home edit2 whole TSD November 2002 PDF format - OEHHA

Table 1 (continued):
Reference
Siemiatycki et
al. 1988
Canada
Bender et al.
1989
USA
Kauppinen et
al., 1993
Finland
Study Design,
Population, and
Exposures
Case-control
Lung cell types
among
DE exposed:
Oat cell
Squamous cell
Adenocarcinoma
Other
Total
DE-exposed
occupations
minus mining:
Cohort
State highway
workers
Case-control
Engine exhaust
exposure:
Any exposure > 1
month
1 month - 5 years
> 5 years
Epidemiological Studies of Exposure to Diesel Exhaust and Lung Cancer
(Additional Studies Other Than Those Listed In Above Categories).
Cases
or
deaths
34
81
28
34
177
70
NP
8
5
3
Effect
Measure
OR
1.1
1.2
0.9
1.0
1.1
SMR
Confidence a
Interval or
P-Value
0.8-1.5**
1.0-1.5**
0.6-1.2**
0.8-1.4**
0.8-1.5**
0.69 0.52 – 0.90
OR
1.7
0.39
2.21
0.55-5.20**
0.05-2.94**
0.65-7.48**
Comments
This population-based case-control study provided
information on the association between several
cancer types and 10 types of exhaust and
combustion products. Interviews were carried out
for 3,726 cancer patients, aged 35 to 70, diagnosed in
any of 19 participating Montreal area hospitals.
Each type of cancer was a case series; reference
groups were selected from among the other cancer
patients interviewed. Results reported are adjusted
for smoking, socioeconomic status, ethnic group
and several other potential confounders. Authors
noted that the excess lung cancers were concentrated
among mine and quarry workers.
**Authors reported 90% confidence intervals.
Cohort consisted of Minnesota highway workers
employed for a minimum of one year and working at
least one day after January 1, 1945. Mortality
was compared to state rates. No data were available
on smoking. Overall mortality was significantly
lower than the expected, SMR = 0.83
(95% C.I. = 0.73-0.94).
Nested case-control study of woodworkers in
Finland consisted of 136 lung cancer cases diagnosed
between 1957 to 1982 and 408 matched
controls. Original cohort consisted of 7,307 workers
from 35 factories. Multiple chemical exposures were
analyzed for, including engine exhaust (combination
of diesel and gasoline engines). Smoking, age, and
other chemical exposures were adjusted for;
however, only a small number of individuals were
categorized as having been exposed to engine
exhaust.
**Authors reported 90% confidence intervals.
a 95% Confidence intervals unless noted. N.S.= Not significant. No confidence intervals or p-values
reported in original study. NP = not presented. DE = Diesel Exhaust, OR = Odds Ratio, RR =
Relative Risk, SIR = Standardized Incidence Ratio, SMR = Standardized Mortality Ratio
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