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122 THE AKABS. 1)22
Mu-ku-lan, in Cantonese Muk-ku-lan, is the Makran province; there is another reference
to it in Pt. II, Ch. XXIX.
K'ie-li-ki, in Cantonese K'e-li-kat, is presumably Kalhat, the Calatu of Marco Tolo
II, 448). It carried on a lively trade with India in mediaeval times. It was subject to the prince
of Hormuz. _
P'i-no-ye, in Amoy dialect Fi-lok-ya, is a transcription of Arabic Ifrikya, Africa, but
applied by the Arabs to that part of it which included the present Tunis and Tripoli. See Hirth,
Die Lander des Islam, 27, note 6 and infra, Pt. II, Ch. XXXI.
13) I-lu, appears to be the province of Irak. There is no other reference to it.
Pai-ta is Baghdad, see infra, Ch. XXX. '"
Ssi-lien, may very likely be Siraf (-i\j-y>^) on the Persian Gulf, which in the ninth and
tenth centuries was the starting-point of the Arab ships engaged in the Indian and Chinese trade.
It may, however, be Shiraz. Our author makes no' other reference to it.
Pai-lien, the island of Bahrein in the Persian Gulf. This is the only reference to it.
Tsi-ki, jn CantoneserTsik-kat, possibly the port of Tiz on the Makran coast and in 15
mediaeval times its chief commercial centre. See Holdich, The Gates of India, 298—301. The
name does not occur elsewhere in this or other Chinese works of the time.
Kan-mei, in Cantonese Kom-mui, in Amoy dialect Kam-bi. The name suggests the Comoro
islands. It does not occur in any other passage of this work. It is hardly likely to be Cambay,
which our author refers to under the name of Kan-pa-i (supra, p. 88).
20
P'u-hua-lo, is Bokhara. See Bretschneider, J. C. B. E. A. S., X, 240.
Ts'6ng-pa, probably the Zanzibar coast; see infra, Ch. XXIV.
Pi-p'a-lo, is the Berbera coast, see infra, Chs. XXV and XXVII.
Wu-pa, possibly Sohar L\s^) on the Persian Gulf; see infra, Ch. XXVI.
"WSng-li, is an error for VV6ng-(or Yung-)man, Oman; see infra, Ch. XXVIIl. 25
Ki-shi, is the island of Kish (Keis), in the Persian Gulf; see infra, Ch. XXIX.
Ma-kia, is Mecca; see infra, Ch. XXIII.
Pi-ssi-lo, is Basra, at the head of the Persian Gulf; see infra, Ch. XXXI.
Ki-tz'i-ni possibly Ghazni; see infra, Ch. XXXII.
Wu-ssi-li, in Cantonese Mat-ssi-li, is Mosul or Misr; see infra, Chs. XXXIII and XXXVI. 30
14) This and the preceding paragraph are based on T'ang-shu, 221*. See Bretschneider,
Ancient Chinese and Arabs, 7,9. The Sung-shi, 490,ia quotes these two paragraphs textually. It
seems extraordinary that the Chinese should have had such a very vague notion of the Prophet's
history and of the rise of Arab power. The Omayyad Merwin II, the l9,st Caliph of the house of
Omayya, was killed in A. D, 7gO. Abu'l-Abbis, the first of the Abbaside Caliphs («Black-robed 35
Ta-shi»), was proclaimed Caliph th^ same year at Kufa. Mohammed's Call was in A. D. 609 or
610; this may be the event referred to in our text.
15) Sung-shi, 2,s, says that on this occasion 157 persons were sent fdrth by the Emperor
to visit the Western regions, to each of whom was given 30,000 cash. In book 490,16, this para-
graph of our text is reproduced with only slight changes. 40
16) Li Yu, Prince of the Southern T'ang, after making his submission to the first Emperor
of the Sung in A. D. 972, rebelled three years later and held Nanking against the imperial forces
under Ts'au Pin. The city was taken by storm and the principality incorporated in the Empire.
Macgowan, History of China, 365—366. Mayers, Chinese Reader's Manual, 231.
17) Ta-shii continued, however, to come to the Court of the Sung. Sung-shi', 2, 3, and 4, 45
make mention of their presence there in 973, 974, 975, 976, etc. In 976, the Ta-shii seem to have
formed an official mission, the only one recorded down to that of 1019. In connexion with the
•mission of 976, Snng-shi, 3,io'' says the Prince of the Ta-shI was called K'o-li-fu (IpT ^^ iffl
Caliph) and the envoy's name was P'u-hi-mi (^ ^ ^S or Pu-lo-hai ^ li^ yS in an-
other passage (490,16*'), both forms transcribing probably Abu-Hamid). Sung-shi, 490,18*' mentions 50
a Li-a-wu, who in 1008 sent presents to Court; he is called «ship-mastcr» (-JM i). See
infra, note 23. A mission under an Arab came from P'o-ni (Borneo) in 977. See, infra," p. 157.
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