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. Satins, of the Arabs, 116; great store of, in
Pai-ta, 135.
Scales, used by Arabs for weighing gold and
silver, 116.
Scented woods, imported into China in tenth
century, 19; import duty on, 21, 22; fumes of,
used in Chan-ch'ong to perfume clothing, 47: polltax
for cutting, in- Chan-ch'ong, 48; best comes
from Tong-liu-mei, 56; — see also Gharu-wood.
Sea, the Green, 12; of Kiau-chi, 23, 24; Great
Southern Ocean, 25; Great Eastern Ocean, 26; of
Ceylon, 26; Eastern, of the Arabs, 26, 75;
Western, of the Arabs, 26; serpent, 33; water of
the Eastern Ocean, flows into wei-lu, 79; islands
in the, near P'o-ni, 157-158.
Sea-dog, drug procured from, 234-235.
Sea-route, of Sabeans to India, 1; of Greeks
to India in first century, 2; Greelss did not know
of, from India or Ceylon to China before Cosmas,
5; of Chinese pilgrims to India in seventh century,
9; Kia Tan's sailing directions for, from Canton
•to Persian Gulf, 9—14; followed by ships between
Persian Gulf and China, 15, 23, 24, 120; from
Sho-p'o to Canton, 76; from Chu-li6n to Canton,
100-101; from Canton to Merbat, 120.
Serendib,— see Si-lun-tie and Adam's Peak.
Sha-huarkiuig, probably the Malay «Oranglaut.B,
150; pirates, sell slaves to Sho-p'o, 150.
Shagreen skins, exported from China to
Aden, 4. .
Shang-hia-chu islands, Pulo Aor, 23, 2i.
Sheep, none in Chan-ch'ong, 50; in Ta-pan,
84; in Pi-p'a-l6, 128; many in Chung-li, 130; milk
of, drunk in Yung^man, 138; of Pi-ssi-lo, 137;
fat-tailed, of Mu-Ian-p'i, 142; in Mo-k'i6-la, 154;
in P'o-ni, 155; none in Liu-k'iu, 163; none in
Sin-lo, 169, line i/jin Ji-pon, 171; in Hai-nan, 181.
Shehr, — see Shi-ho.
Sheikhs, appointed by Chinese in foreign
settlements', 16.
SM-ho (Shehr) a dependency of the Arabs,
116, 121; frankincense from, 195; putchuck from,
221. •
Shi-ir-tz'i rocks, N. of Carimata island, Bor-
neo, 24.
Shi-na-weii, an Arab of Ts'aan-ch6u who
built a charnel house, 119.
Shi-BU (Yusuf, Joseph), descendant of P'u-lohung
(Abraham), how he warded off famine in
Wurssi-li, 144.
Sb'i-tzi rocks, Pulo Sapatu or Pulo Cecir de
Mer, 8.
Sho-p'o (Java), San-fo-ts'i invaded by, 62; also
called P'u-kia-lung, 75; distance from Ts'uanch6u,
75; regions lying east of, 75; other countries
reached by sea from, 76; nearest Arab colony^to,
76; dimensions of island of, 76; religions of, 76;
officials in, 76i amusements in, 77; monkeys in,
77; dwellings, dress and character of people of,
77; relations of, with China, 77; products of,
77-78; agriculture in, 77; currency of, 78; pepper
in, 78; slaves brought to, from Sha-hua-kung,
150; distance from, to P'o-ni, 155; cloves from,
209; trade in mats in, 220; cardamoms from, 221;
pepper from, 222; tortoise-shell from, 238.
Sho-shon, «to renounce the world», sect in
Sho-p'o, possibly Brahmans, 76, 80.
Satins — Si-wang-mu. 261
Sho-ts'i-sang, a flower of Chu-lien, not iden-
tified, 96. ;
Shong-tong, island of, a district of Sumatra,
near present Deli, 11.
Ships, employed by Greeks in trade with
India, 2; from Ceylon, 3; from Persia and East
coast Africa visit Ceylon, 3; shape of, employed
in China trade in seventh century, 9; foreign
captains of, in China trade, 9; manifests of, examined
in Canton, 9; frequent wrecking of, in
voyage to and from China, 15; employed in China
trade not navigated by Chinese, 15; small, employed
between Quilon and Persian Gulf, 15;
Chinese-manned, go to Kalah, 18; regulations for
foreign, entering Canton, 23; tide-waiters put on
board, on arrival, 23; travellers from West reship
to larger, at Kulam-Male, 24; large, cart
sail 1000 li a day, 24; size of Arabs', 24; of Chinese
type on route between Kulam and China,
24; Chinese, in the fifth century, 27; methods of
navigating sea-going, 27-28; carrier pigeons oii
board, 28; water supply on, where procured at
Canton, 29; seasons when, sailed to and from Can-
ton, 30; shape and rigging of, 30; called Jcia-t'u, 30;
large hia-ling, their crews, 30-31; large tradingships
only profitable, 31; traders on board,31; confiscated
and crew sold on putting into ports not on
route, 31; leaks in, how mended, 31; description of
big sea-going, of twelfth century, 33-34; of Mulan-p'i,
34, 142; size of Chinese mediaeval, 34-35;
manifests of, in Annam, 48; merchant, forced to
enter San-fo-ts'i, 62; importance of Kien-pi for
trading, 71; from San-fo-ts'i, Kien-pi and Bj-t'o
visit Ku-lin, 89; Chinese traders bound west
change, at Ku-lin, 91; from Ts'uan-ch6u to lealm
of Arabs, length of voyage, 114; how caulked,
131, 132, n. 4; cargoes from Ki-shi, 134; date of
sailing of, from P'o-ni, 157; date of sailing of,
from the Philippines, 162; course followed by,
from Ts'uan-ch6u to Sin-lo, 165, 168, n. 2; of
Japanese bring lumber to Ts'iian-chou, 171;
course sailed by, from China to Japan, 173, n. 7;
engaged in Hai-nan trade, 178, 187, n. is.
Shui-au; village in Ts tian-chou-fu, 165.
Si-lan (Ceylon), a dependency of San-fo-ts'i,
62; under rule of Nan-p'i, 72; distance of, from
Lan-wu-li, 72; lightning along coast of, 72; the
king of, 72; his palaces, jewels, 72; his betel-nut,
73; his great rtiby, 73; the people of, 73; the
great mountain of Si-lun-tie in, 73; products of,
73; sends yearly tribute to San-fo-ts'i, 73-, Cholian
rule over, 98; Andaman islands between, and
Lan-wu-Ii, 147; — see also Ceylon.
Si-lun-tie, the mountain of, in Si-lan, 73;
impress of foot on, 73; identified with Adam's
Peak, 74-75.
Si-lxmg (possibly Ceram), 157; its products
and trade, 158.
Si-p'6ng, a dependency of Chon-la, not iden-
tified, 54, 56.
Si-tan-chang-shu, a book studied in T'ienchu,
HI; a woris; on astronomy, 114.
Si-t'ien, India, exclusive of Chu-li4n, and
westward, 102.
Si-wang-mu, her residence near the Jo-shui
and the Liu-sha, 104.