Architecture and management of a geological repository - Andra

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C.RP.ADP.04.00014/4953.1 Waste production: the study scenarios ..........................................................................743.2 Description of the primary waste packages...................................................................763.2.1 Primary B waste packages ....................................................................................763.2.2 Primary vitrified C waste packages ......................................................................903.2.3 Spent fuel ..............................................................................................................943.3 Inventory model ...............................................................................................................973.3.1 Choice of waste package type, nomenclature used subsequently .........................983.3.2 Number and volume of primary waste packages considered..............................1013.4 Primary waste package reception flux hypothesis......................................................1044 Waste disposal packages..........................................................................................................1054.1 B disposal waste packages.............................................................................................1064.1.1 Discussion of principal issues.............................................................................1064.1.2 Design principles adopted...................................................................................1094.1.3 Description and design of a standard container ..................................................1164.1.4 Variant with enhanced retention capability ........................................................1184.1.5 The concrete used for disposal containers ..........................................................1214.1.6 Manufacturing techniques...................................................................................1244.2 C waste disposal packages.............................................................................................1284.2.1 Description of the main questions.......................................................................1294.2.2 Selected design principles...................................................................................1304.2.3 Description, performance....................................................................................1344.2.4 Manufacturing techniques...................................................................................1404.3 Spent fuel disposal packages.........................................................................................1444.3.1 Presentation of main issues.................................................................................1444.3.2 Design principles adopted...................................................................................1454.3.3 Description and performance..............................................................................1474.3.4 Disposal package manufacture technique ...........................................................1535 Repository modules..................................................................................................................1595.1 B waste repository modules ..........................................................................................1605.1.1 Presentation of main issues.................................................................................1605.1.2 Cell design principles adopted ............................................................................1635.1.3 Description and dimensioning of the cell and access drift..................................1725.1.4 Layout of different types of B waste cells ..........................................................1825.1.5 Construction of the B cells..................................................................................1845.1.6 Closing the cell ...................................................................................................1875.2 C waste repository modules ..........................................................................................1895.2.1 Presentation of the main issues ...........................................................................1905.2.2 Design principles adopted...................................................................................1935.2.3 Description and sizing of the cell and access drift during the operatingperiod ..................................................................................................................2005.2.4 Arrangement of disposal cells and access drifts in the repository module .........2165.2.5 Disposal cell construction ...................................................................................2175.2.6 Disposal cell closure ...........................................................................................2225.3 Spent fuel repository modules ......................................................................................2295.3.1 Presentation of main questions ...........................................................................229DOSSIER 2005 ARGILE -ARCHITECTURE AND MANAGEMENT OF A GEOLOGICAL DISPOSAL SYSTEM4/495
C.RP.ADP.04.00015/4955.3.2 Design principles used ........................................................................................2305.3.3 Description and dimensioning of CU1 and CU2 modules..................................2395.3.4 Layout of the type CU1 and CU2 cells in the repository module.......................2495.3.5 The CU3 module.................................................................................................2506 Overall underground architecture .........................................................................................2516.1 Presentation of main questions.....................................................................................2526.1.1 Long-term safety.................................................................................................2526.1.2 Taking account of reversibility ...........................................................................2546.1.3 Taking account of operational safety and the diverse nature of theactivities ..............................................................................................................2556.1.4 Quantities and flows of packages and materials to be transferred intounderground installations....................................................................................2566.2 Overall design.................................................................................................................2596.2.1 General organization of the repository................................................................2596.2.2 Modularity of the repository zones .....................................................................2596.2.3 Access to repository zones..................................................................................2606.2.4 General repository layout....................................................................................2606.2.5 Description of the B waste repository zone ........................................................2616.2.6 Description of the C waste and spent fuel repository zones ...............................2626.2.7 Capacity to adapt to the possible discontinuity of the geologicalenvironment ........................................................................................................2636.2.8 International comparison factors.........................................................................2636.3 Architectural dimensioning factors..............................................................................2646.3.1 Geotechnical aspects...........................................................................................2646.3.2 Thermal behaviour of the repository...................................................................2656.3.3 Hydraulic behaviour of the repository ................................................................2676.4 Logic governing the overall construction and operation of the repository...............2706.4.1 Separation of activities........................................................................................2706.4.2 Progressive nature of the construction and operation of a repositoryzone2716.4.3 Organisation of construction activities ...............................................................2736.4.4 Ventilation ..........................................................................................................2746.5 Sizing the connecting infrastructures...........................................................................2796.5.1 Access drift diameter and number of drifts.........................................................2796.5.2 Distance between connecting drifts ....................................................................2796.5.3 Connections between connecting drifts ..............................................................2796.5.4 Examples of the preliminary sizing of the connecting infrastructures................2806.6 Adaptation of the underground architecture to the various scenarios .....................2816.6.1 General................................................................................................................2816.6.2 Presentation of the overall architecture of a repository for the scenarioS1a2816.6.3 Adaptation of the architecture to the scenarios S1b, S1c, S2..............................2836.6.4 Architecture’s flexibility with respect to the waste inventory and wastemanagement ........................................................................................................2856.6.5 Sensitivity of the footprint of the repository to the pre-disposal storageduration. ..............................................................................................................2867 The shafts and the drifts..........................................................................................................289DOSSIER 2005 ARGILE -ARCHITECTURE AND MANAGEMENT OF A GEOLOGICAL DISPOSAL SYSTEM5/495
Page 1 and 2: Report SeriesTomeArchitectureand ma
Page 3: C.RP.ADP.04.00013/495ContentsConten
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Page 24 and 25: 1 - The Study Approach1.1 Purpose o
Page 26 and 27: 1 - The Study ApproachFrom 1999 to
Page 28 and 29: 1 - The Study Approach1.4 Structure
Page 30 and 31: 2 - General DescriptionThis chapter
Page 32 and 33: 2 - General DescriptionHLLL waste p
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2 - General DescriptionFigure 2.4.1
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2 - General Description• A dimens
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2 - General Description2.4.1.2 Desi
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2 - General Description- some conne
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2 - General DescriptionAs for the w
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2 - General DescriptionThe figure b
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33High-level long-lived waste3.1 Wa
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3 - High Level Long-Lived WasteRese
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3 - High Level Long-Lived Wastesupp
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3 - High Level Long-Lived WasteThe
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3 - High Level Long-Lived WasteFigu
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3 - High Level Long-Lived WasteA fi
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3 - High Level Long-Lived WasteA se
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3 - High Level Long-Lived WasteVitr
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3 - High Level Long-Lived WasteCond
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3 - High Level Long-Lived WasteDist
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3 - High Level Long-Lived Waste3.3.
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3 - High Level Long-Lived WasteTabl
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44Waste disposal packages4.1 B disp
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4 - Waste disposal PackagesFor empl
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4 - Waste disposal Packages• Safe
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4 - Waste disposal Packages• "Par
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4 - Waste disposal PackagesThe prin
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4 - Waste disposal PackagesThe seco
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4 - Waste disposal PackagesFigure 4
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4 - Waste disposal Packages4.1.5 Th
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4 - Waste disposal Packages4.1.5.7
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4 - Waste disposal PackagesIn the c
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4 - Waste disposal PackagesFinally,
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4 - Waste disposal PackagesThe YAG
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4 - Waste disposal PackagesIn the U
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4 - Waste disposal PackagesThe spee
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4 - Waste disposal Packages4.2.4 Ma
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4 - Waste disposal PackagesLoadSlid
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4 - Waste disposal Packages4.3 Spen
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4 - Waste disposal PackagesThe seco
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4 - Waste disposal PackagesFor both
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4 - Waste disposal Packages• Safe
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4 - Waste disposal PackagesAs for C
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4 - Waste disposal PackagesMelted c
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55Repository modules.5.1 B waste re
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5 - Repository Modules5.1.1.1 Quest
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5 - Repository Modules• Controlli
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5 - Repository ModulesFigure 5.1.1t
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5 - Repository Modules• The geome
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5 - Repository ModulesTable 5.1.1Fu
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5 - Repository ModulesFigure 5.1.9D
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5 - Repository Modules5.1.3.2 Detai
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5 - Repository Modules• Arrangeme
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5 - Repository ModulesAlthough this
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5 - Repository ModulesConnection be
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5 - Repository ModulesFurthermore,
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5 - Repository ModulesTo illustrate
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5 - Repository Modules• The acces
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5 - Repository ModulesFigure 5.1.24
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5 - Repository Modules• Limiting
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5 - Repository Modules5.2.2 Design
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5 - Repository ModulesA concept wit
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5 - Repository Modules• Orientati
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5 - Repository ModulesFigure 5.2.3O
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5 - Repository Modules5.2.3.1 Descr
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5 - Repository ModulesA minimum ann
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5 - Repository ModulesIn terms of t
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5 - Repository ModulesStorage perio
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5 - Repository ModulesSensitivity t
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5 - Repository ModulesIt must be no
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5 - Repository Modules• Disposal
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5 - Repository Modules• Assembly
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5 - Repository ModulesThe permeabil
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5 - Repository ModulesThe evolution
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5 - Repository ModulesThe lowest dr
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5 - Repository Modules• Back-fill
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5 - Repository Modules5.3.2.1 Sever
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5 - Repository ModulesFigure 5.3.4S
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5 - Repository ModulesThe cells are
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5 - Repository ModulesFinally, it s
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5 - Repository ModulesThe internal
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5 - Repository Modules• Descripti
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5 - Repository Modules- another pos
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66 Overall undergroundarchitecture6
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6 - Overall underground architectur
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7 - The shafts and the driftsThe co
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7 - The shafts and the drifts7.2.2
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7 - The shafts and the driftsFigure
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7 - The shafts and the drifts7.3.3.
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7 - The shafts and the drifts7.4 De
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7 - The shafts and the driftsThe dr
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7 - The shafts and the drifts7.7 Cl
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7 - The shafts and the driftspressu
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88Surface installations8.1 General
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8 - Surface installationsFigure 8.1
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8 - Surface installationsSuch a bui
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8 - Surface installationsApart from
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9 - Nuclear operating resources in
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1010 Reversible repositorymanagemen
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During the operational phase, the d
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Figure 10.1.1Key repository operati
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The radioactive elements can thus b
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Furthermore, equipment and liner ma
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The condition of the access drifts
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The sleeve’s durability is improv
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10.2.2.2 “Post cell-sealing” st
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As far as long-term safety is conce
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Figure 10.2.10Diagrammatic represen
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10.3.1.1 Overview of the principal
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10.3.2.2 Monitoring of type C waste
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The project’s monitoring programm
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• Absence of a significant impact
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Dams are of particular interest whe
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The rate of operation of these sens
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• Water contentThe water content
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A similar wireless transmission tec
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Figure 10.3.9Example of monitoring
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In addition, a visual control syste
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Cell atmosphere monitoring is limit
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The monitoring of the seal can be c
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• The instrumented sections and t
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The deformation measurements carrie
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10.3.9 Observation of spent fuel di
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These instrumented sections (cf. §
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The monitoring equipment embedded i
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the cell which conditions the evolu
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Figure 10.4.2Cell filled with B pac
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Ventilation of a 250-m long cell re
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• Package retrieval processOnce t
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Figure 10.4.10C Cell at end of oper
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The robot is traversed similarly to
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This operation is complete when a b
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The condition of the drift liner sh
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1111 Operational Safety11.1 Evaluat
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11 - Operational SafetyTransport tr
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11 - Operational SafetyTable 11.1.1
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11 - Operational SafetyResultsTable
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11 - Operational SafetyThe risks ar
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11 - Operational SafetyOn the surfa
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11 - Operational Safety“Honeycomb
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11 - Operational SafetyGiven the me
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11 - Operational SafetyThis risk co
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11 - Operational SafetyHydrogen emi
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11 - Operational SafetyOver and abo
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11 - Operational SafetyFigure 11.4.
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11 - Operational SafetyHowever, wit
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11 - Operational Safety11.5.2 Concl
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11 - Operational Safety11.7.1 Asses
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11 - Operational SafetySuch a damag
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11 - Operational Safety11.8.1.2 Dat
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11 - Operational SafetyIn all cases
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1212 Synthesis12.1 Simple and robus
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12 - SynthesisThe existence of unce
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12 - SynthesisTo concretely illustr
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Bibliographic references[17] Callon
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Bibliographic references[54] Andra
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Bibliographic references[88] IAEA (
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Photo Credits:ANDRA - AREVA CREATIV
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