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188 Terms used in Bionomenclature subfamily: (1) (zool.) a family-group rank below family; subfamily names end in “-inae”. (2) (bot., zool.) a taxon at the rank of subfamily; subfamily names end in "-ideae". subfederatio: (phyt., obsol.) an hierarchical rank of a syntaxon, equivant to suballiance (q.v.). subformation: (phyt., obsol.) an hierarchical rank of a syntaxon, equivant to order but not covered by the Code. subfossil: (1) a specimen of post-Pleistocene age, usually belonging to an extant taxon, found under fossil (q.v.) conditions. (2) (palaeo. bot.) that is geologically young, generally soft in texture, organic in composition (but including e.g. shells), and usually found in a soft deposit, such as peat; the equivalent of fossil for nomenclatural purposes. subgenomic: (vir.) applied to an RNA molecule which is part of a genome segment of a virus and which functions as a messenger RNA. subgenotype: (zool., obsol.) the type species of a subgenus; see genotype. subgenus [subgen., s-g.; pl. subgenera, s-gg.] (1) (zool.) the genus-group rank below genus; a taxon at the rank of subgenus. (2) (bot.) an hierarchical rank between genus and section. subgrex, [subgr.]: (cult. pl., unoff.) proposed as a subcategory of grex (q.v.). subjective: depending on judgement, a matter of individual opinion; in contrast to objective (q.v.). subjective synonym: (1) (zool.) each of two or more names whose synonymy is only a matter of individual opinion, i.e. it is not objective.(2) (bot.) a heterotypic synonym; see also taxonomic synonym. subjectively invalid: (zool.) of a name which, in the opinion of an author, is not to be applied to a particular taxon because it is a junior subjective synonym, nomen dubium, junior secondary homonym, or conditionally suppressed. subnatio: (zool., obsol.) a proposed category below natio (q.v.).
189 The naming of organisms (and plant communities) suborder, [subordo]: (1) a rank between order and family. (2) (bot., obsol.) once sometimes used as a equivalent to the rank of family when “order” was used as a family term; see order natural. subordinate taxon: a taxon at a lower rank than the taxon or the coordinate group (zool.) or rank (bot.) with which it is compared; subordinate taxa are considered to form a part or whole of a taxon of higher rank. subphylum: a rank in the taxonomic hierarchy immediately below that of phylum; a subdivision (q.v.). subprovarietas, [subprovar.]: (cult. pl., unoff.) proposed as a rank term between provarietas and conculta. subrace: (cult. pl., unoff.) proposed as a rank term approximately equivalent to form or group, and above that of cultivar. subsequent designation: the designation of a name-bearing type of a taxon published after the taxon was established (validly published). subsequent monotypy: (zool.) the situation arising when a nominal genus or subgenus was established before 1931 without any included nominal species, and when only a single taxonomic species denoted by an available name was first subsequently referred to it. subsequent spelling: (zool.) any spelling of an available name other than an original spelling. subspecies, [subsp., ssp.; pl. subspp., sspp.]: (1) (zool.) the species-group rank below species and the lowest rank at which names are regulated by the Code; a trinomen (q.v.). (2) (bot.) a rank between species and variety. (3) (prok.) the only formally recognized rank below that of species. subspecific epithet: (bot., prok.) the word following the indication of subspecies rank; the equivalent of a subspecific name (zool.). subspecific name: (zool.) the third name in a trinomen; the equivalent of a subspecific epithet (bot., prok.). subspecioid, [subspd., sspd.]: (cult. pl., unoff.) a subcategory of specioid between specioid and convar (or cultiplex), and equivalent to subspecies in wild plants.
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TERMS USED IN BIONOMENCLATURE: The
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Contents ABSTRACT .................
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Hawksworth 9 Introduction Terms use
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Hawksworth 11 employed, used outsid
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Hawksworth 13 The Codes All organis
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Hawksworth 15 Howell BF (1929) Defi
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Hawksworth 17
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19 The naming of organisms (and pla
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