Ethnoecology, Resource Use, Conservation And Development In A ...

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Appendix 1: Wapishana Tree Names Recorded Wapishana name Creole name Scientific Identification Source1 A'akush Manilkara excelsa: Sapotaceae 2 Achadam Rheedia benthamiana: Guttifereae 2 Adori yauwun Whitee Inga sp.: Leguminosae (Mimosoideae) 3 Aisharukun Ana2 Sloanea grandiflora: Elaeocarpaceae 1 Aopara Hububalli Loxopterygium sagotii: Anacardiaceae 2 3 Autaka Wild guava Myrcia sp.: Myrtaceae 3 Apichau Arakiki Atamundari Atorotan Awadikun Bachi Kauzu Hymenolobium sp.: Leguminosae (Caesalpinioideae) 2 Bai'izi3 Bakoparakun Lecythis holcogyne: Lecythidaceae 2 Bakopara4 Barai Pouteria sericea: Sapotaceae 2 Barawadi5 Purpleheart Peltogyne porphyrocardia: Leguminosae (Caesalpinioideae) 2 3 4 Barotaba'u Yarola Aspidosperma excelsum: Apocynaceae 3 Bichi Tokoro6 Cf. Licania: Chrysobalanaceae 4 1 Sources of glosses of Wapishana terms: 1. Identification in field from van Roosmalen (1985a) or Gentry and Vasquez(1993). 2. Inferred from Wapishana name using Mennega et al. (1988). 3. Inferred from Creolese name using Mennega et al. (1988). 4. Inferred from statement of similarity to category already identified. ‘G’ next to a number indicates that this method was used to identify to genus. ‘F’ next to a number indicates that this method was used to identify to family. 2 Less commonly given Wapishana name powi'izi kuna. 3 Menneger et al. (1988) also list Chytroma praeclara under this name, as the 'equivalent' to L. holcogyne in the Kanuku mountains. 4 Menneger et al. (1988) also list P. grandis, a riparian tree found along the Rupununi, under this name 5 Similar to daba. 6 Fruit larger than that of tokoro.
Wapishana name Creole name Scientific Identification Source1 Borokushu Palmae Bowao7 Bowaokun Tetragastris altissima/panamensis: Burseraceae 1 Buktori8 Courataria oblongifolia: Lecythidaceae 1 2 Buru Palmae Burishi Palmae Chaakoi nyukunun9 Silvaballi Aniba riparia: Lauraceae 1 Chaawudu Chibirikiti Attalea dahlgreniana: Palmae 1 10 Chiikada imidia Chiikada partner' cf. Licania : Chrysobalanaceae 4 Chiikada11 Chimari'i Tokoro partner Licania cf. kunthiana: Chrysobalanaceae Chiu12 Tabebuia stenocalyx: Bignoniaceae Choona Bombax surinamense/globosum: Bombacaceae Choowantan Choowuriktaina Guettarda acreana: Rubiaceae 2 Daawiko13 cf. Quiina : Quiinaceae 1 Daba Dadizowao Daradara Darokai Darori Purpleheart Peltogyne porphyrocardia: Leguminosae (Caesalpinioideae) 2 3 Diborowudi Didad kun Dido'u Diparatan14 Doowaki Chrysophyllum argenteum: Sapotaceae 2 Dyakara15 Bush Whitee Inga alba: Leguminosae (Mimosoideae) 1G 2 3G 7 Fruits always multi-segmented. Menneger et al (1988) give Wapishana name 'asau' for T. altissima. 8 F Identified in field as E. confertiflora, which has been re-allocated to Lecythis. Menneger et al. (1988) put E. conduplicata under this Wapishana name. 9 Informants report the existence of 2 kinds 10 Fruits look ‘just like tomato’. 11 Informants report the existence of 2 kinds: riparian and forest. 12 ‘Sio' in Menneger et al. (1988). 13 Maybe Froesia. 14 Menneger et al. (1988) also list the rarer Pouteria burchelliana as having the same Wapishana name. 1 2? 2
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Ethnoecology, Resource Use, Conserv
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This thesis could
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CONTENTS ABSTRACT..................
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LIST OF FIGURES FIGURE 2.1. MAP OF
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CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION 1.1 Intro
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subsistence strategies to exemplify
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context is provided by Wapishana cu
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a 'need' for meat even if their phy
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phenomenon and thus arguing that in
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populations of beaver and caribou (
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practice (Sillitoe 1998: 228-9). Th
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1.2.4 Does the nature of ethnoecolo
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presented on cultural ecology. This
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Riviere identifies cognatic descent
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the village and out in the forest.
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CHAPTER 2: INDIGENOUS PEOPLES AND D
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groups also comprise the majority i
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provides national-level representat
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around 4,000 km 2 and excluding man
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industries have been identified as
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events was the subject of much conc
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Changes in the global economy seem
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significant improvements in the sit
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industry rapidly disappeared. A pro
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Wapishana communities in which he w
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correspond to a remarkably high pro
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Thorbjarnarson 1991; Ojasti 1991; T
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2.6 Conservation interest in Guyana
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outreach in 1995, links between Iwo
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2.6.3 Other Activities Relating to
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enefit of the entire national popul
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forests of the Rupununi River itsel
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anchers narrowly failed in their al
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eleased, but it may well be that Co
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Information collected over the cour
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from the early 19th century unambig
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south as Kujuwini (Riviere 1963: 13
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Dadanawa in 1977, has a Wapishana m
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Wapishana resident in indigenous se
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through this body that the member v
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162). Extensive changes in the over
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Brethren faith, and has constructed
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Many labour emigrants spend several
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freedom and independence of local p
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CHAPTER 4: WAPISHANA CULTURAL ECOLO
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Table 4.1. Percentage of households
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Figure 4.1. Map of Maruranau’s fa
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edge, or in patch of savannah withi
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that of previous studies of Wapisha
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other cassava drinks and those made
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and is effectively a volunteer spec
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When growing in large stands, mango
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Bananas Musa spp. 8 Thyme Lippia mi
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crop. According to the reports of p
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alone. A variety of binas 4 may be
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manicole (Euterpe spp.), or a combi
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areas on higher ground. Parrots and
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egarded as edible were omitted, alo
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Table 4.7 Animal categories reporte
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when the mother has been hunted, an
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and most of these in very small num
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that the take had diminished rapidl
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Oenocarpus 5 were treated as a sing
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egularly visited areas, but as thes
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of the European pig (Schomburgk 192
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individual resident in Aishalton be
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Useful trees were assigned to use c
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Total number of uses 120 100 80 60
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that the proportion of segregates w
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CHAPTER 5: SYMBOLISM 5.1 Syncretism
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clear that many aspects of knowledg
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malevolent purposes associated with
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ivers, especially at rapids or deep
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myself suffered a mysterious and hi
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5.5 Ecological Implications The maj
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of spider monkey meat may, however,
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CHAPTER 6: ETHNOECOLOGY This chapte
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themselves. Such a circumstance aro
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may reflect local phenotypic divers
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format employed allows analysis to
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people use this and for what?", "Ho
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6.2.2 Mechanisms of acquisition of
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my part. In all cases I looked for
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mobility prevented this. Three of t
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Opinion was also divided about the
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6.3.5 Red-rumped agouti, ‘rabbit
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occupied in the dry season are aban
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6.3.8 ‘Baboon’, red howler monk
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dynamics were considered by three i
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there was a seasonal food shortage
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din (an unidentified felid, probabl
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evealed information about this impo
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this could be conducted by examinin
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CHAPTER 7: ETHNOECOLOGY 2 - COMPARI
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caatinga (Olmos 1993), and were als
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Overall, the dietary data in the pr
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Studies from Brazil and Peru report
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Table 7.5. List of food plants reco
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cassava (Manihot esculenta), black-
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7.6 Orange-rumped agouti Table 7.9.
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availability is at its seasonal low
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7.8 Black spider monkey Specific fo
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from the current data set almost ce
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Table 7.16. Comparison of ethnoecol
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families Arecaceae (Palmae), Meliac
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Other ethnoecological data is compa
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the Wapishana biological lexicon. T
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as concrete stimuli for responses.
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CHAPTER 8: APPLICATIONS OF ETHNOECO
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herd, anticipate its movements and
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for several consecutive nights unti
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The gathering of eggs of turtles an
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Page 231 and 232: Food plant Score Freq. Fruits eaten
Page 233 and 234: esearch later collaborated on biolo
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Page 237 and 238: Subsistence is also heavily depende
Page 239 and 240: the most interesting questions. Did
Page 241 and 242: 9.3 Does the existing social-ecolog
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Page 251 and 252: consultation on all matters affecti
Page 253 and 254: 10.2 Research findings and their im
Page 255 and 256: societies with other parties with w
Page 257 and 258: 10.4 Suggestions for further resear
Page 259 and 260: REFERENCES Agrawal, A. 1995. ‘Dis
Page 261 and 262: Barreto, G.R., O.E. Hernandez and J
Page 263 and 264: Clement, C.R. 1993. 'Native Amazoni
Page 265 and 266: EPA 1999. 'National Biodiversity Ac
Page 267 and 268: Government of Guyana 1996. 'Proceed
Page 269 and 270: Johnson, W.A. 1974. ‘Ethnoecology
Page 271 and 272: Millner-Gulland, E.J. and R. Mace 1
Page 273 and 274: Posey, D.A., J. Frechione, J. Eddin
Page 275 and 276: Salisbury, R.F., M.J. Dummett, T.L.
Page 277 and 278: Turner, H.E. 1972. ‘The Rupununi
Page 279: APPENDICES These appendices list Wa
Page 283 and 284: Wapishana name Creole name Scientif
Page 289 and 290: Wapishana Name Creole Name Scientif
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