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cording to Archdall, St. Domangart founded a monas-
tery here at the foot of the mountain, but no traces of
it can be discerned: near the spot, however, is a burial-
ground with the ruins of a chapel, called St. Vaugh’s,
the rude architecture of which denotes its remote origin.
The parish is situated on the shore of St. George’s chan-
nel, and terminates in Carnsore Point, the south-eastern
extremity of Ireland, in lat. 52° 10’ (N.) and Ion. 6° 16’
45” (W.); it is bounded on the south and east by the
sea, and on the west by the lough of Lady’s Island, and
comprises 1739 statute acres, as applotted under the
tithe act, nearly the whole of which is arable and pas-
ture. With the exception of a small eminence called
the hill of Chour, at the south-west point, the surface is
flat, and being destitute of timber has a very naked
aspect: the soil, though naturally poor, is, from the
extensive use of sea-weed and marl as manure, rendered
very productive. Little improvement has taken place
in the system of agriculture, except the practice of
drilling potatoes, which has been lately introduced;
the arable lands in many parts are so interspersed with
large stones as greatly to obstruct the progress of the
plough. Beans, which form one of the principal crops,
find a ready market at Wexford for exportation. The
farm buildings are neat, and the dwellings of the pea-
santry have an appearance of cleanliness and comfort.
The principal articles of fuel are furze and bean-stalks;
some sea coal is brought from Wexford. The road from
Carnsore Point to that town divides the parish into
two nearly equal parts. Castletown, situated in the
centre of the parish, about a quarter of a mile to the
west of the main road, was formerly the ancient man-
sion of the Pallisers. Castle Palliser was erected by
the late Capt. Pierce Harvey, and is now in the occupa-
tion of Sir Hugh Palliser, Bart. On the beach is Carna
House, the seat of J. Howlin, Esq. Some coarse linen
and linsey woolsey are manufactured for home consump-
tion; and during the season about twelve boats are
employed in the herring and lobster fisheries carried on
off the coast, on which are two small but convenient
creeks, one at Came and the other at Nethertown. At
Came bay is a coast-guard station, which is one of the
six stations comprehended within the Wexford district,
and has a detachment at Tacumshane. The living is a
rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Ferns, and in the
patronage of the Bishop: the tithes amount to £280.
The church is a plain edifice of great antiquity, without
tower or spire, for the repairs of which the Ecclesiastical
Commissioners have recently granted £114. The glebe-
house, a neat substantial building with suitable out-
offices, was erected in the year 1802 by the present
incumbent, the Rev. R. Bevan, at an expense of £1039,
of which £100 was granted, by the late Board of
First Fruits: the glebe comprises nine acres. In the
R. C. divisions the parish is in the district of Lady’s
island, attached to which is a school attended by the
children of this parish. On the estate of the Waddy
family are the remains of the ancient castle of Cloest,
built by the earliest English settlers in the reign of
Hen. II., and consisting of a tower between 70 and 80
feet high in good preservation.
CARNEARNEY, a hamlet, in the parish of AHOGH-
ILL, barony of LOWER TOOME, county of ANTRIM, and
province of ULSTER, on the river Maine; containing
12 houses and 60 inhabitants.
VOL. I.—265
CAR
CARNEW, a market and post-town, and a parish,
partly in the baronies of SCAREWALSH and GOREY,
county of WEXFORD, but chiefly in the barony of SHIL-
LELAGH, county of WICKLOW, and province of LEIN-
STER, 23 miles (S. W. by S.) from Wicklow, and 47
(S. by W.) from Dublin; containing 6865 inhabitants,
of which number, 826 are in the town. During the
disturbances of 1798, Col. Walpole, who had been
ordered to collect what forces he could and place them
under the command of Gen. Loftus, then at Gorey,
arrived at this place on the evening of June 2nd, with
500 men, two six-pounders, and a Howitzer, which he
stationed here as the best point from which to attack
the insurgents, who were encamped at Ballymore Hill.
On the following day, leaving two companies in the
town, he marched with the remainder to Gorey, where,
in conjunction with Gen. Loftus, he concerted a plan
for attacking the enemy by two different routes on the
following day. But unfortunately disregarding the ar-
rangement he had made, and rashly assuming the entire
command, he led his men into a defile, where a great
number were slaughtered, and he was killed in the first
onset. The insurgents, after spending several days in
plundering the town and neighbourhood of Gorey,
advanced to Carnew, which they destroyed, with the
exception of a malt-house, in which the garrison had
retired; and after several ineffectual attacks, in which
they sustained considerable loss, pursued their march
to Kilcavan Hill. Near Ballyellis, also, while a troop
of the ancient Britons, under the command of Capt.
Erskine, was on its march to attack the insurgents, they
blocked up the way with cars, carts, &c., hemmed in
the little party on all sides, and killed every one of the
troop, who were all buried in the vicinity. The town
is situated on the road from Gorey to Tullow and Car-
low, and on the side of a mountainous eminence that
overlooks a fertile valley. It consists principally of one
street, containing 131 houses, and has, during the last
three or four years, been greatly improved by Earl
Fitzwilliam, who has, besides other buildings, erected
two rows of neat houses. The air is salubrious, and
there is a good supply of water, but peat is obtained
only from a bog at the distance of seven miles. Two
snuff and tobacco manufactories, and a small brewery,
are carried on. The market is on Thursday, chiefly
for potatoes, pigs, and poultry; and horse and cattle
fairs, which are frequently attended by English dealers,
are held by patent on the first Thursday after the 12th
of Feb., May, Aug., and Nov. Four other fairs have
been recently established, and are held on the 1st of
April, July, and Oct., and Dec. 22nd., Petty sessions
are held on alternate Saturdays, in a neat building
erected by Earl Fitzwilliam, over which is the con-
stabulary police barrack, this town being the residence
of the chief constable of the Tinahely district.
The parish comprises 23, 137 statute acres, as ap-
plotted under the tithe act, of which 15,084 are in
Wicklow, and 8053 in Wexford: about one-fifteenth is
waste land, and there are 500 acres of woodland; the
remainder is arable and pasture. The soil is in general
fertile, and the lands chiefly under tillage; and the
system of agriculture has been greatly improved since
the institution of the Shillelagh and Casha Farming
Society at Coolattin, by the late Earl Fitzwilliam, in
1830. At Kilcavan are quarries of building stone and
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