Ethnoecology, Resource Use, Conservation And Development In A ...

CONTENTS
ABSTRACT............................................................................................. II
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS............................................................................ III
CONTENTS..............................................................................................V
LIST OF FIGURES....................................................................................VII
LIST OF TABLES.....................................................................................VII
CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION.................................................................... 1
1.1 INTRODUCTION AND DEFINITIONS ..........................................................................................1
1.2 THESIS STATEMENT AND RESEARCH QUESTIONS .......................................................................1
1.3 THE WAPISHANA PEOPLE ................................................................................................... 17
1.4 METHODS ....................................................................................................................... 19
1.5 OVERVIEW OF THESIS........................................................................................................ 22
CHAPTER 2: INDIGENOUS PEOPLES AND DEVELOPMENT IN GUYANA .....................23
2.1 INDIGENOUS POPULATIONS IN GUYANA................................................................................. 23
2.2 AMERINDIAN RELATIONS WITH WIDER GUYANESE SOCIETY ..................................................... 25
2.3 AMERINDIAN LAND RIGHTS AND LAND SECURITY IN GUYANA. ................................................... 28
2.4 AMERINDIAN PEOPLE AND DEVELOPMENT IN THE INTERIOR OF GUYANA: THE IMPACTS OF INDUSTRIAL
LOGGING AND MINING. ............................................................................................................ 30
2.5 OTHER USES OF THE FOREST: COMMERCIAL EXTRACTION OF NON-TIMBER FOREST PRODUCTS OF PLANT
AND ANIMAL ORIGIN................................................................................................................ 38
2.6 CONSERVATION INTEREST IN GUYANA .................................................................................. 47
2.7 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION .............................................................................................. 52
CHAPTER 3: THE RUPUNUNI REGION AND THE WAPISHANA PEOPLE......................54
3.1 ENVIRONMENT AND ECONOMICS IN THE RUPUNUNI ................................................................. 55
3.2 THE WAPISHANA PEOPLE IN GUYANA ................................................................................... 61
3.3 LOCAL PERSPECTIVES ON CHANGING CIRCUMSTANCES............................................................. 77
CHAPTER 4: WAPISHANA CULTURAL ECOLOGY ...............................................81
4.1 OVERVIEW OF SUBSISTENCE................................................................................................ 81
4.2 AGRICULTURE ................................................................................................................. 84
4.3 HUNTING AND TRAPPING OF WILD ANIMALS......................................................................... 100
4.4 FISHING........................................................................................................................ 111
4.5 GATHERING................................................................................................................... 112
4.6 ANIMAL HUSBANDRY...................................................................................................... 120
4.7 BIODIVERSITY USE: THE SYNECOLOGY OF WAPISHANA SUBSISTENCE......................................... 124
4.8 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION............................................................................................ 130
CHAPTER 5: SYMBOLISM ..........................................................................131
5.1 SYNCRETISM AND THE WAPISHANA WORLD VIEW .................................................................. 131
5.2 HEALERS, SICKNESS AND HEALING AMONG THE WAPISHANA.................................................... 132
5.3 HUMAN SPIRITS, ANIMAL SPIRITS AND DIETARY PROHIBITIONS. ................................................ 135
5.4 FURTHER FORMS OF NATURE SPIRITS................................................................................... 136
5.5 ECOLOGICAL IMPLICATIONS.............................................................................................. 141
CHAPTER 6: ETHNOECOLOGY....................................................................145
6.1 WAPISHANA ETHNOZOOLOGICAL NOMENCLATURE AND CLASSIFICATION.................................... 145
6.2 RESEARCH METHODS EMPLOYED IN ETHNOECOLOGY.............................................................. 150
6.3 RESULTS....................................................................................................................... 156
6.4 FURTHER INFORMATION FROM ETHNOECOLOGY .................................................................... 173
6.5 COMMENTS ON THE ETHNOECOLOGICAL DATA SET................................................................. 175