Tendencias y factores asociados al consumo de tabaco en los ...
Tendencias y factores asociados al consumo de tabaco en los ...
Tendencias y factores asociados al consumo de tabaco en los ...
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Descripción <strong>de</strong>l problema57Reinci<strong>de</strong>nciaLa reinci<strong>de</strong>ncia <strong>en</strong> el <strong>consumo</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>tabaco</strong> se observó básicam<strong>en</strong>te <strong>en</strong>tre <strong>los</strong> hombres(RM=3.79; IC 95% 2.37-6.07), <strong>en</strong>tre <strong>los</strong> nacidos <strong>en</strong> cohortes reci<strong>en</strong>tes(RM=4.89; IC 95% 1.04-22.83) y <strong>en</strong>tre <strong>los</strong> que tuvieron el antece<strong>de</strong>nte <strong>de</strong> residirCuadro IV.Distribución <strong>de</strong>l tabaquismo <strong>de</strong> acuerdo con<strong>los</strong> <strong>factores</strong> explicativos estudiados <strong>en</strong> lacohorte <strong>de</strong> jóv<strong>en</strong>es. Estudio <strong>de</strong> More<strong>los</strong>,México, 1998-1999Variable Nunca Inci<strong>de</strong>ntes Persist<strong>en</strong>tes Cesación Reinci<strong>de</strong>nciaTOTAL (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (n = 3177)SexoMujer 81.13 8.30 4.18 4.13 2.26 1 987Hombre 64.20 13.45 9.16 6.30 6.89 1 190Cohorte <strong>de</strong> nacimi<strong>en</strong>toDécada 70 60.65 5.81 20.00 12.26 1.29 155Década 80 75.51 10.46 5.33 4.57 4.14 3 022Nivel socioeconómicoBajo 81.65 7.36 4.52 3.36 3.10 774Medio 75.55 11.59 3.67 4.31 4.88 1 579Alto 66.87 10.32 12.01 7.65 3.16 824Lugar <strong>de</strong> resi<strong>de</strong>nciaRur<strong>al</strong> 80.25 10.11 2.72 3.34 3.58 1 286Suburbano 75.49 11.46 4.08 3.69 5.27 759Urbano 68.11 9.54 11.13 7.60 3.62 1 132Antece<strong>de</strong>nte <strong>de</strong> r<strong>en</strong>dimi<strong>en</strong>toescolar (bas<strong>al</strong>)De 9 y 10 81.67 9.50 3.55 2.97 2.31 1 211De 8 72.55 11.12 6.19 5.77 4.36 1 421De 7 67.33 9.22 11.22 6.21 6.21 499De 6 ó m<strong>en</strong>os 45.65 13.04 10.87 17.39 13.04 46Consumo inmo<strong>de</strong>rado <strong>de</strong> <strong>al</strong>coholNunca 78.89 9.12 4.63 4.29 3.06 2 937Cesaron 22.22 11.11 31.48 24.07 11.11 108Nuevos y persist<strong>en</strong>tes 26.52 34.09 16.67 3.79 18.94 132Consumo <strong>de</strong> drogasNunca 76.06 9.77 5.66 4.63 3.89 3 112Cesaron 21.88 21.88 25.00 25.00 6.25 32Nuevos y persist<strong>en</strong>tes 6.06 42.42 24.24 15.15 12.12 33Tabaquismo <strong>en</strong> padres (<strong>al</strong> m<strong>en</strong>os uno)Nunca 78.59 9.13 4.56 4.35 3.37 2 345Cesaron 57.41 13.89 11.11 11.11 6.48 108Iniciaron 70.29 14.14 5.94 4.51 5.12 488Persistieron 54.24 11.44 18.64 8.90 6.78 236Antece<strong>de</strong>nte <strong>de</strong> relaciones sexu<strong>al</strong>esNo 78.11 10.43 3.78 3.88 3.81 2 887Sí 41.72 8.28 28.62 15.52 5.86 290Antece<strong>de</strong>nte <strong>de</strong> pert<strong>en</strong>ecer a una bandaNo 75.78 10.14 5.67 4.66 3.75 3 068Sí 46.79 12.84 16.51 12.84 11.01 109Actividad físicaBaja 82.94 9.08 1.93 2.57 3.49 1 090Mo<strong>de</strong>rada 71.12 11.31 7.20 5.98 4.39 1 070Elevada 69.91 10.32 9.24 6.39 4.13 10.17Edad <strong>de</strong> inicio (años)< <strong>de</strong> 15 —- 28.53 23.42 21.92 26.13 333De 15 o más —- 48.93 24.46 18.03 8.58 466Antece<strong>de</strong>nte <strong>de</strong> cigarros fumados <strong>al</strong> díaSólo <strong>al</strong>gunas fumadas —- 39.80 15.05 20.66 24.49 392De 1 a 2 —- 40.59 28.04 21.77 9.59 271De 3 a 5 —- 46.15 35.16 13.19 5.49 91De 6 o más —- 36.17 53.19 10.64 0.00 47
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