Architecture and management of a geological repository - Andra

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5 – Repository ModulesIf the packages are further away from each other, there is a spacing distance (thermal decouplingvalue) as of which the thermal load per linear metre in the useful part is such that it is possible to placean infinite number of packages in a cell of length presumed to be infinite. It then becomes possible toadopt the longest possible cell length, given technological, construction and handling considerations.This length was set at a reasonable value of 40 metres (including 30 metres useful length) for all typeC packages.The role of the spacers is to achieve a situation in which there is "thermal decoupling" of the packages.As long as the packages are "thermally coupled" their number and the length of the cell are limited inorder to meet thermal criteria. "Thermal decoupling" corresponds to a package spacing configurationfor which it is thermally possible to adopt the maximum cell length (defined by technological criteria).Inter-axial distance between C waste cellsThe inter-axial distance between cells has a major influence on the scale of the repository installationsin that it enables the number of packages contained in the cell to be optimised. The number ofpackages that can be arranged in a cell in compliance with the thermal criteria rises as the spacebetween cells increases. The studies show that when this spacing increases from the minimum value(which for geotechnical reasons is about five times the diameter of the cell), the footprint of theinstallations drops, reaches a minimum and then increases again. The inter-axial distance betweencells is therefore a parameter to be optimised.• Results of thermal design and sensitivity to important parametersThe results of the thermal design can be expressed in terms of variations in the geometricalcharacteristics of the installations as a function of the preliminary storage period. The repositorymodule architectures presented here are calculated for a preliminary storage period of 60 years for C1and C2 packages and 70 years for C3 and C4 packages. This corresponds to "earliest possible"disposal: the packages are separated by thermal decoupling spacers.For C0 packages (which are stored for at least 20 years), the architecture corresponds to the "mostcompact" repository: the number of packages contained in the cell is maximum (18 or 22 juxtaposedpackages) and the inter-axial distance between two cells is close to the minimum determined by thegeotechnical considerations.For these preliminary storage periods, the thermal design enables the following geometricalparameters to be determined (see Figure 5.2.13):- inter-axial distance between two adjacent cells (or the pitch Px),- the number (N) and spacing of the packages they contain (linked to the useful length of the cell,Lua, and the number N of packages),- the distance between cell ends (the pitch Dy).- The footprint per emplaced package can then be easily deduced.DOSSIER 2005 ARGILE -ARCHITECTURE AND MANAGEMENT OF A GEOLOGICAL DISPOSAL SYSTEM208/495
5 – Repository ModulesFigure 5.2.13Thermal design geometrical parametersThe results are given in Table 5.2.2.Table 5.2.2C waste package footprintType of waste package C0 (AVM) C0 (R 7/T7) C1 C2 C3 C4Age (years): preliminary storage period 20 20 60 60 70 70Horizontal footprint (m 2 /package) 20 25 80 85 103 115N: number of packages per cell 22 18 8 7 7 6Px (m): inter-axial distance betweencells8.5 8.5 12 11 13.5 13Dy (m): distance between cell ends 20 20 20 20 20 20Lua (m): useful length of cell 30 30 30 30 30 30Pc (m): pitch between packages 0 0 2.4 3.1 3.1 4.0DOSSIER 2005 ARGILE -ARCHITECTURE AND MANAGEMENT OF A GEOLOGICAL DISPOSAL SYSTEM209/495
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Report SeriesTomeArchitectureand ma
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C.RP.ADP.04.00013/495ContentsConten
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C.RP.ADP.04.00015/4955.3.2 Design p
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C.RP.ADP.04.00017/4959.2.3 The tran
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C.RP.ADP.04.00019/495Bibliographic
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C.RP.ADP.04.000111/495Table of illu
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C.RP.ADP.04.000113/495Figure 4.3.8
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C.RP.ADP.04.000115/495Figure 5.3.9F
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C.RP.ADP.04.000117/495Figure 9.2.2
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C.RP.ADP.04.000119/495Figure 10.4.8
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C.RP.ADP.04.000121/495Table 11.6.1T
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1 - The Study Approach1.1 Purpose o
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1 - The Study ApproachFrom 1999 to
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1 - The Study Approach1.4 Structure
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2 - General DescriptionThis chapter
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2 - General DescriptionHLLL waste p
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2 - General DescriptionFor a transi
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2 - General DescriptionIt should al
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2 - General Description2.2.2.2 Safe
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2 - General DescriptionThe protecti
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2 - General DescriptionIt should al
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2 - General DescriptionThis section
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2 - General Descriptionfollowing th
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2 - General Description2.3.2.2 Geoc
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2 - General DescriptionFigure 2.3.5
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2 - General DescriptionIn the Dogge
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2 - General Description• A dimens
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2 - General Description2.4.1.2 Desi
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2 - General Description- some conne
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2 - General DescriptionAs for the w
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2 - General DescriptionThe figure b
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33High-level long-lived waste3.1 Wa
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3 - High Level Long-Lived WasteRese
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3 - High Level Long-Lived Wastesupp
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3 - High Level Long-Lived WasteThe
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3 - High Level Long-Lived WasteFigu
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3 - High Level Long-Lived WasteA fi
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3 - High Level Long-Lived WasteA se
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3 - High Level Long-Lived WasteVitr
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3 - High Level Long-Lived WasteCond
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3 - High Level Long-Lived WasteDist
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3 - High Level Long-Lived Waste3.3.
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3 - High Level Long-Lived WasteTabl
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44Waste disposal packages4.1 B disp
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4 - Waste disposal PackagesFor empl
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4 - Waste disposal Packages• Safe
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4 - Waste disposal Packages• "Par
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4 - Waste disposal PackagesThe prin
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4 - Waste disposal PackagesThe seco
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4 - Waste disposal PackagesFigure 4
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4 - Waste disposal Packages4.1.5 Th
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4 - Waste disposal Packages4.1.5.7
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4 - Waste disposal PackagesIn the c
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4 - Waste disposal PackagesFinally,
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4 - Waste disposal PackagesThe YAG
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4 - Waste disposal PackagesIn the U
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4 - Waste disposal PackagesThe spee
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4 - Waste disposal Packages4.2.4 Ma
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4 - Waste disposal PackagesLoadSlid
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4 - Waste disposal Packages4.3 Spen
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4 - Waste disposal PackagesThe seco
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4 - Waste disposal PackagesFor both
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4 - Waste disposal Packages• Safe
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4 - Waste disposal PackagesAs for C
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4 - Waste disposal PackagesMelted c
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Page 191 and 192: 5 - Repository Modules• Limiting
Page 193 and 194: 5 - Repository Modules5.2.2 Design
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7 - The shafts and the driftsThe co
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7 - The shafts and the drifts7.2.2
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7 - The shafts and the driftsFigure
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7 - The shafts and the drifts7.3.3.
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7 - The shafts and the drifts7.4 De
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7 - The shafts and the driftsThe dr
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7 - The shafts and the drifts7.7 Cl
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7 - The shafts and the driftspressu
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88Surface installations8.1 General
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8 - Surface installationsFigure 8.1
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8 - Surface installationsSuch a bui
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8 - Surface installationsApart from
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9 - Nuclear operating resources in
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1010 Reversible repositorymanagemen
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During the operational phase, the d
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Figure 10.1.1Key repository operati
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The radioactive elements can thus b
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Furthermore, equipment and liner ma
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The condition of the access drifts
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The sleeve’s durability is improv
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10.2.2.2 “Post cell-sealing” st
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As far as long-term safety is conce
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Figure 10.2.10Diagrammatic represen
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10.3.1.1 Overview of the principal
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10.3.2.2 Monitoring of type C waste
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The project’s monitoring programm
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• Absence of a significant impact
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Dams are of particular interest whe
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The rate of operation of these sens
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• Water contentThe water content
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A similar wireless transmission tec
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Figure 10.3.9Example of monitoring
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In addition, a visual control syste
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Cell atmosphere monitoring is limit
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The monitoring of the seal can be c
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• The instrumented sections and t
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The deformation measurements carrie
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10.3.9 Observation of spent fuel di
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These instrumented sections (cf. §
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The monitoring equipment embedded i
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the cell which conditions the evolu
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Figure 10.4.2Cell filled with B pac
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Ventilation of a 250-m long cell re
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• Package retrieval processOnce t
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Figure 10.4.10C Cell at end of oper
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The robot is traversed similarly to
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This operation is complete when a b
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The condition of the drift liner sh
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1111 Operational Safety11.1 Evaluat
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11 - Operational SafetyTransport tr
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11 - Operational SafetyTable 11.1.1
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11 - Operational SafetyResultsTable
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11 - Operational SafetyThe risks ar
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11 - Operational SafetyOn the surfa
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11 - Operational Safety“Honeycomb
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11 - Operational SafetyGiven the me
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11 - Operational SafetyThis risk co
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11 - Operational SafetyHydrogen emi
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11 - Operational SafetyOver and abo
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11 - Operational SafetyFigure 11.4.
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11 - Operational SafetyHowever, wit
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11 - Operational Safety11.5.2 Concl
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11 - Operational Safety11.7.1 Asses
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11 - Operational SafetySuch a damag
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11 - Operational Safety11.8.1.2 Dat
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11 - Operational SafetyIn all cases
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1212 Synthesis12.1 Simple and robus
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12 - SynthesisThe existence of unce
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12 - SynthesisTo concretely illustr
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Bibliographic references[17] Callon
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Bibliographic references[54] Andra
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Bibliographic references[88] IAEA (
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Photo Credits:ANDRA - AREVA CREATIV
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