Chau Ju-Kua - University of Oregon Libraries

58 PAGAN. 1,6
was fifteen stages (^^) by sea N. of Lo-yile (tlie southern portion of the Malay Peninsula) and
S. W. of Chon-li-fu (mentioned in the preceding chapter). Gerini Researches, 524, identifies Tong-
liu-mei with Taluma, an ancient state on the E. coast of the Malay Peninsula, but whether near
Patani or in the Ligor roadstead, he cannot say. — Pelliot, B. E. F. E. 0., IV, 233—234,
places Tan-liu-mei at Ligor or Lakhon, otherwise called Sri Dharmaraja, the Muang Lakawn of 5
our maps on the east coast of the Malay Peninsula.
2) This paragraph is very obscure, and seems to contain a strange jumble of misstatements
for a writer who must have been somewhat familiar with Buddhist history. The Buddha
Gautama is said to have entered the womb of his ihother under the shape of an elephant. I do
not understand how he can have shown himself after his death under this shape. The Bodhisattva 10
Samantabhadra manifested himself riding an elephant on 0-mi-shan in SsJ-ch'uan, and a great
bronze elephant commemorates the event. Some such manifestation by a P'u-sa may have taken
place at Tong-liu-mei.
3) The Ling-wai-tai-ta,2,ii, says that the gharu-wood from Tong-liu-mei was the best in
the world. See infra, Pt. II. Chs. XP, XI'', and XI'=. 15
6.
PAGAN.
(Burma).
Pii-kan (^1 -y-).
Both the officials and the people of P'u-kan^ gather their hair in a knot 20
on the forehead, binding it with a piece of coloured silk; the chief of the
country alone is distinguished by a high golden cap (or hat ^).
In this country there is great plenty of horses; the people ride them
without saddles.
Kegarding their customs, they are very devout followers of the Buddhist 25
religion; all the priests wear yellow robes.
«The lord of the country holds his court in the early morning, when the
officials each carry a flower which they present to him, while the priests
repeat Indian (^) words praying for his long life. The flowers are fixed
on the king's head; those which are left over are taken to the temples and so
offered to the Buddha» ^.
There is in this country a temple dedicated to the Marquis Chu-ko Wul
In the first year Tcing-to of the present dynasty (1004) (P'u-kan) sent
a mission (to China) with tribute, together with the kingdom of San-fo-ts'i
and Ta-shi (Arabs), when they had an opportunity of witnessing the Feast of 35
Lanterns. In the fifth year ts'ung-ning (1106) (P'u-kan) again sent tribute*.