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2368 J. Med. Plants Res. ketones Figure 1. HRGC chromatogram of C. nobilis Lour var. deliciosa Swingle leaf oil. Two ketone compounds identified in the analysis were carvone and geranyl acetone. Among the three organs examined flower showed the highest content of ketones (Table 2). Flower ketones were also compared to those of leaf and peel in this study. Geranyl acetone was identified in flower oil, while it was not detected in leaf and peel (Table 2). Monoterpene hydrocarbons The total amount of monoterpene hydrocarbons ranged (from 51.87 to 95.62%). Sabinene was the major component among the monoterpene hydrocarbons of C. nobilis flower and leaf oil while limonene was the major component among the monoterpene hydrocarbons of C. nobilis peel oil. Limonene has a weak citrus-like aroma (Sawamura et al., 2004) and is considered as one of the major contributors to tangerine flavor (Salem, 2003). Among the three organs examined, peel had the highest monoterpenes hydrocarbons in oil (Table 2). Sesquiterpene hydrocarbons The total amount of sesquiterpene hydrocarbons ranged (from 0.31 to 2.01%). -elemene, (Z)-β-caryophyllene and E, E-α- farnesene were the major components among the sesquiterpene hydrocarbons of C.nobilis flower and leaf oil. Among the three organs examined,
Darjazi 2369 Table 2. Statistical analysis of variation in volatile components of flower, leaf and peel of Citrus nobilis Lour var. deliciosa Swingle. Mean is average composition (%) in the different organs used with three replicates. St. err. = standard error. F value is acc ompanied by its significance, indicated by: NS = not significant, * = significant at P = 0.05, ** = significant at P = 0.01. S/No Compounds Oxygenated compounds Flower Mean St.err Leaf Mean St.err Peel Mean St.err a Aldehyds 1 Octanal 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.14 0.006 2 Citronellal 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.005 3 Decanal 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.12 0.005 4 Neral 0.07 0.00 0.07 0.001 0.00 0.00 5 Geranial 0.009 0.001 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 6 β-sinensal 2.08 0.16 1.78 0.08 0.00 0.00 7 α-sinensal 1.79 0.19 0.85 0.04 0.00 0.00 Total 3.94 0.35 2.70 0.12 0.29 0.01 b b) Alcohols 1 linalool 24.91 1.35 23.47 0.10 0.58 0.01 F** 2 Cis-p-menth-2-en-1-ol 0.26 0.11 0.31 0.01 0.00 0.00 3 Trans-p-menth-2-en-1-ol 0.29 0.03 0.10 0.01 0.00 0.00 4 (E)- β-terpineol 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 5 Terpinene-4-ol 4.00 0.20 4.28 0.02 0.02 0.005 F** 6 α-terpineol 0.80 0.10 0.50 0.05 0.10 0.006 7 Thymol methyl ether 0.00 0.00 1.10 0.01 0.00 0.00 8 Tymol 0.00 0.00 0.14 0.01 0.00 0.00 9 Elemol 0.00 0.00 0.20 0.001 0.00 0.00 10 (E)-nerolidol 7.51 0.29 0.10 0.01 0.00 0.00 11 Spathulenol 0.46 0.06 0.14 0.01 0.00 0.00 12 α-muurolol 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.005 0.00 0.00 13 α-cadinol 0.00 0.00 0.05 0.005 0.00 0.00 14 Phytol 0.00 0.00 0.12 0.005 0.00 0.00 15 Globulol 0.09 0.001 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 16 E,E-cis-farnesol 0.79 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Total 39.11 2.17 30.56 0.24 0.70 0.02 C Esters 1 Linalyl acetate 0.09 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2 Terpinyl acetate 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3 Citronellyl acetate 0.01 0.005 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4 Neryl acetate 0.009 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.005 5 Granyl acetate 0.02 0.005 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.005 Total 0.13 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.07 0.01 d Ketones 1 Carvone 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 2 Geranyl acetone 0.04 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Total 0.04 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 Monoterpenes 1 α -thujene 0.007 0.00 0.54 0.004 0.008 0.00 2 α -pinene 0.93 0.16 2.04 0.03 0.46 0.01 F** 3 sabinene 36.33 1.02 38.91 0.23 0.19 0.006 F** 4 β- pinene 1.42 0.45 1.75 0.06 0. 30 0.02
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Journal of Medicinal Plants Researc
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Editors Prof. Akah Peter Achunike E
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Electronic submission of manuscript
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Fees and Charges: Authors are requi
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Table of Contents: Volume 6 Number
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Figure 1. Chuanxiong Rhizoma (http:
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Table 1. Identification of main pea
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Table 3. Pharmacokinetic parameters
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active component study, many invest
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and 1185 kg ha -1 in the first site
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Table 1. Recommendation for use fer
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Sadanandan AK, Hamza S (1996c). Stu
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and it has been traced to South Ame
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Table 3. Results of phytochemical a
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(a) (b) (c) Figure 1. (a) Normal ce
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emedies in the south of Brazil. J.
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known fatty acids and terpenoids we
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Table 1. Renal function tests of ra
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Al-Radahe et al. 2271 Figure 3.nnnn
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namely disruption of the vascular e
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Zayachkivska OS, Konturek SJ, Drozd
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β-carotene were purchased from Sig
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Figure 1. Effect of ethanol concent
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Table 3. Climatic and soil factors
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content of polysaccharides. Phospha
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Serge et al. 2285 Table 1. Relative
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Percentage inhibition % of inhibiti
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Table 1. Result of phytochemical sc
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Table 3. Result of thin layer chrom
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Table 2. MIC of a compound 1 from c
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Zirihi et al. 2301 Figure 2. Termin
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Figure 5. T. catappa Linn. (Combret
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Figure 8. A. fumigatus: Aspect of c
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Figure 12. Sensitivity of A. fumiga
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Noormi et al. 2311 Table 1. Callus
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Table 2. Contd. NoC=No callus. 4.0
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Figure 2. Contd. at 2.0 mg/L yellow
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Page 93 and 94: Table 1. Biochemical parameters in
Page 95 and 96: Figure 3. Bcl-xL reactions in inter
Page 97 and 98: ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The authors would l
Page 99 and 100: Figure 1. The first page of the boo
Page 101 and 102: Figure 3. The most widely included
Page 103 and 104: Figure 4. Lithographic print “St.
Page 105 and 106: Table 1. List of plants included in
Page 107 and 108: Table 1. Contd. Nedelcheva 2333 Cin
Page 109 and 110: Table 1. Contd. Nedelcheva 2335 Rhe
Page 111 and 112: 14 7 1 15 1 35 17 16 Imported plant
Page 113 and 114: Academy of Science Publishing House
Page 115 and 116: et al., 1996; van Wyk and Gericke,
Page 117 and 118: DPPH inhibition (%) DPPH % inhibiti
Page 119 and 120: % Mortality Concentration (µg/ml)
Page 121 and 122: information on plants used for the
Page 123 and 124: Table 1. Levels of independent vari
Page 125 and 126: Arbutin (mg/g) Co-solvent Figure 1.
Page 129 and 130: Arbutin (mg/g) Extraction pressure
Page 131 and 132: Table 3. Arbuitn content of Asian p
Page 135 and 136: Arbutin (mg/g) Extraction pressure
Page 137 and 138: Arbutin (mg/g) Extraction temperatu
Page 141: Table 1. Chemical composition of es
Page 145 and 146: Table 3. Correlation matrix (number
Page 149 and 150: Table 1. Precision test. extraction
Page 151 and 152: Figure 2. Effect of different alcoh
Page 153 and 154: Table 6. Results of ANOVA. Nie et a
Page 157 and 158: Table 2. Plant data and MIC values
Page 159 and 160: exhibiting the polar extracts of P.
Page 161 and 162: Table 3. Contd. AcOEt ++ ++ ++ - Me
Page 163 and 164: Figure 1. Map of Ladakh region of I
Page 165 and 166: Warghat et al. 2391 Table 3. Summar
Page 167 and 168: Table 5. Inter-Population genetic i
Page 169 and 170: Excoffier L, Smouse PE, Quattro JM
Page 171 and 172: ice residue is an ideal raw materia
Page 173 and 174: DPPH• scavenging ratio(%) OD valu
Page 175 and 176: scavenging effect on free radical a
Page 177 and 178: our new CL system. Fenton reaction
Page 179 and 180: 1 2 Time (s) Figure 2. Kinetic curv
Page 181 and 182: Wong et al., 2006). It can be seen
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2430 J. Med. Plants Res. Table 1. C
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2432 J. Med. Plants Res. Table 2. D
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2434 J. Med. Plants Res. Table 6. T
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2436 J. Med. Plants Res. budget dur
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2440 J. Med. Plants Res. Table 1. R
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2442 J. Med. Plants Res. Stability
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2444 J. Med. Plants Res. production
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2446 J. Med. Plants Res. Figure 2.
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2450 J. Med. Plants Res. Table 2. A
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2452 J. Med. Plants Res. Ghasemi Pi
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2454 J. Med. Plants Res. Table 1. I
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2456 J. Med. Plants Res. Table 3. M
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2460 J. Med. Plants Res. Department
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2462 J. Med. Plants Res. Table 3. E
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2466 J. Med. Plants Res. AOAC (2000
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2470 J. Med. Plants Res. Table 1. F
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2472 J. Med. Plants Res. Table 3. S
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2480 J. Med. Plants Res. Table 1. W
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2486 J. Med. Plants Res. components
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2490 J. Med. Plants Res. Inhibition
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2494 J. Med. Plants Res. can increa
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2500 J. Med. Plants Res. Flowering
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2502 J. Med. Plants Res. harvest in
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2512 J. Med. Plants Res. over-expre
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2516 J. Med. Plants Res. Table 1. P
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2524 J. Med. Plants Res. ACKNOWLEDG
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UPCOMING CONFERENCES 15th European
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