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Appendix B Summary of Morphology and Syntax of Senses Some of the syntactic and semantic restrictions on senses discussed in Chapter 2 are summarized in Table B.1 on the next page. The second column indicates for each sense whether physical vision is presupposed, impossible, or unspeci ed. We should note that blind people use senses very similar to many of those listed here to mean `perceive bytouching', `visit', `consult', etc. without the usual entailment ofphysical vision, so the items in this column may only apply when the seer possesses normal vision. This may constitute a dialect di erence for blind speakers, but at least one such use is common to virtually all speakers, Let me see it, accompanied by holding out the hand to receive a small object. The universal children's trick of responding to this request by holding up the object but not handing it over and the resulting frustration of the speaker, suggest that what is intended by the request is not only a closer visual inspection, but also a tactile one. The next column shows whether a passive form exists for each sense, while the last column tells whether or not the sense can occur with progressive aspect. The items marked with (,) in the column for Progressive usually cannot occur in the progressive, but can be \coerced" to take the progressive in the rightcontext (Ex. (1-a)), just like many other verbs which normally resist the progressive (Ex. (1-b)) (also cf. Frawley (1992:147) on converting statives to actives by making them progressive). (1) a. As the mist clears, he's gradually seeing more and more of the trees on the ridge. b. As she matures, she's liking candy and ice cream less and co ee more. It is unclear how the facts represented by this table can be motivated from the analysis presented so far. 254
APPENDIX B. SUMMARY OF MORPHOLOGY AND SYNTAX OF SENSES 255 Sense Vision Subject Passive Tense Prog. eye + A + any (,) a recognize , A + any (,) a process u A , any (,) a visit + H , any any classify u H + any (,) a determine u A , any any read + H + any any spectate + H + any any condition +/u A , any (,) a envision , H , any (,) a ensure u A? + any any consult + H + any any setting , place/time , ? any see t , H , any (,) a esperience , b , any any dating + H ? any (+) c let's see , 's d , pres , news + H , any (,) a see through x , H ? any any see x through , e , any any see o ? A + any any faculty + A , any any gambling ? H + pres? , hallucinate ,? A + any any y'see , H , pres , scan ,? inan. + any any a Usually not progressive, but see the text for exceptions. b Must be a physical object; may behuman. c Usually progressive but there are exceptions in the right context. d The colloquial form must be contracted; let us see is di erent, i.e., sense discourse . e See the discussion in the text for details of the semantics of the subject of this sense. Table B.1: Syntactic Restrictions on Senses
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BasicSenses........................
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Acknowledgements Careful citations
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acquisition. Aside from needing to
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Chapter 1 Introduction Xue er bu s,
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CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION 3 In lingui
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Chapter 2 A Frame Semantic Analysis
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CHAPTER 2. A FRAME SEMANTIC ANALYSI
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CHAPTER 3. OTHER COGNITIVE APPROACH
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Page 257 and 258: BIBLIOGRAPHY 245 Osgood, C.E. 1970.
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