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In addition, there are also military courts of law, organized on only 3 levels, and arbitrationtribunals.Regarding the use of arbitration (private justice), we must mention that this type of justicerepresents an alternative to the settlement of litigation by a court of common law and is notonly permitted but encouraged by the judges. The arbitration procedure can be chosen bymeans of a compromissory provision included in the contract by the parties or through aseparate express agreement. Object of arbitration may be only the disputes that can beevaluated in money or which are related to rights upon which the parties are allowed to reach asettlement, according to the applicable legal provisions.Furthermore, because Romania joined the EU, the Romanian citizens gained access to the courtsestablished by the European Community.The authority that ensures the compliance of the legal provisions with the provisions of theConstitution is the Constitutional Court, with four judicial bodies each having five judgesappointed by the Parliament and the President of Romania for a nine-year period, havingresponsibilities regarding the control of the law, before its enactment and a control of the lawafter its enactment.As regards the principle applicable to the system of justice in Romania, the rule is that of thedouble jurisdiction principle. Therefore, any litigation settled by a decision of a first-degreecourt, may be subject to a retrial by a superior court in all of its aspects. Thus, the generalcompetence was granted to the tribunals under the law with respect to certain categories oflitigations of medium importance and they may also judge legal actions brought against thedecisions passed by the courts of law in the first instance. There are also 16 courts of appeal,which have jurisdiction over several tribunals. The decisions ruled by the Courts of Appeal mayonly be challenged by last appeal before the High Court of Cassation and Justice.The protection of the legal order and of the citizens` rights is ensured by the Public Ministry.This authority exercises its duties through public prosecutors organized in offices, whichfunction alongside each court, while still keeping their independent statute towards them.In respect to the evidence system, the Romanian’s law provisions establish that the evidencebrought before the court may be: written documents – if the signature or the writing isquestioned in court, a judicial examination will take place, witness testimony – the witnesses’number can by reduced by the court and they are submitted to the obligation of taking an oath,research conducted on field, interrogatory and expertise – experts in different areas ofcompetence chosen by the parties or appointed by the court if they do not agree. Furthermore,the Romanian legislation allows the evidence presentation by lawyers, in consideration of theimportant advantage of this procedure, namely its short duration. However, this proceeding israrely used in practice because of several reasons, from which we may mention: the conditionthat its object includes only the disputes that can be evaluated in money; the fact that, in reality,the parties need the permission of the court for every action involved and at the end of theprocedure they still have to go before the court so that a ruling can be made etc.5

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