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161 The naming of organisms (and plant communities)
protected name, [nomen protectum, nom. prot.]: (1) (bio.) a listed name
and its coordinate names treated as if conserved against earlier
homonyms and unlisted competing synonyms. (2) (bot., unoff.)
suggested to indicate the status of names on a List of names in
Current use (NCU) approved by an International Botanical
Congress; i.e. names protected against earlier homonyms and
competing names with the orthography, authority, place and date of
publication, and typification as listed. (3) (zool.) a name which has
been given precedence over its unused senior synonym or senior
homonym relegated to the status of nomen oblitum.
proterotype: (1) (zool., unoff., obsol.) a primary type (q.v.). (2) (zool.,
unoff.) all the original specimens collected at one time from which
the type(s) were selected.
protograph: (1) (zool., unoff.) the original illustrations illustrating a
holotype, i.e. those appearing in the protologue. (2) (zool. unoff.) the
single illustration of a primary type made by the author of the name
at the time of its original description.
protologue, [prolotog]: everything associated with a name when it was
first established (phyl.), validly published (bot., prok.), or made
available (zool.), or in the publication in which it is eligible for
establishment (bio.); e.g. description, diagnosis, phylogenetic
definition, registration number, designation of type, illustrations,
references, synonymy, geographical data, specimen citations, and
comments.
protonym: an effectively but not validly published name, especially of one
taken up and validly published at a later date; not generally used of
devalidated names.
protoplastotype: (zool., unoff.) the cast of a proterotype (q.v.).
prototype, [prototypus]: (1) (zool., unoff.) a primary type or proterotype
(q.v.). (2) (not nomenclatural, obsol.) the most primitive
representative of a group; most often used for a hypothetical
ancestor; see archaetype. (3) (bot., obsol.) used by Linnaeus for
groups he considered to have been originally made by God, the
principal ones being roughly equivalent to natural orders.