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151 The naming of organisms (and plant communities)
phylogenetic definition: (phyl.) a statement explicitly linking a taxon name
with a particular clade.
phylogenetic hypothesis: (phyl.) a proposition about the relationships
among biological entities (e.g. species) in terms of common
ancestry.
phylogenetic system: (phyl.) of nomenclature, an integrated set of
principles and rules governing the naming of taxa and the
application of taxon names that is based on the principle of common
descent; see PhyloCode.
phylogenetic tree: (phyl.) the diagrammatic representation of phylogeny as
a tree in the sense of a minimally connected graph (number of
branches = number of nodes minus one).
phylogeny: (phyl.) evolutionary history; the history of descent with
modification, whether in general or a particular part thereof; the
term is also sometimes used for a hypothesis of phylogenetic
relationships, e.g. reference phylogeny (q.v.); cfr tokogeny.
phylotype: (prok., unoff.) a phylogenetically identifiable taxon, i.e. one
with a molecular signature indicating its placement in a
phylogenetic tree.
physiological race, [physiologic race]: (mycol., prok., unoff.) an
infraspecific category for strains distinguished by physiological
traits, especially the ability to grow on particular hosts; see pathovar,
special form.
physiological variety: see chemical race.
phytocoenosis [pl. phytocoenoses]: (phyt.) the plant community in a
particular locality, ecosystem, or biome; such units are not
themselves considered as syntaxa under the Code.
phytotaxoid, [phytotaxd.; pl. phytotaxoides.]: (cult. pl., unoff.) a
collective designation proposed for individual taxonomic categories
for the systematic classification of cultivated plants; suggested as an
equivalent term to taxon (q.v.) but restricted to cultivated plants; see
taxoid, zootaxoid.
phytotaxon, [phytotax.; pl. phytotaxa]: (bot., unoff.) a taxon of plants.