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내분비-대사분과 - 대한내과학회

내분비-대사분과 - 대한내과학회

내분비-대사분과 - 대한내과학회

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<strong>내분비</strong><strong>대사분과</strong> 497<br />

당뇨병의 진단과 치료<br />

1. 당뇨병의 정의<br />

유전적 또는 환경적 요인에 의해 인슐린의 표적세포에 대한 인슐린의 작<br />

용이 감소되고 이와 함께 인슐린의 상대적 또는 절대적 결핍이 동반되어 고<br />

혈당 상태가 초래되고 이에 수반되는 대사장애가 장기간 지속되면서 합병<br />

증을 초래하게 되는 질환이다.<br />

2. 당뇨병의 분류<br />

1) 당뇨병의 원인적 분류(Etiologic Classification of Diabetes Mellitus)<br />

가) Type 1 diabetes<br />

(β-cell destruction, usually leading to absolute insulin<br />

deficiency)<br />

(1) Immune-mediated<br />

(2) Idiopathic<br />

나) Type 2 diabetes<br />

(may range from predominantly insulin resistance with relative insulin<br />

deficiency to a predominantly insulin secretory defect with insulin<br />

resistance)<br />

다) Other specific types of diabetes<br />

(1) Genetic defects of β-cell function characterized by mutations<br />

in: Hepatocyte nuclear transcription factor (HNF) 4α (MODY1),<br />

Glucokinase (MODY 2), HNF-1α (MODY 3), Insulin promoter<br />

factor (IPF) 1 (MODY 4), HNF-1β (MODY 5), Mitochondrial<br />

DNA, Proinsulin or insulin conversion<br />

(2) Genetic defects in insulin action<br />

(3) Diseases of the exocrine pancreas<br />

(4) Endocrinopathies :<br />

acromegaly, Cushing's syndrome, glucagonoma,<br />

pheochromocytoma,<br />

hyperthyroidism, somatostatinoma, aldosteronoma<br />

(5) Drug- or chemical-induced :<br />

Vacor, pentamidine, nicotinic acid, glucocorticoids,<br />

thyroid hormone,<br />

내<br />

분<br />

비<br />

대<br />

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