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11,17-18 ARECA-KUTS. 213
Yu-yang-tsa-tsu, 18,8^ has the following on the jack-fruit: «The F'o-na-so (^ ^[5 ^)
tree grows in Po-ssii
({jj) (Persia); it also grows in Fu-lin, where it is called a-p'u-to (|J^
nP ?lS °^ a-sa-to |J^ ^ ^1 according to Pon-ts'au). The tree grows to 50 or 60 feet
high. The bark is blueish-green. The leaves are very shiny, they do not wither in winter or
5 summer. The fruit does not come out of the flower, but proceeds from the stem of the tree, and
is as large as a pumpkin. It has a husk enveloping it, and on the husk are spines (^J)- The
pulp is sweet and edible. The pips (inside the pulp) are as big as jujubes, and one fruit has a
number of them. They have stems (;^)-
Inside the pips there is a kernel like a chestnut and
yellow, which is excellent eating when roasted.)) See also Hirth, J. A. 0. S., XXX, 24.
10 P'ing-chou-k'o-t'an, 2,5* says: «In front of the Nan-hai-miau (in Canton) there is a big tree.
The ripe fruit is like a pumpkin, when opened its sections (J^) are like bananas. The natives
call it po-lo-mi. When properly prepared (lit. steeped) it is good to eat (y^ ^ 'pT ^^).»
The Nan-hai (Nam-hoi in Cantonese)-miau in Canton is supposed to have been founded
• at the end of the sixth century A. D. The two jack-fruit trees in it were said to have been
15 planted during the Liang dynasty (A. D. 502—557), and are supposed to have been the ancestors
of all the jack-fruit trees in the neighbourhood. See Kuang-tung-sin-yii (published in 1700), 6,7,
and 25,28, et seqq. At the present time the jack-fruit is found all over Kuang-tung, Hainan and
southern Formosa. The image of the iirst propagator of the jack-fruit in China — the native of
the kingdom of Po-lo referred to previously— is worshipped down to the present day in the Nam-hoi
20 temple, where jack-fruit trees are still grown. Notes and Queries on China and Japan, II, 169,
191, III, U.
Concerning the origin of the Chinese name joo-Zo-mi for this fruit, Thos. Watters, Essays
on the Chinese language, 437, is inclined to think it a mixed term, po-lo may be Sanskrit for
phala fruit, and mi may be the Chinese word for honey. This explanation appears to us a fairly
25 satisfactory one.
The T'ang-shu, 22lA,i7'', mentions that in the twenty-first year of the chong-Tcuan period
(A. D. 647) a mission from Magadha (Central India) which came to the Chinese court, presented the
Emperor with 2k po-lo ('/ij^ viffi) ^'^^^- This tree, it is said, resembled a pai-yang tree (y 7^
Populus alba, L.). Po-lo is, as noted previously, the Sanskrit word for «fruit)) — but it seems
30 possible that this particular one may have been a po-lo-mi or jack-fruit tree, if not a pine-apple.
18.
ARBCA-NUTS (^ M)-
The pin-lang comes from several foreign countries, also from the four
districts of Hai-nan; it is likewise found in Kiau-chi. The tree resembles the
35 coir-palm (^#^)^
«The fruit grows on the leaves, fastened to them in clusters, as on
willow twigs. "When gathered in the spring it is called juan-pin-lang (^
or «soft areca-nuts») and is commonly known as pin-lang-sien
(;^J
or afresh areca-nuts»); it is then good to chew. When gathered in
40 the summer or the autjumn and dried it is called mi-jpin-lang {^ ^ ^