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TAL
Dublin, on the mail coach road from Waterford through
Youghal to Cork; containing 4717 inhabitants, of which
number; 2998 are in the town. This place, together
with the surrounding territory, was, in 1586, granted
by Queen Elizabeth to Sir Walter Raleigh, by whom
the estates were subsequently assigned to Sir Richard
Boyle, afterwards created Earl of Cork. In the origi-
nal grant it is designated a decayed town, but it was
restored by the Earl, who in the 11th of Jas. I. ob-
tained for the inhabitants a charter of incorporation
and various important privileges. Though not walled,
an intrenchment with four gates was thrown up around
it for its defence, during the war in 1641, by the
Earl, who maintained here a garrison of 100 infantry;
and in 1643 the Earl of Inchiquin, with his army,
met the Lords Dungarvan and Broghill at this place,
whence they proceeded to the relief of Lismore castle,
at that time besieged. In 1644 the castle of Bally-
macow, near the town, was taken from Sir Philip Per-
ceval by the Irish, but was soon after restored by
order of the supreme council at Kilkenny, in conse-
quence of its seizure having been a violation of the
cessation of hostilities previously concluded.
The town is situated about half a mile to the
south of the river Bride, and consists chiefly of two
principal streets; it contained, in 1831, 477 houses, of
which many are well built and of respectable appear-
ance. The wool-combing business was formerly car-
ried on extensively; but at present the principal trade
is in grain, which is brought from Fermoy and the
neighbouring markets to be shipped here. The ma-
nufacture of coarse lace affords employment to several
hundred females; an extensive ale and porter brewery
was established here in 1835, by Messrs. Anthony and
Terry, which produces annually 3000 barrels; and at-
tached to it is a large malting concern. There are also
very extensive flour-mills, belonging to Messrs. Hannan,
which were built in 1822, and produce annually 10,000
barrels of flour; they are set in motion by a powerful
stream which rises to the south of the town and falls
into the river Bride at Tallow bridge. The Bride,
which winds through the parish, is navigable to within
a quarter of a mile of the bridge; and at Janeville
quay, about 2 miles distant, lighters from 30 to 40 tons’
burden unload their cargoes of coal, culm, and timber,
and receive grain at Tallow bridge quay; the river Bride,
from its junction with the Black-water, affording a faci-
lity of water carriage to Youghal. A new line of road
has been constructed to Youghal, opening an improved
communication between this place and the neighbour-
ing towns. The market is on Saturday; and fairs are
held on March 1st, Trinity-Monday, Oct. 10th, and
Dec. 8th: the market-house is a neat and well-arranged
building.
A charter of incorporation was granted by Jas. I.,
in the 11th of his reign, to the inhabitants, under the
designation of the “Sovereign, Free Burgesses, and
Commonalty of the borough of Tallagh,” by which the
town and the surrounding lands within a mile and a
half of the parish church were constituted a free bo-
rough. By this charter the corporation was to consist
of a sovereign, not less than 13 nor more than 24 free
burgesses, and an indefinite number of freemen, with a
recorder and other officers. The sovereign, who, with
the recorder, was a justice of the peace, was chosen
589
TAL
annually by the lord of the manor from the free bur-
gesses nominated for that purpose by the sovereign and
a majority of that body, by whom vacancies in their
number were filled up from among the freemen, and
freemen were also admitted. The charter conferred
upon the corporation the privilege of returning two
members to the Irish parliament, which it continued
to exercise till the union, when the borough was dis-
franchised. It held a court of record in which the
sovereign and recorder presided, with jurisdiction ex-
tending to £20; but, long before the disfranchisement
of the borough, the corporation had ceased to exercise
any municipal functions, and soon afterwards became
extinct. The seneschal of the manor for some time
continued to hold a court, with jurisdiction to the ex-
tent of £15: but this has been for some time discon-
tinued, and the only pleas now cognizable in the manor
court are for debts not exceeding 40s. A chief constabu-
lary police force is stationed in the town.
The parish comprises 4745 statute acres, as applotted
under the tithe act; about 400 acres are pasture, 100
mountainous but in cultivation, and the remainder
chiefly under tillage; the soil is fertile, and the system
of agriculture improved; there is neither waste land
nor bog. The surrounding district produces abundance
of grain of all kinds, and there are some extensive
dairies. Kilmore Hill, the residence of the Rev. W.
Perceval, is a handsome seat on the new line of road
to Youghal, about a mile from the town. The living
is a rectory, in the diocese of Lismore, episcopally united,
in 1817, to the vicarage of Kilwatermoy, and in the pa-
tronage of the Duke of Devonshire. The tithes amount
to £369. 4. 7.; the glebe comprises about 5 acres, and
the tithes for the whole benefice amount to £457. 16. 10½.
The church, for the repairs of which the Ecclesiastical
Commissioners have recently granted £259, is a spa-
cious structure: in the aisle is a monument of marble,
erected by the parishioners to the Rev. H. Brougham,
their late rector, who died in 1831. The R. C. parish
is co-extensive with that of the Established Church:
the chapel is a handsome cruciform edifice, with a tower
of hewn stone; the interior is neatly arranged; the
high altar is of elegant design, and over a small altar of
marble is a monument to the Rev. Denis O’Donnell,
late P. P., with an emblematic sculpture, beautifully
executed, representing Religion and Charity. A con-
vent of the order of the Presentation was erected here
in 1836, at an expense of £1500, on a site of two acres
presented by the Duke of Devonshire; the late Rev.
D. O’Donnell bequeathed £1000 towards the erection
of the buildings, and the Rev, E. Condon, under whose
superintendence they were completed, supplied the re-
mainder. About 450 children are taught in four public
schools, of which one is supported by the Trustees of
Erasmus Smith’s fund; and there are seven private
schools, in which are about 200 children. Almshouses
have lately been erected under the will of John Boyce,
Esq., who endowed them for the reception of six aged
couples, to each of whom he assigned £10 per ann.:
the buildings, which are very neat and well adapted to
the purpose, are situated at the southern entrance of
the town. Near the R. C. chapel are also almshouses
for poor widows, erected and endowed with £30 per
ann. by a bequest of the late Rev. D. O’Donnell. There
are a dispensary and a fever hospital, to which the