Architecture and management of a geological repository - Andra

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11 – Operational Safety11.9 Synthesis of the analysisThe risk analysis performed covers the industrial activities of construction, operation and closure ofthe repository of long-lived radioactive wastes. Conducted together with the design studies, thepurpose of this analysis at this stage in the project’s study is to give technical orientations and proposetested measures to reduce risks guaranteeing reliable operation and allowing the operational safetyfunctions defined by Andra to be satisfied. This systematically conducted analysis has benefitted fromfeedback from existing industrial installations.The assessment of the dosimetry with the installations in operation showed that the doses received bythe personnel and the public would be less than the annual requirements set by Andra, that is, 5 mSvfor the workers and 0.25 mSv for the public.The risk analysis made a distinction between conventional risks, traditionally encountered in anyindustrial installation, the risks related to waste packages, and the risks related to the environmentoutside the repository.In the surface installations, conventional risks exist at a more or less high degree throughout thevarious disposal activities. These are mainly crushing risks (fall of handled loads, being hit by avehicle, …), fall risks related to work at heights, electrization risks, as well as the risk of fire... Theserisks do not justify additional studies at this stage, but will have to be carefully considered during thedetailed design of the facilities and of their equipment.In the underground installations, these risks are also present. Among them, the risk of fire was coveredby an additional study considering its influence on the design of the installations. This study ensuredthat the solutions recommended for the design of the infrastructures and their operation would allowevacuating people under satisfactory safety conditions.The risks related to the waste packages are mainly radiological risks. They are present during theoperating activity of the repository and to a lesser extent during the closure activity. These risks maybe associated with radiological protection defects, with interventions performed in the vicinity of aradioactive source, as well as a fire or a fall affecting the packages themselves. The consideredarrangements which benefit from feedback from similar industrial installations allow these risks to becontrolled.The risks related to the repository environment (earthquake, weather conditions, airplane crash, …),estimated based on the usual practices of French nuclear installations and taking into account the localcharacteristics of the site, do not raise any specific problems.The operational safety analysis conducted did not reveal at this stage elements which could jepoardisethe technical feasibility of the construction and operation, the closure of the repository and itsreversible management by steps (with, in particular, the possibility of reversing the disposal process).DOSSIER 2005 ARGILE -ARCHITECTURE AND MANAGEMENT OF A GEOLOGICAL DISPOSAL SYSTEM482/495
1212 Synthesis12.1 Simple and robust technical options ............................................................................48412.2 The reversibility rationale taken into account in the architecture............................48512.3 Safety in the architecture ..............................................................................................48612.4 Outlook ...........................................................................................................................486DOSSIER 2005 ARGILE -ARCHITECTURE AND MANAGEMENT OF A GEOLOGICAL DISPOSAL SYSTEM483/495
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Report SeriesTomeArchitectureand ma
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C.RP.ADP.04.00013/495ContentsConten
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C.RP.ADP.04.00015/4955.3.2 Design p
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C.RP.ADP.04.00017/4959.2.3 The tran
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C.RP.ADP.04.00019/495Bibliographic
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C.RP.ADP.04.000111/495Table of illu
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C.RP.ADP.04.000113/495Figure 4.3.8
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C.RP.ADP.04.000115/495Figure 5.3.9F
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C.RP.ADP.04.000117/495Figure 9.2.2
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C.RP.ADP.04.000119/495Figure 10.4.8
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C.RP.ADP.04.000121/495Table 11.6.1T
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1 - The Study Approach1.1 Purpose o
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1 - The Study ApproachFrom 1999 to
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1 - The Study Approach1.4 Structure
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2 - General DescriptionThis chapter
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2 - General DescriptionHLLL waste p
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2 - General DescriptionFor a transi
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2 - General DescriptionIt should al
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2 - General Description2.2.2.2 Safe
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2 - General DescriptionThe protecti
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2 - General DescriptionIt should al
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2 - General DescriptionThis section
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2 - General Descriptionfollowing th
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2 - General Description2.3.2.2 Geoc
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2 - General DescriptionFigure 2.3.5
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2 - General DescriptionIn the Dogge
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2 - General Description• A dimens
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2 - General Description2.4.1.2 Desi
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2 - General Description- some conne
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2 - General DescriptionAs for the w
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2 - General DescriptionThe figure b
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33High-level long-lived waste3.1 Wa
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3 - High Level Long-Lived WasteRese
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3 - High Level Long-Lived Wastesupp
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3 - High Level Long-Lived WasteThe
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3 - High Level Long-Lived WasteFigu
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3 - High Level Long-Lived WasteA fi
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3 - High Level Long-Lived WasteA se
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3 - High Level Long-Lived WasteVitr
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3 - High Level Long-Lived WasteCond
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3 - High Level Long-Lived WasteDist
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3 - High Level Long-Lived Waste3.3.
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3 - High Level Long-Lived WasteTabl
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44Waste disposal packages4.1 B disp
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4 - Waste disposal PackagesFor empl
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4 - Waste disposal Packages• Safe
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4 - Waste disposal Packages• "Par
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4 - Waste disposal PackagesThe prin
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4 - Waste disposal PackagesThe seco
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4 - Waste disposal PackagesFigure 4
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4 - Waste disposal Packages4.1.5 Th
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4 - Waste disposal Packages4.1.5.7
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4 - Waste disposal PackagesIn the c
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4 - Waste disposal PackagesFinally,
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4 - Waste disposal PackagesThe YAG
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4 - Waste disposal PackagesIn the U
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4 - Waste disposal PackagesThe spee
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4 - Waste disposal Packages4.2.4 Ma
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4 - Waste disposal PackagesLoadSlid
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4 - Waste disposal Packages4.3 Spen
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4 - Waste disposal PackagesThe seco
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4 - Waste disposal PackagesFor both
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4 - Waste disposal Packages• Safe
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4 - Waste disposal PackagesAs for C
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4 - Waste disposal PackagesMelted c
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55Repository modules.5.1 B waste re
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5 - Repository Modules5.1.1.1 Quest
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5 - Repository Modules• Controlli
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5 - Repository ModulesFigure 5.1.1t
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5 - Repository Modules• The geome
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5 - Repository ModulesTable 5.1.1Fu
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5 - Repository ModulesFigure 5.1.9D
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5 - Repository Modules5.1.3.2 Detai
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5 - Repository Modules• Arrangeme
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5 - Repository ModulesAlthough this
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5 - Repository ModulesConnection be
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5 - Repository ModulesFurthermore,
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5 - Repository ModulesTo illustrate
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5 - Repository Modules• The acces
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5 - Repository ModulesFigure 5.1.24
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5 - Repository Modules• Limiting
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5 - Repository Modules5.2.2 Design
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5 - Repository ModulesA concept wit
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5 - Repository Modules• Orientati
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5 - Repository ModulesFigure 5.2.3O
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5 - Repository Modules5.2.3.1 Descr
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5 - Repository ModulesA minimum ann
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5 - Repository ModulesIn terms of t
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5 - Repository ModulesStorage perio
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5 - Repository ModulesSensitivity t
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5 - Repository ModulesIt must be no
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5 - Repository Modules• Disposal
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5 - Repository Modules• Assembly
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5 - Repository ModulesThe permeabil
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5 - Repository ModulesThe evolution
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5 - Repository ModulesThe lowest dr
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5 - Repository Modules• Back-fill
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5 - Repository Modules5.3.2.1 Sever
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5 - Repository ModulesFigure 5.3.4S
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5 - Repository ModulesThe cells are
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5 - Repository ModulesFinally, it s
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5 - Repository ModulesThe internal
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5 - Repository Modules• Descripti
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5 - Repository Modules- another pos
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66 Overall undergroundarchitecture6
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6 - Overall underground architectur
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7 - The shafts and the driftsThe co
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7 - The shafts and the drifts7.2.2
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7 - The shafts and the driftsFigure
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7 - The shafts and the drifts7.3.3.
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7 - The shafts and the drifts7.4 De
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7 - The shafts and the driftsThe dr
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7 - The shafts and the drifts7.7 Cl
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7 - The shafts and the driftspressu
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88Surface installations8.1 General
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8 - Surface installationsFigure 8.1
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8 - Surface installationsSuch a bui
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8 - Surface installationsApart from
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9 - Nuclear operating resources in
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1010 Reversible repositorymanagemen
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During the operational phase, the d
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Figure 10.1.1Key repository operati
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The radioactive elements can thus b
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Furthermore, equipment and liner ma
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The condition of the access drifts
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The sleeve’s durability is improv
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10.2.2.2 “Post cell-sealing” st
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As far as long-term safety is conce
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Figure 10.2.10Diagrammatic represen
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10.3.1.1 Overview of the principal
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10.3.2.2 Monitoring of type C waste
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The project’s monitoring programm
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• Absence of a significant impact
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Dams are of particular interest whe
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The rate of operation of these sens
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• Water contentThe water content
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A similar wireless transmission tec
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Figure 10.3.9Example of monitoring
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In addition, a visual control syste
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Cell atmosphere monitoring is limit
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The monitoring of the seal can be c
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• The instrumented sections and t
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The deformation measurements carrie
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10.3.9 Observation of spent fuel di
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These instrumented sections (cf. §
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The monitoring equipment embedded i
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the cell which conditions the evolu
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Figure 10.4.2Cell filled with B pac
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Ventilation of a 250-m long cell re
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• Package retrieval processOnce t
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Figure 10.4.10C Cell at end of oper
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The robot is traversed similarly to
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Page 435 and 436: 1111 Operational Safety11.1 Evaluat
Page 437 and 438: 11 - Operational SafetyTransport tr
Page 439 and 440: 11 - Operational SafetyTable 11.1.1
Page 441 and 442: 11 - Operational SafetyResultsTable
Page 443 and 444: 11 - Operational SafetyThe risks ar
Page 447 and 448: 11 - Operational SafetyOn the surfa
Page 449 and 450: 11 - Operational Safety“Honeycomb
Page 451 and 452: 11 - Operational SafetyGiven the me
Page 453 and 454: 11 - Operational SafetyThis risk co
Page 455 and 456: 11 - Operational SafetyHydrogen emi
Page 457 and 458: 11 - Operational SafetyOver and abo
Page 459 and 460: 11 - Operational SafetyFigure 11.4.
Page 463 and 464: 11 - Operational SafetyHowever, wit
Page 469 and 470: 11 - Operational Safety11.5.2 Concl
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Page 481: 11 - Operational SafetyIn all cases
Page 485 and 486: 12 - SynthesisThe existence of unce
Page 487: 12 - SynthesisTo concretely illustr
Page 490 and 491: Bibliographic references[17] Callon
Page 492 and 493: Bibliographic references[54] Andra
Page 494 and 495: Bibliographic references[88] IAEA (
Page 496 and 497: Photo Credits:ANDRA - AREVA CREATIV
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