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DUB
case was performed in Christ-Church by Gelasius, Arch-
bishop of Armagh; and the custom of having recourse to
Canterbury was never afterwards resumed. Archbishop
Laurence proceeded to Rome in 1179, where he assisted
at the second council of Lateran, and obtained a bull con-
firming that which had decreed the dioceses of Glenda-
lough, Kildare, Ferns, Leighlin, and Ossory, to be suf-
fragan to the metropolitan see of Dublin. On the death
of Laurence, Hen. II. bestowed the archbishoprick on
John Comyn, an Englishman, and granted him the tempo-
ralities with power to hold manor courts. The archbishops
henceforward were lords of parliament in right of the ba-
rony of Coillach. On Comyn’s consecration, Pope Lu-
cius III. invested the see with sole supreme ecclesiastical
authority within the province, whence originated the long-
continued controversy between the archbishops of Ar-
magh and Dublin, which is fully detailed in the account
of the former see. In the archiepiscopal investiture
granted by Cardinal Paparo, the dioceses of Dublin and
Glendalough are considered to be, strictly speaking, a
single see; but in compliance with the wishes of the in-
habitants of the mountain districts, which contained the
latter, it was allowed to retain its name and a separate
subordinate existence. But King John, in 11S5, granted
to Comyn the reversion of this bishoprick on its next
avoidance, and the charter to this effect was confirmed by
Matthew O’Heney, archbishop of Cashel,the Pope’s legate,
at a synod held in Dublin in 1192. But though this
union was legally effected about the year 1214, the moun-
tain clans, who were still unamenable to English law, long
continued to appoint their own bishops of Glendalough.
Henry de Loundres, the next archbishop, appears to
have exercised the privileges of a peer of parliament in
England, perhaps in right of the manor of Penkridge in
Staffordshire, granted to the see by Hugh Hussey,
founder of the Galtrim family in Ireland, and which
long formed a peculiar of the diocese. The same
prelate raised the collegiate church of St. Patrick,
which had been erected by his predecessor, to the dig-
nity of a cathedral, in consequence of which the diocese
continues to have two cathedral churches. This cir-
cumstance afterwards gave rise to a violent contest be-
tween the two chapters as to the right of electing an
archbishop. The dispute was terminated by an agree-
ment that the archbishop should be consecrated and
enthroned in Christ-Church, which, as being the more
ancient, should have the precedency; and that the cro-
sier, mitre, and ring of every archbishop, in whatever
place he died, should be deposited in it, but that both
churches should be cathedral and metropolitan. There
have been always two archdeaconries in the united dio-
cese of Dublin and Glendalough, whose jurisdictions
may have been formerly coterminous with their respec-
tive sees; but the long and intimate union of these, and
the little use made of the archidiaconal functions, render
it nearly impossible to define their respective limits with
any degree of accuracy.
The records of Christ-Church inform us that it owes
its foundation to Sitric, the son of Anlaffe, king of Dublin,
who, about the year 1038, gave to Donat, bishop of that
see, a place where arches or vaults were built, on which to
erect a church to the honour of the Blessed Trinity, to
whom the building was accordingly dedicated. It was
originally the conventual church of a monastery of secular
canons unattached to any of the cenobitical orders, who
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were changed by Laurence O’Toole, in 1163, to canons
regular of the order of Arras, a branch of the Augusti-
nians. Sitrie originally endowed this establishment
with some small tracts on the sea coast of the present
county of Dublin; and these possessions were greatly
extended after the arrival of the English, when the suc-
cessive augmentations of its revenue raised it to the rank
of one of the most important priories in the island. Its
privileges were confirmed by Henry II. and his suc-
cessors; its priors were spiritual peers of parliament.
This convent had anciently an endowed cell in the dio-
cese of Armagh.
In 1541, Henry VIII. changed the monastic esta-
blishment into a dean and chapter, confirming its
ancient estates and immunities, and making Paynes-
wick, the last prior, its first dean on the new founda-
tion, which consisted of a dean, chanter, chancellor,
treasurer, and six vicars choral. Archbishop Brown, in
1544, erected in this church the three prebends of St.
Michael’s, St. Michan’s, and St. John’s; and from the
time of these alterations it has generally borne the name
of Christ-Church, instead of that of the Holy Trinity.
King Edward VI. added six priests and two choristers
or singing-boys, to whom he assigned a pension of
£45. 6. 8. per annum, payable out of the exchequer
during pleasure. Queen Mary confirmed this pension,
and granted it in perpetuity. James I. made some
further alterations, and ordained that the archdeacon of
Dublin should have a stall in the choir, and a voice and
seat in the chapter in all capitular acts relating to the
church. Welbore Ellis, the eleventh dean, installed in
1705, was subsequently made Bishop of Kildare, from
which period the deanery has continued to be held in
commendam with that bishoprick. The gross annual
revenue of the deanery, on an average of three years
ending Dec. 31st, 1831, was £5314. 5.11½. The cathedral
establishment consists at present, therefore, of the dean
(who is also Bishop of Kildare, and is guardian of the
temporalities of the see during its vacancy on the death
or avoidance of the archbishop), chanter, chancellor, trea-
surer, archdeacon, and the three above-named prebenda-
ries, under whom are six vicars choral, six stipendiaries or
choirmen, and six singing boys and a registrar. The ad-
vowsons of the Dean and Chapter are (besides the three
prebends already mentioned) the rectories of St. Mary,
St. Paul, and St. Thomas, and the vicarage of Balscaddan,
all in Dublin diocese; the alternate presentation to the
rectory of St. George, Dublin, and the fourth turn to
the union of Baronstown, in the county of Louth. For
the repairs of the building and the payment of the in-
ferior officers there is an economy fund, amounting on
an average of three years ending 31st of Dec, 1831, to
£2386. 8. 6. per ann., arising mostly from rents, tithes,
and the dividends on about £10,000 funded property,
including also the above-named pension.
The Ecclesiastical province of Dublin, over which the
Archbishop presides, comprehends the dioceses of Dublin
and Glendalough, Kildare, Ossory, Ferns, and Leighlin.
It is entirely included in the civil province of Leinster,
and is estimated to comprise an area of 1,827,250 acres.
Under the Church Temporalities’ Act (3rd and 4th of
Wm. IV., c. 37), on the next vacancy in the bishoprick of
Kildare, that see is to be permanently united with
Dublin and Glendalough; and in like manner the
bishoprick of Ossory is to be permanently united with
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