JP 3-01 Countering Air and Missile Threats - Defense Innovation ...

Combat Identification
a. ID Matrix Use Versus Implementation of TDL Track ID/Classification. Track
ID/classification data shared over a TDL may not support the CID process. Planners must
consider how the IDs are determined and entered into the track ID/classification system (e.g.,
a TDL) that portrays a particular track throughout the C2 systems. The JICO cell planners
should provide a list of ID classifications (e.g., unknown, friendly, hostile, neutral) to be
used on the TDL.
(1) The ID matrix must take into consideration the limitations inherent in the
employed systems that will implement the ID procedures. Once the set of track symbols is
determined, the use of terminology for these symbols must be aligned. Each JFC should
have ID criteria that include brevity code terms. For example, pay particular attention to the
“bandit” codeword versus the system track symbol for “hostile.” An enemy aircraft with a
TDL tracking symbol for hostile could be called a “bandit” (ID as enemy not authorized to
engage) or called a “hostile” (ID as enemy with authority to engage). The AADC should
ensure only those specific voice brevity terms approved by the JFC for authority to engage
are used throughout the CID process.
(2) Build the ID matrix to the lowest common denominator, that is, what everyone
can classify/transmit/receive/forward to support the shooter. This will reduce the risk of
missed targets and fratricide.
b. ID Criteria. ID criteria are used for application of ROE. The ROE supports CID
criteria for an engagement decision dependent upon weapon systems capabilities. The
AADC is responsible for recommending DCA ROE and developing ID and engagement
criteria for JFC approval in the AADP, with specific instructions in the ATO and/or SPINS.
c. Positive ID Methods
(1) IFF Modes (1-5 per the ATO/SPINS).
(2) PPLI.
(3) A radar contact correlated with an authenticated/secure voice (position) report
from an air or ground control agency.
(4) External/onboard CID systems (e.g., blue force tracker or noncooperative target
recognition).
(5) Visual ID.
d. Positive ID Considerations
(1) Positive ID is an ID derived from visual observation and/or electronic systems,
possibly combined with other factors (e.g., point of origin), with a higher confidence of
accuracy than a simple lack of friend or lack of enemy. Positive ID criteria, as established by
the commander’s ROE, are a basis for CID for engagement (shoot/no-shoot) decisions, so it
is useable for ID for airspace control and AD tracking. When available, positive ID is used
because it provides the most rapid, reliable, and transferable means of ID. Most enemy
A-3