by individual acronyms (see World Data Center for Microorganisms) in the citation of cultures examined in systematic works. culture: (prok.) a population of bacterial cells in a given place at a given time, e.g. in this test tube. cultype: see cultotype. Current use: of names, the preponderant way in which names are applied in recent scientific publications; see also Names in Current Use. cv., [pl. cvs.]: see cultivar. cyclophasic cultivar: (cult. pl.) a clone with the same genotype as the original parent plant but differing in its phenotype due to being originally asexually propagated from specific tissue from a phase in the plant’s life-cycle. cyclus, [cycle]: (cult. pl., unoff.) a taxoid for the designation of a group of closely related plants (mostly of hybrid origin), the features of which combine in a net-like manner and whose relationships are also net-like. cyrioplesiotype: (zool., unoff.) the principal or typical specimen among several plesiotypes (q.v.). cytological characters: (cult. pl.) the characters within the cellular structure of an organism. cytotype: (1) (zool., unoff.) a portion of a type prepared to show identical cytological features (e.g. chromosomes) as those originally described for the taxon. (2) (bot., unoff.) proposed as an infraspecific category for plants distinguished by cytological
59 The naming of organisms (and plant communities) features (e.g. chromosome number or structure) but not at all morphologically; see also cytovar. cytovar.: (bot., unoff., obsol.) proposed for use in the nomenclatural citation of a cytotype (q.v.). dagger, [†]: see crucifix. Dall Code: (zool., obsol.) a forerunner of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (q.v.), a draft of which was prepared for the American Association for the Advancement of Science by W. H. Dall and published in 1878; it was intended to cover (bot.) as well as (zool.) but was never formally adopted internationally. date: (1) of a name, the date requirements for establishment or valid publication under the pertinent Code were fulfilled. (2) (bio.) of a name, that of its registration, i.e. the date of receipt of the relevant matter at the registration office. (3) (bio.) for purposes of precedence of a name, the date attributed to it in an adopted list (q.v.) or, for unlisted names, the date on which it was validly published (bot., prok.), became available (zool.) or was established (bio.). (4) of a work, the date on which copies of the work become available by purchase or free distribution, either to the general public or to systematic libraries; this date may or may not be the same as the date printed on the work itself; in practice often accepted as the date of mailing or passing to a carrier. Declaration: (zool.) a provisional amendment to the Code, published by the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature. declension: a system of cases and case endings (q.v.). deem: to consider or rule something to be what it may or may not be; a work and its contents are deemed to be published by the author not the publisher; the date of a publication may be deemed to have been be a particular one whether or not that is when it was actually published (e.g. the tenth edition of’ Linnaeus’s Systema Naturae is deemed for the purposes of zoological nomenclature to be published
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TERMS USED IN BIONOMENCLATURE: The
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