Chau Ju-Kua - University of Oregon Libraries

186 ISLAND OF HAINAN. 1,46
5) During the Sung dynasty most of the present provinces of Euang-tung and Kuang-si
formed one province called Kuang-nan, divided into an eastern and western Circuit or Lu.
On the Li-mu mountains and the Hainan aborigines, or Li, see pp. 182—183, and infra,
note 30.
6) On these different varieties of gharu-wood, see infra, Pt. II. Ch. XI. Em-me%-c7M, 5
literally «Sea-plum gum» may be the same as the la-mei (^^ ^j^)) Chimonanthus fragrans,
Porter Smith, Chin. Materia medica, 60. O-mel-shan-cM, as cited in T'u-shu-tsi-ch'Ong, XX^
206, describes a hai-mei growing on Mt. Omi, as a shrub about three feet high with fruit like
the Chinese cherry (Cerasus pseudo-cerasus).
K'iung-cM-ts'ai is said by P6n-ts'au-kang-mu, 28,28, to be identical with the sM-hua-ts'ai, 10
or agar-agar, an edible sea-weed much used in China. Eai-is'i, literally «sea-varnish», is, I
believe, unidentified. SM-hie or wstone-crabsB are mentioned in the List of medicines exported
from Hankow, etc. (Imp. Marit. Customs. II. Special Series, JV» 8), 37 as aFossil crabs. Macro-
phthalmus Latreilli and Portunus leucodea.a Ling-wai-tai-ta, 7,15 says they are found along the
whole coast of Hainan and that they are exactly like the big sea-crab or siu-mo (^ffi I* i^)- ^5
is used, it adds, as a medicine in eye complaints.
7) Ling-piau-lfi-i (^ ^ ^ ^) written by Liu Sfln (^J j^) during the T'ang
dynasty says (1,1*), that a hu-fong is a terrible wind which destroys houses, trees, etc. Sometimes
there is none for two or three years, while at times there may be three in a single year. This
appears to be the real typhoon. Certain works quoted in the T'ai-wan-fu-chi, however, distinguish 20
between the Tcu-fon^ and the fai-fong, the former being less disastrous than the latter. See
Hirth, «The word Typhoons, J. R G. S., 1880, pp. 6—7 of reprint.
8) See Sui-shu, 31, is, of which this paragraph of our text is an abstract. In regard to the
bronze drums Sui-shu says that as soon as they had cast a big bronze drum they hung it up in
their courtyard, put out wine and invited their people to come. Some of the well-to-do sons and 25
daughters made big hair-pins of gold or silver, and proclaimed the fact by beating their drum, then
they stored them away. Such wealthy people were known as abronze drum and hair-pin peoples
(SwI ^t W^' ^^^y "'l^" ^^** their drums to call their clan together to avenge the death of
one of their number. Those who had drums were called Tu-lau. In the days of the Han the great
chief of the Man savages (^ ^) was called Lau-fu-ch'6n (^- .^ B^), the Li continued 30
thereafter to call their elders (or persons of high standing, ^|) tau-lau ("f^lj
which by phonetic decay has become tu-Um.
;^), a word
On the subject of the bronze drums, the invention of which is ascribed by the Chinese to
the General Ma Yflan (regarding whom see infra, note 11), see F. Hirth, Chinesische Ansichten
liber Bronzetrommeln, 1904. . 35
9) Ting Tsin-kung was born in Su-ch6u in the latter part of the tenth century; his name was
Ting Wei
("J" g^). He rendered
was made Duke of Tsin in 1022.
distinguished services to the state in various capacities, and
Later on, having become implicated in an intrigue with the
eunuch Lei Yun-kung, he was degraded and banished. Three years of his exile he lived in a
village in Hainan and five more on the Lei-ch6u peninsula. He died in 1033. Sung-shi, 283,8 40
et seqq., and Hirth, Die Insel Hainan, 15, note 2.
10) Sung Kuan-chi, also called Sung-hien (-^ ^) was born about the beginning of the
eleventh century; so far as known he did not visit Hainan. The great biographical work called Wan-
sing-t'ung-pu, mentions a Sung Shou-cM {^ ^ ;^) as having promoted literary studies in
Hainan. The name given in the text should presumably be corrected accordingly. 45
Chau Ju-hia was an ancestor of our author (see Hirth in J. E. A. S. 1896, 77—81). He
wrote several works, one entitled K'iung-kuan-t'u-king (Jfi ^^ ^ j2E) which, to judge
from the title, must have been an illustrated description of the island of Hainan. The date here
mentioned in our text, 1210, is the latest found in Chau Ju-kna's work.
Su Tung-p'o, or «Su of the eastern slope», is the popular name of Su Shi (^^ ^^) one 50
of the greatest poets of China. A. D. 1036—1101. In 1069 he entered official life. In lOmie was
dismissed to Huang-ch6u for having lampooned in verse a couple of Censors. Here be built himself
a hut on the eastern slope {tung-p'o) of a hill, and afterwards took these two words as his fancy,