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66 PALEMBAXG. I,?
(7) Ts'i6n-inai remains doubtful. Schlegel, op. sup. cit., 135 thought it was Djambi, but
that name we know was transcribed Chan-pei. Gerini, Researches, 627 takes this name to
represent Semawi or Semawei, vulgo Semoy on the bight of that name, into which debouches the
Pasei river, North Sumatra.
(8) Pa-t'a may possibly he the country of the Batta in N. Sumatra, as suggested by 5
Schlegel (loc. cit). Gerini, op. cit., 627, thinks it, Pedada or Pidada — the Pirada of de
Barros between Samalangan and Pasangan, North Sumatra.
(9) Tan-ma-ling was probably a district about the mouth of the Kwantan river in Pahang,
on the E. coast of the Malay Peninsula. See infra, Ch. VIII n. 1.
(10) Kia-lo-hi. In a previous passage (supra Ch. IV p. 62) our author says that Ch6n-la (Kam- 10
boja) confined to the S. on Kia-lo-hi; it would appear therefore that it should be sought for in the
Malay Peninsula, south of T8ng-liu-mei which was the southernmost dependency of Chon-la, and
which is placed, with some degree of probability, in Ligor on the E. coast of the Malay Peninsula.
See supra Ch. V p. 57. Whether Kia-lo-hi was the same as the Kia-lo-sh5 (^ ^ ^) of the
Sui-shu (3,12») and the Kia-lo-sh6-fu (^ ^ -^ %)' Ko-lo-sho-fon (^ ^ ^ ^) 15
and Ko-lo-fu-sha-lo (^ ^ 'M ^j^ ^) °^ ^^^ T'ang-shu, 222'', I am not prepared to say.
Pelliot (op. cit. IV, 360 'n.) says that all these forms point to a Sanskrit foi-m Kalasapura,
and that a city of that name seems to have existed in Indo-China or the Malay Peninsula, but
where is not known. Gerini (Asiat. Quai-t. 3^ ser. XIII, 133) identifies Ko-lo-fu-sha-lo with
Koli hadara, the present Kalantan, and (in his Eesearches, 627) he seems inclined to locate Kia- 20
lo-hi on the, E. coast of Sumatra or on some neighbouring island. He admits that the name is a
very puzzling one. Schlegel (T'oung-pao, 2^ ser. II, 136) says Kia-lo-hi was contiguous with the
present Cape Camboja.
(11) Pa-lin-fong is Palembang,. see supra, p. 63, n. 1.
(12) Sin-t'o, or, as our author in another passage, transcribes the name Sun-t'a,'is the western 25
portion of th6 island of Java, or possibly only a small part of it on the Straits of Sunda. See
infra Chs. XI and XV, from which either conclusion seems possible. Gerini, Eesearches, 628, takes
Sin-t'o to be Barbosa's Zunda^kingdom, S. W. Sumatra, corresponding to the present Indrapura
district. It cannot be believed that Sin-t'o was used by Chau Ju-kua to designate any other
country than that lying in Java near the Straits of Sunda. 30
(13) Kien-pi is Kampar on the E. coast of Sumatra. See infra, Ch. XII, from which it appears
that in Chau Ju-kua's time it had become independent of San-fo-ts'i. Gerini, Eesearches, 628,
thinks some district on the west coast of the Malay Peninsula may be meant.
(14) Lan-wu-li, the Eamni of Arab mediaeval travellers, the Lamori of Marco Polo.
It was the N. part of the W. coast of Sumatra. See infra, Ch: XIII. 35
(15) Si-lan, the Singalese form Silam — shortened from Sihalam (Pali Singhala);- the island
of Ceylon. See infra Ch. XIII, p. 73, where it is said, not only that Ceylon sends a yearly tribute to
San-fo-ts'i, but that it is ruled by Nan-p'i (Malabar). In the latter half of the eleventh century the
Coromandel coast (Chu-lien) was also tributary of San-fo-ts'i. See Sung-shi, 489,ii and supra, p. 59.
17) The Ling-wai-tai-ta, 2,ia says: «In the 9ti moon of the first year kien-lung (of the 40
Sung, 960) the king of San-fo-ts'i, by name Hi-li-ta-hia-li-tan (Hilita Sultan?) presented tribute
to the Chinese Court. Again in the 5ti» moon of the second year kien-lung (961), and also in the
third year (962) in the 3^ and 12tii moons». The Annals of the Sung (Sung-shi, 1,9-is) state that in
961 people from San-fo-ts'i came to Court and offered presents. The following year two official
missions appear to have come to the Chinese Court, one under a person bearing the Chinese name 45'
of Li Li-lih (^4^ j^ Mj) — perhaps a Chinese resident of the country. In another passage
of the Sung-shi (489,is) we read of a mission from San-fo-ts'i in 983 which presented among other
things a rock-crystal image of the Buddha. See also Groene veldt. Notes, 64. 67.
18) The Ling-wai-tai-ta, loc. cit., says «In the second year yuan-fong of Chon-tsung (1079)
in the 7tii moon a mission from the kingdom of Chan-pei (^ Kj, Djambi) came to Court with 50
tribute; and again this country sent tribute in the year 1088».
19) Jung-ya-lu was to the east of Sin-t'o, the dependency of San-fo-ts'i in Western Java.
In another passage (infra, p. 84) our author tells us that Jung-ya-lu was the same as Ta-pan