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mice, hepatocellular carcinoma incidence was increased. The increase in incidence was found to be
dose-related (p < 0.05).
Table 1.
Incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma in male and female B6C3F 1 mice and F344 rats
fed diet containing DEHP (NTP, 1982).
species treatment 1 hepatocellular carcinoma incidence
(ppm in diet) male female
F344 rats 0 3/50 0/50
6,000 6/49 2/49
12,000 12/49 2 8/50 3
B6C3F 1 mice 0 9/50 0/50
3,000 14/48 7/50 3
6,000 19/50 2 17/50 4
1 Fischer F344 rats were treated with 0, 6000, or 12000 ppm DEHP in their diet for 103 weeks.
B6C3F 1 mice were treated with 0, 3000, or 6000 ppm DEHP in their diet for 103 weeks. Survivors
were sacrificed after 105 weeks.
2 p < 0.05.
3 p < 0.01.
4 p < 0.001.
Carpenter et al. (1953) maintained 2 month old Sherman rats (32/sex/group) on a diet containing 0,
400, 1300, or 4000 ppm DEHP up to two years. Animals were sacrificed at one year with the
exception of a subgroup of a maximum of 8 rats/sex/dose which were exposed for an additional year.
A group of 80 F 1 generation rats, the progeny of females in the highest dose group exposed for more
than 120 days, were exposed for one year to diet containing 4000 ppm DEHP. Survivors were
sacrificed after one year. No malignant tumors were observed among treated animals. Three rats in the
4000 ppm DEHP dose group, four in the 1300 dose group, two in the 400 ppm dose group, and five in
the control group were reported to have benign tumors. Two benign tumors in the treated F 1 rats (vs.
one in the control group) had benign tumors. Mortality at two years was reported to be 70.3% among
control animals and between 60 and 70% among the treated groups. Poor survival of animals
precluded evaluation of carcinogenicity from this study.
Carpenter et al. (1953) also treated hybrid guinea pigs (~23/sex/dose) with diet containing 0, 1300, or
4000 ppm DEHP for 1 year, at which time animals were sacrificed. Survival among exposed animals
was decreased. No carcinogenic effects were observed.
Carpenter et al. (1953) also treated 4 dogs with gelatin capsules containing a volume of 0.03 ml/kg
body weight DEHP five days per week for 19 doses, then with 0.06 ml/kg body weight DEHP for 240
doses. Four control animals were also included in the study. No tumors were observed in treated or
control animals.
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