0 - The Black Vault

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=BDM CORPORATION POLICY GUIDANCE NSC, OSD, STATE POLICY GUIDANCE AND DIRECTIVE CINCPAC ics i 0 JSOP LONG-TERM PROJECTION JSCP SHORT-TERM PROJECTION OPLANSjN 32-YR. 37. YR. CINCUSARPAC CNPCL ICAA OP LANS PASOLN 32-YR. 32 VR. 3LYj (SUBORDINATE COMMANDS SUPPORTING PLANS' r LtVMUSMACV ILLUSTRATVE VIETNAM PLPNS * COMUSSEA (DR COMUSEASIA) 0 32- YR. DEFEND IIJDOCHINA COMMANDER CENTRAL RECION A 32 YR. 34-A. COVERT IN ORV * 37- YR. STABLIZE qVN SEATO FIELD FORCES 0 99 YR. STA!LIZE LAOS 4541/78W -31-A 0 SEATC 4- 0EFEND h40OCHINA Figure 3-1. Planning Relatiunships - Simolified (Illistrative) pv .- 4
THE BDM CORPORATION The overall objective of US contingency plans for Southeest Asia was contzinment of communism, specificaly to prevent the takeover of Cambodia, Laos, and South Vietnam by communist North Vietnam or by China. That objective was an integral part of the American "containment" strategy first proposed by George Kennan, This strategy provided for an "unalterable counterforce" to the communists "at every point where they show signs of encroachment".13/ The spectre of possible Chinese military intervention in Indochina was a central element of US planning. The Chinese inte-venti)n in Korea had caught some US officials, and General MacArthur in particular, by surprise, US planners were determined not to overlook the possibility of Chinese intervention in any conflict in Indochina. General MacArthur had miscalc'lated the PRC's intentions in Korea a' first, but he later raised the possibility of Peking extending its military power into Southeast Asia.. In April 1951, he stated that China was an ;:aggressive imperialist power" whose vigorous thrusts were evident "not only in Korea but also in Indochina and Tibet and pointing potentially toward the South".14/ At the same time, US planners were reluctant to commit American ground forces to yet another long inconclusive war suL: as that in Korea, The US ground forces were small in number compared to the Chinese Peoples' Liberation A-my, yet enjoyed a decisive superiority over thc Chinese in air and naval capabilities. Therefore, the earliest US plans for operations were tailored to make maximum use of the USAF's conventional and nulear capability, and to optimize the US Navy's ability to blockade long stretches of coastline. In that way, US planners believed that the Aimerican military force would be best employed -- with -elatively few expected US losses -- to protect the non-communist states of Indochina. 3. Planning Highlights TWO US contingency plans in support of Frenc. forces in Indochina during the early 1950s warrant mention, as they illustrate the considerations given to joining forces against the communists. As early as 1951, G-2 and G-3 planners in Fleet Marine Force, Pacific, in Hawaii, prepared a staf study (then Top Secret) dealing with US Navy and US Marine Corps 3-5
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CORPORATION DIIN [MEN Nit)U 0Q A AS
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m CORPORATION 7915 Jones Branch Dri
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[ •THE BDM CORPORATION PREPACE A.
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THE BDM CORPORATION 0 Negotiations
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THE BDM CORPORATION no political co
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0 PREVENAT COMMON SMA S DRIVE 1I, D
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THE BDM CORPORATION TAELE OF CONTEN
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THE BDM CORPORATION TABLE OF CONTEN
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4 THE BDM CORPORATION TABLE OF CONT
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I THE BDM CORPORATION LIST OF FIGUR
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~ $ THE E3DMV CORPORATION LIST OF T
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THE BDM CORPORA NON INSIGHTS Object
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THE BDM CORPORATION LESSON As long
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THE 8DM CORPORATION INSIGHTS Mobili
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THE BDM CORPORATION INSIGHTS Pacifi
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THE BDM CORPORATION LESSONS A gover
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-~ow -r 4, ~vr~ THE BDM CORPORATION
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THE BDM CORPORATION INSIGHTS Follow
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THE BDM CORPORATION OVERALL LESSON
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- - THE BDM CORPORATION non-communi
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THE BDM CORPORATION cu 0 aj00 - 1 0
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THE BDM CORPORATION the country was
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THE BDM CORPORATION V.- U - V- -L I
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THE BDM CORPORATION of communism, a
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THE BDM CORPORATION 0)) uI C u c- U
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THE BDM CORPORATION zz 0 0 w wa 0-
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THE BOM CORPORATION zl ro 0 0u 03m
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THE BDM CORPORATION Moscow and Peki
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THE BDM CORPORATION necessarily cau
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THE BDM CORPORATION * the ability o
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THE BDM CORPORATION CHAPTER 1 ENDNO
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THE BDM CORPORATION 27. Collins, "V
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THE BDM CORPORATION Volur.e III of
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jTHE BDM CORPORATION B. PHASED ASSE
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THE SDM CORPORATION 00 < )0 c
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THE BDM CORPORATION b. US Foreign P
Page 74 and 75: THE BDM CORPORATION institutions an
Page 76 and 77: F? - , W . MW w ,k 3. TOM "a THE BD
Page 78 and 79: THE BDM CORPORATION without a taint
Page 80 and 81: THE BDM CORPORATION 0 Economi, Aid
Page 82 and 83: THE BDM CORPORATION thus releasing
Page 84 and 85: THE BDM CORPORATION e. Assessment o
Page 86 and 87: THE BDM CORPORATION z u m z - 0 z m
Page 88 and 89: THE BDM CORPORATION win the war aga
Page 90 and 91: THE BDM CORPORATION Meanwhile, the
Page 92 and 93: MDM CORPORATION Few will argue agai
Page 94 and 95: 3DM CORPORATION The mission failed
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Page 98 and 99: THEBDMCORPORATION 00 cc AV 90 a 4 _
Page 100 and 101: [ THE BOM CORPORATION LL2 iIZi 040
Page 102 and 103: THE BDM CORPORATION rather tha:, le
Page 104 and 105: THE BDMV CORPORATION 0 war'nad that
Page 106 and 107: THE BDM CORPORATION V Vietnam milit
Page 108 and 109: THE BDM CORPORATION Z2-t Z , 2 ~ ..
Page 110 and 111: THE BDM CORPORATION directly or ind
Page 112 and 113: THE BCM CORPORATION S~2-48 focused
Page 114 and 115: StTHE BDM CORPORATION I! States' fo
Page 116 and 117: I.L THE BDM CORPORATION 17, US Depa
Page 118 and 119: 0DM CORPOFRATION 44. Ibid, p, 31. 4
Page 120 and 121: -i THE BDM CORPORATION 74. Frank Sn
Page 122 and 123: THE BDM CORPORATION offensive (Nort
Page 126 and 127: THE BDM CORPORATION involvement in
Page 128 and 129: THE BDM CORPORATION psychological,
Page 130 and 131: ,f THE BDM CORPORATION k Vietnamese
Page 132 and 133: THE BCM CORPORATION over Laos, "tri
Page 134 and 135: BDM STHE CORPORATION of the insurge
Page 136 and 137: THE BDM CORPORATION TABLE 3-1. STEP
Page 138 and 139: THE BDM CORPORATION Soperation. b.
Page 140 and 141: THE BDM CORPORATION INTELLIGENCE ,N
Page 142 and 143: THE BDM CORPORATION the expectation
Page 144 and 145: THE BDIM COP PORATION CHAPTER 3 END
Page 146 and 147: [ D0M CORPORATION 20. Ibid., first
Page 148 and 149: THE BDM CORPORATION Z9. General Wil
Page 150 and 151: THE BDM CORPORATION CHAPTER 4 MOBIL
Page 152 and 153: THE BOM CORPORATION 2> Xt > - ("1 I
Page 154 and 155: THE BDM CORPORATION call-up, the Ke
Page 156 and 157: THE BDM CORPORATION invasion prompt
Page 158 and 159: THE BDM CORPORATION Secretary of De
Page 160 and 161: "FHE BDM CORPORATION troop strength
Page 162 and 163: THE BDM CORPORATION because of the
Page 164 and 165: S THE BM CORPORATION 6 it made Sele
Page 166 and 167: THE BDM CORPOPATION up to active du
Page 168 and 169: THE BDM CORPORATION 0 A Marine rese
Page 170 and 171: THE BDM CORPORATION The reassessmen
Page 172 and 173: THE BDM COPPORATION personnel for t
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THE: BDM CORPORATION Specia, Assist
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THE BDM CORPORATION * (THOUSANDS) 3
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THE BDM CORPORATION By early 1968 t
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THE BD?,1 CORPORATION Reserve compo
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THE BDM CORPORATION Army should be
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THE BDM CORPORATION 18. DoD 'S/RVN
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THE BDM CORPORATION 47., Schandler,
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THE BDM CORPORATION CHAPTER 5 PACIF
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THE BDM CORPORATION ,F, I US involv
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' THE BDM CORPORATION LAn or,- w 0
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THE o•M CORPORATION Professor Her
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THE BDM CORPORATION In spite of obj
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THE BDMCORPORATION planning and imp
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7 THE BDM CORPORATION Program Title
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THE B)M CORPORATION Program Title.
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THE BDM CORPORATION 4. Strategic Ha
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THE BDM CORPORATION defense through
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THE BDMV CORPORATION BINH OUONG lRO
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THE BDM CORPORATION b, Program Resu
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THE BDM CORPORATION strength. Inste
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THE BDM CORPORATION support, provid
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THE BDM CORPORATION A former Vietna
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THE BOM CORPORATION r 0 Programs mo
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THE BDM CORPORATION Pacification di
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THE BDM CORPORATION Program Title:
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THE BDM CORPORATION [ 4F General We
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I THE BDM CORPORATION Program Title
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THE BDM CORPORATION Program Title-
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THE BDM CORPORATION Political turbu
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THE BDM CORPORATION The four NPA's
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THE BDM CORPORATION strategic th;nk
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THE BDM CORPORATION PVogram Title,
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THE S7 BDM CORPORATION Komer enjoye
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THE BDM CORPORATION - 4J 21. a) -n
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THE BDM CORPORATION Instead of kill
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THE BDM CORPORATION Chairman, JGS P
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THE BDM CORPORATION In 1970, after
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low. TýiE BDM CORPORATION SOME 8.2
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THE SI BDM CORPORATION t to decreas
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THE BDM CORPORATION When another se
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THE 3BDM CORPORATION * M-16 rifles
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THE BDM CORPORATION In turn, the US
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THE 8DM 'CORPORATION * Refugee Cont
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THE BOM CORPORATION After the 1973
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]'HE BDM COROORATION CHA`TER 5 ENDN
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THE BDM CORPORATION Lansdale, pp. 3
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THE BOM CORPORATION 46. Ibid., p, 1
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THE BOM CORPORATION 76. The Pentago
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THE BDM CORPORATION Strategic Hamle
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THE BDM CORPORATION 131. Grinter, p
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THE BDM CORPORATION CHAPTER 6 US WI
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THE BDM CORPORATION P_ The Vietnami
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THE BDM CORPORATION large residual
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Ti THE BOM CORPORATION .3. Concepts
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THE BDM CORPORATION establishing an
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THE BDM CORPORATION this study. (Se
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f THE BDM CORPORATION Vietnamese in
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THE BDM CORPORATION D. SUMMARY ANAL
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THE BOM CORPORATION English trainin
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' THE BDM CORPORATION tre sequence
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THE BOM CORPORATION FOOTNOTES a. SE
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THE BDM CORPORATION CHAPTER 6 ENDNO
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THE BDM CORPORATION 25. Army Attach
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THE BDM C09PORATION This chapter wi
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THE BDM CORPORATMO• blow to the F
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THE 8DM CORPORATION I . provide con
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THE BDM CORPORATION - their netiona
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THE BDMVICORPORATION US representat
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t THE SIM CORPOR4TION mcdification
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TI- THE BDM CORPOhATION 'If support
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THE BDM CORPORATION b. The First Se
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THE B0M CORPORATION Neutrality Trea
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THE BDM CORPORATION Sl: i ~~- i > ,
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F THE BOM CORPORATION bargaining. T
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THE BDM CORPORATION The US effort r
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THE BDM CORPORATION * elicit the as
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THE BOM CORPORATION Ambassador Harr
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THE 6DM CORPORATION 'A s u -ý -j A
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THE BDM CORPORATION NORTH VIETNAM'S
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THE BDM CORPORATION A COMPARATIVE A
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[ - w THE BDM CORPORATiON I A compl
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THE BDM CORPORATION a., NSSt-,-l: D
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i T THE BDMvl CORPORATION Notwithst
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THE BDM CORPORATION unilaterally wi
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THE BDM CORPORATION other and began
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THE BDM CORPORATION The only contin
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THE BDMV CORPORATION IBRM 7-i CFN J
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S~THE BDM CORPORAFION * attacking C
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THE BDM CORPORATION that the US dis
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THE BDM CORPORATION 0 a point calli
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THE BDM CORPORATION I At last, or s
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THE BDM CORPORATION Sremaining The
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THE BDM CORPORATION a "peace with h
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THE BDM CORPORATION >,- it. - 200 w
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-~0r 4J) > 4- e u cS- cd 0 w 0 W fu
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.1 THE BDM CORPORATION 9 As a ventu
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STHE BDM CORPORATIOr" mi;~d the fac
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THE BDM CORPORATION APPENDIX FRENCH
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THE 6DM CORPORATION Event Descripti
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THE BDM CORPORATION Evert Descripti
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THE BDM CORPORAT!ON CHAPTER 7 ENDNO
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THE BDM CORPORATION 29. DoD US-VN R
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THE BDM CORPORA FION 6. Hanoi's Fou
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THE BDM CORPORATION 78. Jonnson, p.
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THE BDM CORPORATION 120. Tad Szulc,
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F THE BDM CORPORATION CHAPTER 8 FOL
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THE BDM CORPORATION PRC, not only p
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V THE BDM CORPORATION a On aircraft
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THE BDM CORPORATION TABLE 8-1. FOLL
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THE BDM CORPORATION miiitary activi
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THE BDM CORPORATION 4)r., 0~ co u I
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I THE EDM CORPORATION chapter and b
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~THE1BDM CORPORATION 4~ C0 -. ~~mw
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THE BDM CORPORATION Reliance on the
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THE BDM CORPORATION Vietnam at a ti
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mr-I i, THE BDM CORPORATION I Failu
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THE BDM CORPORATION Defense of Viet
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ii S~BIBLIOGRAPHY -•I •'4
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THE BDM CORPORATION VOLUME V BIBLIO
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THE BDM CORPORATION VOLUME V BIBLIO
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THE BDM CORPORATION Johnson, Pres.
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THE BDM CORPORATION U.S. Congress.
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THE 8DM CORPORATION VOLUME V BIBLIO
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THE BDM CORPORATION Hughes, Emmet J
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I THE BDM. CORPORATION Thompson, Si
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THE 8DM CORPORATION Komer, Rotert.
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