Architecture and management of a geological repository - Andra

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4 – Waste disposal PackagesIn the United States [52], the "Yucca Mountain" project envisages a container consisting of twoconcentric envelopes, an internal one made of 50 mm thick stainless steel, to guarantee mechanicalstrength, and an outer envelope made of 20 mm thick nickel alloy (Inconel 22), to ensure resistanceagainst corrosion. These materials meet the physicochemical environmental conditions specific to theYucca Mountain project. This container, which is larger than the Andra one, (diameter) could holdseveral primary packages of waste (HLW) equivalent to vitrified C waste.4.2.3 Description, performanceThis section describes the design parameters of the selected solution in greater detail. It justifies thedimensions with respect to the durability performance required, and shows that the object iscompatible with the handling processes.4.2.3.1 Detailed descriptionTwo disposal packages, of standard dimensions, can be used to cover all the primary packages of Cwaste presented in chapter 3:- a so-called "short" geometry (1291 millimetres long, for an overall diameter of 655 millimetres)corresponds to C0.1 (PIVER vitrified waste) and C0.3 (AVM vitrified waste) type packages.- a so-called "long" geometry (1 607 millimetres long for an overall diameter of 590 millimetres)corresponds to C0.2 type packages (CSD-V R7/T7 /UMo), and C1 to C4 from the La Haguefactories.The mass of these disposal packages varies between 1 645 kilogram (package type C0.1) and1 965 kilograms (package type C0.2 and C1 to C4). This mass includes the primary package and allthe over-pack constituents, described in detail below.• The bodyThe body of the over-pack consists of a cylindrical shell with an effective thickness of 55 millimetres,used to ensure a water-tightness for a millennium (see below). This envelope is fitted with ceramicsliding runners. If these sliding runners are embedded, the thickness of the envelope will be increasedby 10 millimetres, to avoid degrading the integrity of the effective thickness. The base has an effectivethickness of 77 or 83 millimetres depending on the type of package. It can be manufactured in a singlepiece, without welding, so that the body has a built-in base.After comparing various possible grades 39 , the material chosen was non-alloy steel type P235. Its lowcarbon content gives it good weldability. Its structure is not very sensitive to cold-cracking duringwelding, because of its low elastic limit. It does not require preheating or heat treatment before or afterwelding. Although it is a commonly used steel, its mechanical characteristics are adequate to ensurethe object's mechanical strength. Finally, its mechanical characteristics are favourable to controllingcertain risks (particularly corrosion under stress and hydrogen embrittlement).• The lidThe lid is made of the same grade of steel as the body. It is thicker than the base because its effectivethickness is increased by about 100 millimetres to create a handling interface. This handling interfaceconsists of a machined groove to enable the over-pack to be gripped by a grab. A hollow shapeprovides a greater weight-bearing area and consequently better load distribution than a "mushroom"type protruding shape. The internal shape of the lid, shown in Figure 4.2.2 match the upper profile ofthe primary package to help limit the void fraction.39Including, in particular, low-alloy steel 16MnD5 used for pressurised water reactor tanks.DOSSIER 2005 ARGILE -ARCHITECTURE AND MANAGEMENT OF A GEOLOGICAL DISPOSAL SYSTEM134/495
4 – Waste disposal PackagesFigure 4.2.2Details of the disposal package lid (C0.2, C1 to C4 R7/T7)• Ceramic sliding runnersThe over-pack is fitted with ceramicsliding runners installedlongitudinally. Each sliding runnermay consist of a metallic part coatedwith a fine layer of ceramic, or be asolid ceramic block. The slidingrunners are fitted to the over-pack intwo sets of six. Each set has anangular offset of 30 degrees, as shownin Figure 4.2.3. The sliding runnersare mounted so that when there ispressure on the sleeve intrados, threesliding runners are always in directcontact with the cell sleeve.Figure 4.2.3Sliding runners distributionDOSSIER 2005 ARGILE -ARCHITECTURE AND MANAGEMENT OF A GEOLOGICAL DISPOSAL SYSTEM135/495
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Report SeriesTomeArchitectureand ma
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C.RP.ADP.04.00013/495ContentsConten
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C.RP.ADP.04.00015/4955.3.2 Design p
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C.RP.ADP.04.00017/4959.2.3 The tran
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C.RP.ADP.04.00019/495Bibliographic
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C.RP.ADP.04.000111/495Table of illu
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C.RP.ADP.04.000113/495Figure 4.3.8
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C.RP.ADP.04.000115/495Figure 5.3.9F
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C.RP.ADP.04.000117/495Figure 9.2.2
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C.RP.ADP.04.000119/495Figure 10.4.8
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C.RP.ADP.04.000121/495Table 11.6.1T
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1 - The Study Approach1.1 Purpose o
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1 - The Study ApproachFrom 1999 to
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1 - The Study Approach1.4 Structure
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2 - General DescriptionThis chapter
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2 - General DescriptionHLLL waste p
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2 - General DescriptionFor a transi
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2 - General DescriptionIt should al
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2 - General Description2.2.2.2 Safe
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2 - General DescriptionThe protecti
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2 - General DescriptionIt should al
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2 - General DescriptionThis section
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2 - General Descriptionfollowing th
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2 - General Description2.3.2.2 Geoc
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2 - General DescriptionFigure 2.3.5
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2 - General DescriptionIn the Dogge
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2 - General Description• A dimens
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2 - General Description2.4.1.2 Desi
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2 - General Description- some conne
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2 - General DescriptionAs for the w
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2 - General DescriptionThe figure b
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33High-level long-lived waste3.1 Wa
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3 - High Level Long-Lived WasteRese
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3 - High Level Long-Lived Wastesupp
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3 - High Level Long-Lived WasteThe
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3 - High Level Long-Lived WasteFigu
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Page 105 and 106: 44Waste disposal packages4.1 B disp
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5 - Repository Modules• The acces
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5 - Repository ModulesFigure 5.1.24
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5 - Repository Modules• Limiting
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5 - Repository Modules5.2.2 Design
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5 - Repository ModulesA concept wit
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5 - Repository Modules• Orientati
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5 - Repository ModulesFigure 5.2.3O
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5 - Repository Modules5.2.3.1 Descr
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5 - Repository ModulesA minimum ann
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5 - Repository ModulesIn terms of t
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5 - Repository ModulesStorage perio
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5 - Repository ModulesSensitivity t
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5 - Repository ModulesIt must be no
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5 - Repository Modules• Disposal
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5 - Repository Modules• Assembly
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5 - Repository ModulesThe permeabil
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5 - Repository ModulesThe evolution
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5 - Repository ModulesThe lowest dr
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5 - Repository Modules• Back-fill
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5 - Repository Modules5.3.2.1 Sever
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5 - Repository ModulesFigure 5.3.4S
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5 - Repository ModulesThe cells are
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5 - Repository ModulesFinally, it s
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5 - Repository ModulesThe internal
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5 - Repository Modules• Descripti
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5 - Repository Modules- another pos
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66 Overall undergroundarchitecture6
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6 - Overall underground architectur
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7 - The shafts and the driftsThe co
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7 - The shafts and the drifts7.2.2
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7 - The shafts and the driftsFigure
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7 - The shafts and the drifts7.3.3.
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7 - The shafts and the drifts7.4 De
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7 - The shafts and the driftsThe dr
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7 - The shafts and the drifts7.7 Cl
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7 - The shafts and the driftspressu
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88Surface installations8.1 General
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8 - Surface installationsFigure 8.1
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8 - Surface installationsSuch a bui
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8 - Surface installationsApart from
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9 - Nuclear operating resources in
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1010 Reversible repositorymanagemen
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During the operational phase, the d
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Figure 10.1.1Key repository operati
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The radioactive elements can thus b
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Furthermore, equipment and liner ma
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The condition of the access drifts
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The sleeve’s durability is improv
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10.2.2.2 “Post cell-sealing” st
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As far as long-term safety is conce
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Figure 10.2.10Diagrammatic represen
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10.3.1.1 Overview of the principal
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10.3.2.2 Monitoring of type C waste
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The project’s monitoring programm
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• Absence of a significant impact
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Dams are of particular interest whe
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The rate of operation of these sens
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• Water contentThe water content
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A similar wireless transmission tec
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Figure 10.3.9Example of monitoring
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In addition, a visual control syste
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Cell atmosphere monitoring is limit
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The monitoring of the seal can be c
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• The instrumented sections and t
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The deformation measurements carrie
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10.3.9 Observation of spent fuel di
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These instrumented sections (cf. §
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The monitoring equipment embedded i
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the cell which conditions the evolu
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Figure 10.4.2Cell filled with B pac
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Ventilation of a 250-m long cell re
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• Package retrieval processOnce t
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Figure 10.4.10C Cell at end of oper
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The robot is traversed similarly to
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This operation is complete when a b
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The condition of the drift liner sh
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1111 Operational Safety11.1 Evaluat
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11 - Operational SafetyTransport tr
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11 - Operational SafetyTable 11.1.1
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11 - Operational SafetyResultsTable
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11 - Operational SafetyThe risks ar
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11 - Operational SafetyOn the surfa
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11 - Operational Safety“Honeycomb
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11 - Operational SafetyGiven the me
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11 - Operational SafetyThis risk co
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11 - Operational SafetyHydrogen emi
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11 - Operational SafetyOver and abo
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11 - Operational SafetyFigure 11.4.
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11 - Operational SafetyHowever, wit
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11 - Operational Safety11.5.2 Concl
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11 - Operational Safety11.7.1 Asses
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11 - Operational SafetySuch a damag
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11 - Operational Safety11.8.1.2 Dat
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11 - Operational SafetyIn all cases
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1212 Synthesis12.1 Simple and robus
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12 - SynthesisThe existence of unce
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12 - SynthesisTo concretely illustr
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Bibliographic references[17] Callon
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Bibliographic references[54] Andra
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Bibliographic references[88] IAEA (
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Photo Credits:ANDRA - AREVA CREATIV
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Architecture and management of a geological repository - Andra

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