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Biruna, of the Nestorian patriarchs, 107.
((Black WaterDjthe Irrawadi river, 26; called
the ((Black-water muddy river», 59; formed
frontier of P'n-kan, 59.
Blood, brotherhood, 129; oath by drinking, in
Hai-nan, 184.
Boat, sailing, festival in Chan-cho'ng, 48;
used by king of Saii-fo-ts'i, 60; pleasure trips in,
in She-p'o, 77; whale-oil and lime used in Chungli
to caulk, 131; fighting (praws), of king of
P'o-ni, 155.
Bokhara, — see P'u-hua-lo.
Book, The, of the Arabs, 154; carried before
king of Mo-k"i6-la, 164; trade in Chinese books
in Sin-lo, 168.
Borax, imported to Shb-p'o, 78; a product of
Lu-mei, 141; used by Arabs in making glass, 227.
Borneo, trade with China at end tenth century,
19; — see Fo-ni.
Brahmans, possible reference to in Shb-p'o,
76; people of Nan-ni-hua-lo mostly, 97.
Branding, punishment for smuggling, 20; for
theft in Ch5n-la, 53.
Brawa, town of, on Berbera coast, 129.
Brocades, silk, imported to San-fo-ts'i, 61;
coloured silk, manufactured in Sho-p'o, 78; a
product of Ta-ts'in, 103; gold, of the Arabs, 116;
gold, of K'i-tz'i-ni, 138; weaving of, in Lu-mei,
141; worn in P'o-ni, 155; imported to P'o-ni, 156.
Browers islands, the Ko-ko-song-chi (or-ti)
ofKiaTan, 11.
Brushes, for writing, manufacture of, not
known in Kiau-chi, 45.
Buddha, people of Chbn-la, devout followers
of, 53; dancing-girls offer food to, in Chbn-la, 53;
said to have appeared after his nirvana in Tongliu-mei,
57, 58; people of P'u-kan devout follow-
^''^ers of, 58; offering of flowers to the, 58; the
two images of a, protect Fo-In-an, 69; people of
Nan-p'i devout followers of, 88; the, of the Arabs,
116, 124, 125; the Sacred, of P'o-ni, 157.
Buddhist, priests in Chon-la, 53; priests of
P'u-kan, their dress, 58; temple, erected in San-
,fo-ts'i, 62; monasteries in Shb-p'o, 76; temples
/" in Hu-ch'a-la, 92; shrine erected at Ts'tian-chou
by a T'ien-chu priest. 111.
Buffalo, two used in ploughing in Chanch'bng,
48; legend connected with, in San-fo-ts'i,
61; ridden in Tan-ma-ling, 67; used in ploughing
in Shb-p'o, 77; eaten in Sho-p'o, 77; tails of, from
Liu-k'iu, sold in San-sfi, 163; none in Sin-lo, 167;
in Ji-p5n, 171.
Burial, at sea, 33; place of Moslim, at Ts'Qanehou,
119, 124, n. 27; in P'o-ni, 156; customs in
Ji-pbn, 171; in Hai-nan, 180, 183, 188, n. 22.
Butter, much eaten in Nan-ni-hua-lo, 98;
eaten at Pai-ta, 135.
Byssus, a product of Lu-mei, 141.
Cabul, indigo from, 217; asa-foetida from, 225.
Cairo, called Fu-ta (Fostat), 14; called Kiey6,
144.
' Calamian island, — see Kia-ma-yen.
Calendar, people of T'i6n-chu able calculators
of. 111; of Pi-ssi-Io tolerably correct, 137;
Chinese, sold by traders in Sin-lo, 168.
Caliph, called K'o-Ii-fu, 122, n. 17; of Baghdad,
135, 186-137.
Biruna — Cash, 245
Camels, in T'ien-chu, 111; cloth of hair of,
116; numerous in Pi-p'a-lo, 128; eaten, 128, 129,
n. 3; numerous in Chung-li, 130; of Pi-ssi-lo,
137; raising of, in K'i-tz'i-ni, 138; hair fabrics of
K'i-tz'i-ni, 138; bred in Lu-mei, 141; ((water-
camels)) of the Nile, 145; in Mo-k'i6-la, 154;
none in Sin-lo, 167.
Camphor, imported to Aden, 4; imported to
Canton, 16; import duty on, 21; used with musk
in paste to scent the person in Chan-ch'ong, 47;
imported into Chan-ch'bng, 49; imported into
San-fo-ts'i, 61; a product of Tan-ma-ling, 67; a
product of Ling-ya-ssi-kia, 68; in betel-nut of
king of Si-lan, 73; imported to Si-lan, 73; a product
of Sho-p'o, 77; used with musk as perfume
in Nan-p'i, 87; exported to Nan-p'i, 88; lump,
exported to Nan-p'i, 89; exported from Chu-lien,
100, n. 8; exported to Yung-man, 133; in P'o-ni,
156, 198; comes from Pin-su, 193; great entrepot
for trade in, at San-fo-ts'i, 193; description of,
tree, 193; mode of collecting, varieties of, 193;
oil, 194; notes on, 194-195.
Canna, red, a flower of Chu-lien, 96.
Cannanore, possibly referred to, 88, 90; —
see Au-lo-lo-ni.
Cannibalism, practised by the Ma-Io-nu,
150; practised by P'i-sho-ye savages, 165.
Canton (Kuang-tung), arrival of Arabs in, 4;
coasting trade between Tongking and, 6; arrival
of western foreigners in, 6; early cultivation of
jasmine at, 6; foreign colony in, in seventh century.
14; called Khanfa by the Moslims, 15; burnt
and looted by Moslims, 15; frequent fires in, 15;
principal imports from western Asia and Africa,
16; government of foreign settlement in, 16;
where situated, 16; abandoned by foreigners
during troubles in ninth century, 18; junks from,
go to Ku-lin, 18; its foreign trade at end of
tenth century, 19; official godowns for foreign
imports at, 20; foreign trade at, in twelfth century,
22, 23; channels for ships entering, 23, 24; where
sea-going ships took water at, 29; Customs office
at, where situated, 29; seasons when ships sailed
to and from, SO; old Arab living in, 118.
Capital punishment, on Moslims, in Canton,
by who carried out, 17; in Chan-ch'bng for
adultery and cowardice in battle, 47; for adultery
in San-ib-ts'i, 61; for robbery, in Shb-p'o, 77; in
Ku-lin for killing cattle, 91; by decapitation or
trampling, in Chu-lien, 95; not inflicted on traders
in P'o-ni, 156.
Carbuncle, the great, of the king of Si-
lan, 73.
Cardamoms, imported to Aden from China,
4; a product of Tbng-liu-mei, 57; a product of
San-fo-ts'i, 61; a product of Si-lan, 73; a product
of Shb-p'o, 77; a product of pirate islands near
Shb-p'o, 84; exported to Nan-p'i, 89; a product
of Chu-lien, 96; exported to Yung-man, 133;
description of plant, 221; early mention of by
Chinese, 222; foreign name of, 222; use of, 222.
Carts, used in "Ta-ts'in, 103; of Liu-k'iu, 163.
Cash, Chinese, exported in tenth century, 19;
presented to tribute-bearers from Pin-t'ung-ling,.
51; none in San-fo-ts'i, 60; smuggling of, to Sho-'
p'o, 78; great demand for, in Malay Archipelago,
measures taken by China to stop export of, 81—82;