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FIRST CLASS OF OBJECTS FOR THE SUBJECT. 65
the friction he feels and of its duration, a long cylindrical
body, moving uniformly in the same direction in that
particular position of his hand. But the representation of
means of
movement, i.e. of change of place in Space by
Time, never could arise for him out of the mere sensation
in his hand ; for that sensation can neither contain, nor
can it ever by itself alone produce any such thing. It is his
intellect which must, on the contrary, contain within itself,
before all experience, the intuitions of Space, Time, and toge
ther with them that of the possibility of movement ; and it
must also contain the representation of Causality, in order to
pass from sensation which alone is given by experience
to a cause of that sensation, and to construct that cause as
a body having this or that shape, moving in this or that
direction. For how great is the difference between a mere
sensation in my hand and the representations of causality,
materiality, and mobility in Space by means of Time !
The sensation in my hand, even if its position and its
points of contact are altered, is a thing far too uniform
and far too poor in data, to enable me to construct out of
it the representation of Space, with its three dimensions,
and of the influences of bodies one upon another, together
with the properties of expansion, impenetrability, cohe
sion, shape, hardness, softness, rest, and motion: the
basis, in short, of the objective world. This is, on the
contrary, only possible by the intellect containing within
itself, anterior to all experience, Space, as the form of per
ception ; Time, as the form of change ; and the law of
Causality, as the regulator of the passing
in and out of
changes. Now it is precisely the pre-existence before all
experience of all these forms, which constitutes the Intellect.
Physiologically, it is a function of the brain, which the
brain no more learns by experience than the stomach to
digest, or the liver to secrete bile. Besides, no other expla
nation can be given of the fact, that many who were born
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