Seeing clearly: Frame Semantic, Psycholinguistic, and Cross ...

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CHAPTER 5. WHAT THE DICTIONARIES SAY 180 Finally, a good bilingual dictionary will have idiomatic translations of its example sentences, but a good translation of a sentence does not necessarily include a good translation of each sense of each word in it. It is important for students to learn that word-for-word translations are often clumsy and sometimes impossible, and the bilingual dictionary is supposed to demonstrate that fact. It may help to think of the problem in terms of Frame Semantics. In some cases, there are very similar semantic frames across two cultures and the translation problem is a matter of nding equivalent linguistic forms for them. For example, the commercial transaction frame and many more speci c frames derived from it will be found in the cultures of all developed countries; we just need to learn that English for rent is French a louer and Chinese chuzu, and we will be able to recognize advertisements for apartments. In other cases, the frames are quite di erent across cultures, and the problem of translation are much deeper; e.g. it is very unlikely that the American culture-speci c sh story can be simply translated as ` sh' + `story' anywhere else in the world, and the culture-speci c Japanese term yagou `house/room-tag/number' has to be rendered by an explanatory phrase in English, `Kabuki actor's stage name'. 5.4 English-Spanish Dictionaries Collins English-Spanish Dictionary|Text (201) |vt a. (gen) ver (i) see page 8 vease la pagina 8 (ii) he's seen a lot of the world ha visto mucho mundo (iii) he'll not see 40againlos 40 ya no los cumple (iv) Ican see toread veo bastante bien para poder leer (v) to see sb do sthg ver a uno hacer algo (vi) I saw him coming lo vi venir (vii) he was seen to fall se le vio caer (viii) I saw it done in 1968 lo vi hacer en 1968 (ix) I'll see him damned rstantes le vere colgado (x) there was not a house to be seen no se veia ni una sola casa
CHAPTER 5. WHAT THE DICTIONARIES SAY 181 (xi) this dress is not t to be seen este vestido no se puede ver (xii) he's not t to be seen in public no se le puede presentar a los ojos del publico b. (accompany) acompa~nar (i) to see sb to the door acompa~nar a uno a la puerta (ii) to see a girl home acompa~nar una chica asucasa (iii) may I see you home? >puedo acompa~narte a casa? (iv) he was so drunk we had to see him to bed estaba tan borracho que tuvimos que llevarle a la cama c. (understand) comprender, entender, ver (i) Idon't see why no veo por que, no comprendo por que (ii) I fail to see howno comprendo como (iii) as far as I can see segun mi modo de entender las cosas; a mi ver (iv) this is how I see iteste es mi modo de entenderlo. yo lo entiendo as (v) the Russians see it di erently los rusos lo miran desde otro punto de vista, el criterio de los rusos es distinto (vi) I don't see it ( g) no creo queseaposible; no veo comosepodr a hacer d. (look, learn, perceive) mirar; observar; percibir (i) I saw only too clearly that ...percib demasiado bien que . . . (ii) Isee in the paper that . . . veo enelperiodico que . . . (iii) Did you see thatQueen Anne is dead? >has oido que ha muerto la reina Ana? (iv) Isee nothing wrong in it no le encuentro nada indebido (v) Idon't know what she sees in him no se lo que ella le encuentra e. (ensure) (i) to see (to it) that. . . procurar que + subj; asegurar que + subj (ii) see that he has all he needs cuida que tenga todo la que necesita (iii) see thatitdoes not happen again que no vuelva a ocurrir (iv) see that you have it ready for Monday procura tenerlo listo para el lunes (v) to see that sth is done procurar que algo se haga f. (visit. frequent) ver, visitar
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Seeing clearly: Frame Semantic, Psy
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Seeing clearly: Frame Semantic, Psy
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Next three psycholinguistic experim
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BasicSenses........................
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Acknowledgements Careful citations
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acquisition. Aside from needing to
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Chapter 1 Introduction Xue er bu s,
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CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION 3 In lingui
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CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION 5 Although
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CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION 7 part on t
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CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION 9 is not cl
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CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION 11 1980:10-
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CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION 13 L.U. Lex
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CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION 15 spondenc
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CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION 17 happy an
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CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION 19 shows th
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CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION 21 Regular
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CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION 23 base for
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CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION 25 d. The i
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CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION 27 (12) a.
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CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION 29 linguist
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CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION 31 Introspe
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CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION 33 on the o
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CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION 35 they con
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CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION 37 meaning
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Chapter 2 A Frame Semantic Analysis
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CHAPTER 2. A FRAME SEMANTIC ANALYSI
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Chapter 3 Other Cognitive Approache
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CHAPTER 3. OTHER COGNITIVE APPROACH
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Semantics of Seer entity setting ph
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CHAPTER 6. FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIO
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BIBLIOGRAPHY 239 Bierwisch, Manfred
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BIBLIOGRAPHY 241 ||, & B.T.S. Atkin
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BIBLIOGRAPHY 243 ||. 1990. The inva
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BIBLIOGRAPHY 245 Osgood, C.E. 1970.
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BIBLIOGRAPHY 247 Wasow, Thomas. 198
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Appendix A Additional Corpus Exampl
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APPENDIX A. ADDITIONAL CORPUS EXAMP
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APPENDIX A. ADDITIONAL CORPUS EXAMP
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APPENDIX B. SUMMARY OF MORPHOLOGY A
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APPENDIX C. EXPERIMENT 1 257 Recogn
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APPENDIX C. EXPERIMENT 1 259 to lea
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APPENDIX C. EXPERIMENT 1 261 At the
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Appendix D Stimuli for Experiments
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APPENDIX D. STIMULI FOR EXPERIMENTS
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Index activation, 13, 136, 137, 231
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INDEX 277 description, 82 see proce
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INDEX 279 173{178, 186, 190{192, 20
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