Architecture and management of a geological repository - Andra

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5 – Repository ModulesFigure 5.2.8Detailed longitudinal section of the C cell (distorted proportions)Figure 5.2.9Cross-section of a cell for C1 to C4 type packagesThe thickness of the sleeve must guarantee the mechanical strength of the cell and support the toolthrust during excavation (see § 5.2.5). The strength calculations led to a pre-sizing thickness of25 mm.DOSSIER 2005 ARGILE -ARCHITECTURE AND MANAGEMENT OF A GEOLOGICAL DISPOSAL SYSTEM202/495
5 – Repository ModulesA minimum annular space is required between the sleeve and the ground. The maximum value, ofabout one centimetre at the radius, corresponds to a conservative recommendation from civilengineering and mining companies and includes a margin to prevent jamming at excavation. Thisannular space will have to be adjusted to the conditions observed (on-site tests will be necessary).Whatever its initial value, this annular space will eventually close up owing to subsequent deformation(or creep) of the ground.Functional clearance between package and sleeve allows handling to take place. A clearance of a fewcentimetres (3 cm at the diameter) is currently adopted by the studies. This is compatible withhandling of the packages by pushing on sliding runners.The sleeve could be inserted into the cell in sections 76 , about 2.5 to 3.0 metres in length. The length ofthese sections must be as great as possible in order to minimise the number of connections. A 3 mlength is today considered to be the maximum allowable given the dimensions of the access drift.The joins between sections must not generate any excess thickness either on the exterior of the sleeves(so that the sleeve can be more easily pushed in) nor on the interior (so that the packages can be moreeasily inserted into the sleeve). Screwed, clamped and welded joins are the techniques currentlyavailable and that comply with this requirement.Spacers are placed between the packages when the heat rating so demands. A spacer consists of ametal envelope fitted with handling devices identical to those of the packages, and an internal matrix.The nature of this internal matrix has not yet been defined and will have to offer a compromisebetween good thermal conductivity, chemical compatibility and mechanical strength.• Description of the cell head equipment (before sealing)The diameter and thickness of the temporary sleeve are identical to those of the permanent sleeve. Thejoin between the permanent and temporary sleeves could be an unwelded force-fit to facilitatedismantling.The function of the metal plug is to act as a shield against the β, γ and neutron radiation produced bythe packages. It is installed in the permanent sleeve after the last package has been emplaced in therepository (see section 5.2.6).At the head of the cell, a shielded trap door consisting of a metal frame sealed into the access driftliner and a vertical sliding gate, provides radiological protection when closed as well as docking of thehandling devices for package emplacement. The shielded trap door is designed to be partly recoveredand reused on other cells. It is then replaced by a leaktight cover isolating the cell before it is closed, inorder to limit gaseous exchanges and create conditions favourable to controlling corrosion within thecell.5.2.3.2 Description of the access driftThe access drift is first of all determined by the package handling needs during their emplacement inthe cell.On this basis, we used pessimistic design scenarios based on the available knowledge of the site. Oncemore detailed knowledge is acquired from actual sites, more favourable scenarios could be adopted.The exercise carried out shows that these drifts are technically feasible, even with the pessimisticscenarios considered. It results in a useful access drift width of about 6.40 m at mid-height, 4.50 m atslab level and a useful height of 4.50 m. The roof support laid at excavation of the drift comprises rockbolts 4 m long 77 and a 20 cm thickness of shotcrete. The lining, laid 6 months to one year afterexcavation of the drift, consists of concrete (B60) about one metre thick.7677The section in the dead-end (the first one inserted) could be equipped with a drive shoe. This shoe would be used for excavation and leftin-situ. See section 5.2.6.The bolting diagram could be modified at the cell locaitons. In any case, the size of the anchor bolts would be less than the length of theconcrete plug in the sealing zone.DOSSIER 2005 ARGILE -ARCHITECTURE AND MANAGEMENT OF A GEOLOGICAL DISPOSAL SYSTEM203/495
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Report SeriesTomeArchitectureand ma
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C.RP.ADP.04.00013/495ContentsConten
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C.RP.ADP.04.00015/4955.3.2 Design p
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C.RP.ADP.04.00017/4959.2.3 The tran
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C.RP.ADP.04.00019/495Bibliographic
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C.RP.ADP.04.000111/495Table of illu
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C.RP.ADP.04.000113/495Figure 4.3.8
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C.RP.ADP.04.000115/495Figure 5.3.9F
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C.RP.ADP.04.000117/495Figure 9.2.2
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C.RP.ADP.04.000119/495Figure 10.4.8
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C.RP.ADP.04.000121/495Table 11.6.1T
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1 - The Study Approach1.1 Purpose o
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1 - The Study ApproachFrom 1999 to
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1 - The Study Approach1.4 Structure
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2 - General DescriptionThis chapter
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2 - General DescriptionHLLL waste p
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2 - General DescriptionFor a transi
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2 - General DescriptionIt should al
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2 - General Description2.2.2.2 Safe
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2 - General DescriptionThe protecti
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2 - General DescriptionIt should al
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2 - General DescriptionThis section
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2 - General Descriptionfollowing th
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2 - General Description2.3.2.2 Geoc
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2 - General DescriptionFigure 2.3.5
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2 - General DescriptionIn the Dogge
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2 - General Description• A dimens
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2 - General Description2.4.1.2 Desi
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2 - General Description- some conne
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2 - General DescriptionAs for the w
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2 - General DescriptionThe figure b
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33High-level long-lived waste3.1 Wa
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3 - High Level Long-Lived WasteRese
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3 - High Level Long-Lived Wastesupp
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3 - High Level Long-Lived WasteThe
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3 - High Level Long-Lived WasteFigu
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3 - High Level Long-Lived WasteCond
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3 - High Level Long-Lived WasteDist
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3 - High Level Long-Lived Waste3.3.
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3 - High Level Long-Lived WasteTabl
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44Waste disposal packages4.1 B disp
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4 - Waste disposal PackagesFor empl
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4 - Waste disposal Packages• Safe
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4 - Waste disposal Packages• "Par
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4 - Waste disposal PackagesThe prin
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4 - Waste disposal PackagesThe seco
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4 - Waste disposal PackagesFigure 4
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4 - Waste disposal Packages4.1.5 Th
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4 - Waste disposal Packages4.1.5.7
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4 - Waste disposal PackagesIn the c
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4 - Waste disposal PackagesFinally,
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4 - Waste disposal PackagesThe YAG
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4 - Waste disposal PackagesIn the U
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4 - Waste disposal PackagesThe spee
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4 - Waste disposal Packages4.2.4 Ma
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4 - Waste disposal PackagesLoadSlid
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4 - Waste disposal Packages4.3 Spen
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4 - Waste disposal PackagesThe seco
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4 - Waste disposal PackagesFor both
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6 - Overall underground architectur
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7 - The shafts and the driftsThe co
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7 - The shafts and the drifts7.2.2
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7 - The shafts and the driftsFigure
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7 - The shafts and the drifts7.3.3.
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7 - The shafts and the drifts7.4 De
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7 - The shafts and the driftsThe dr
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7 - The shafts and the drifts7.7 Cl
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7 - The shafts and the driftspressu
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88Surface installations8.1 General
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8 - Surface installationsFigure 8.1
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8 - Surface installationsSuch a bui
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8 - Surface installationsApart from
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9 - Nuclear operating resources in
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1010 Reversible repositorymanagemen
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During the operational phase, the d
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Figure 10.1.1Key repository operati
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The radioactive elements can thus b
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Furthermore, equipment and liner ma
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The condition of the access drifts
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The sleeve’s durability is improv
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10.2.2.2 “Post cell-sealing” st
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As far as long-term safety is conce
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Figure 10.2.10Diagrammatic represen
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10.3.1.1 Overview of the principal
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10.3.2.2 Monitoring of type C waste
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The project’s monitoring programm
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• Absence of a significant impact
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Dams are of particular interest whe
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The rate of operation of these sens
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• Water contentThe water content
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A similar wireless transmission tec
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Figure 10.3.9Example of monitoring
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In addition, a visual control syste
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Cell atmosphere monitoring is limit
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The monitoring of the seal can be c
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• The instrumented sections and t
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The deformation measurements carrie
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10.3.9 Observation of spent fuel di
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These instrumented sections (cf. §
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The monitoring equipment embedded i
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the cell which conditions the evolu
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Figure 10.4.2Cell filled with B pac
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Ventilation of a 250-m long cell re
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• Package retrieval processOnce t
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Figure 10.4.10C Cell at end of oper
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The robot is traversed similarly to
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This operation is complete when a b
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The condition of the drift liner sh
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1111 Operational Safety11.1 Evaluat
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11 - Operational SafetyTransport tr
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11 - Operational SafetyTable 11.1.1
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11 - Operational SafetyResultsTable
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11 - Operational SafetyThe risks ar
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11 - Operational SafetyOn the surfa
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11 - Operational Safety“Honeycomb
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11 - Operational SafetyGiven the me
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11 - Operational SafetyThis risk co
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11 - Operational SafetyHydrogen emi
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11 - Operational SafetyOver and abo
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11 - Operational SafetyFigure 11.4.
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11 - Operational SafetyHowever, wit
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11 - Operational Safety11.5.2 Concl
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11 - Operational Safety11.7.1 Asses
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11 - Operational SafetySuch a damag
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11 - Operational Safety11.8.1.2 Dat
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11 - Operational SafetyIn all cases
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1212 Synthesis12.1 Simple and robus
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12 - SynthesisThe existence of unce
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12 - SynthesisTo concretely illustr
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Bibliographic references[17] Callon
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Bibliographic references[54] Andra
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Bibliographic references[88] IAEA (
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Photo Credits:ANDRA - AREVA CREATIV
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Architecture and management of a geological repository - Andra

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