Beate Dignas & Engelbert Winter - Kaveh Farrokh

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a b c d A 40°N 35°E Caesarea 35°E Amasea PALESTINE B l a c k S e a C A P PA D O C I A Comana Arabissus Antioch Sebaste TAURUS MOUNTAINS 35°N 30°N Mediter r a n e a n Sea Jerusalem S Y R I A B Melitene Chalcis Apamea Epiphania Damascus 40°E C 45°E Kitharizon LAZICA Martyropolis ARZANENE Amida Chlomaron SRHOENE Constantina Dara Edessa BETH ARABAYE Carrhae Nisibis Theodosiopolis (Resaina) Callinicum Sergiopolis Trabzon Satala Theodosiopolis (Erzurum) A R M EN I A Palmyra Circesium Singara SCALE 0 100 CAUCASUS MOUNTAINS Anathon Frontier CARDUCHIA Habur SUANIA Lake Van Dwin HAKKARI MOUNTAINS Lake Urmiah Nineveh Arbela Great Zab Land over 1000 metres B 40°E C 45°E D Tigris Euphrates D a ALBANIA Seleucia Ctesiphon al-Hira 200 300 400 km 0 100 200 miles Map 4: The Roman–Sasanian Frontier in late antiquity Khabour IBERIA PERSARMENIA Lesser Zab Araxes 40°N AZERBAIJAN ZAGROS MOUNTAINS Diyala b 35°N BETH ARAMAYE c 30°N d
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ROME AND PERSIA IN L ATE ANTIQUITY
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Contents List of figures page viii
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Contents vii 8 Emperor and King of
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Maps 1 Asia Minor and the Roman Eas
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xii Preface and Sarah Parker and El
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xiv List of abbreviations ByzF Byza
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xvi List of abbreviations WJA Würz
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2 Introduction ‘Oriental’ appea
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4 Introduction reader may also be r
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6 Introduction More than once the B
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c h a p t e r 1 Rome and Iran to th
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1 To the beginning of the third cen
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2.1 The third century 19 withdraw a
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2.1 The third century 21 Map 2: (co
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2.1 The third century 23 also made
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2.1 The third century 25 deal with
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2.1 The third century 27 288 return
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2.1 The third century 29 in order t
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ARMENIA Citharizon Martyropolis Cep
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2.2 The fourth century 33 that had
Page 104: 2.3 The fifth century 35 confrontat
Page 108: 2.4 The sixth century 37 on his cam
Page 112: 2.4 The sixth century 39 tax system
Page 116: 2.4 The sixth century 41 In 551 a n
Page 120: 2.4 The sixth century 43 asking the
Page 124: 2.5 The seventh century 45 Persian
Page 128: 2.5 The seventh century 47 king esc
Page 132: 2.5 The seventh century 49 Constant
Page 140: c h a p t e r 1 Political goals In
Page 144: 1 Territorial claims - Sasanians vs
Page 148: 2 Succession to Achaemenid rule 57
Page 152: 2 Succession to Achaemenid rule 59
Page 158: 62 1 Political goals Persia consist
Page 162: 64 2 Warfare give way in clashes bu
Page 166: 66 2 Warfare Maurice was indeed the
Page 170: 68 2 Warfare Rock reliefs Other rem
Page 174: c h a p t e r 3 Military confrontat
Page 178: 72 3 Military confrontations 40°N
Page 182: 74 3 Military confrontations many h
Page 186: 76 3 Military confrontations Fig. 5
Page 190: 78 3 Military confrontations Fig. 6
Page 194: 80 3 Military confrontations claim
Page 198: 82 3 Military confrontations empero
Page 202: 84 3 Military confrontations a stan
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86 3 Military confrontations splend
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88 3 Military confrontations Fig. 1
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90 3 Military confrontations Althou
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92 3 Military confrontations the Ro
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94 3 Military confrontations Julian
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96 3 Military confrontations the li
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98 3 Military confrontations centur
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100 3 Military confrontations 3.4 t
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102 3 Military confrontations Figs.
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104 3 Military confrontations Roman
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106 3 Military confrontations Kavā
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108 3 Military confrontations here
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110 3 Military confrontations one m
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112 3 Military confrontations their
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114 3 Military confrontations Fig.
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116 3 Military confrontations ‘
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118 3 Military confrontations campa
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120 4 The diplomatic solutions Sapo
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122 4 The diplomatic solutions homa
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124 4 The diplomatic solutions gene
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126 4 The diplomatic solutions to c
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128 4 The diplomatic solutions Tran
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130 4 The diplomatic solutions Most
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132 4 The diplomatic solutions (12)
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134 4 The diplomatic solutions but
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136 4 The diplomatic solutions that
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138 4 The diplomatic solutions conc
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140 4 The diplomatic solutions else
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142 4 The diplomatic solutions Dār
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144 4 The diplomatic solutions and
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146 4 The diplomatic solutions acqu
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148 4 The diplomatic solutions area
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150 4 The diplomatic solutions Kav
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c h a p t e r 5 Arabia between the
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154 5 Arabia between the great powe
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CYPRUS ISAURIA Seleucia Tarsus Medi
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25 Proxy policy’: Lahmids and Gas
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25 Proxy policy’: Lahmids and Gas
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c h a p t e r 6 Shared interests: C
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40 °E 50 °E Sinope CASPIAN Mtskhe
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26 Armenia 177 him, who once more a
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26 Armenia 179 an embassy, [urging]
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26 Armenia 181 built during late an
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26 Armenia 183 the influential men
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26 Armenia 185 cut off on this side
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26 Armenia 187 Edessa and the surro
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B l a c k S e a Trapezus MOSSYNOECI
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27 Protection of the frontier 191 w
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27 Protection of the frontier 193 t
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28 Economy and trade 195 compensati
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28 Economy and trade 197 for the pa
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ANAREI ( HU-CHIEH) S h a n Aksu (we
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28 Economy and trade 201 raised by
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28 Economy and trade 203 The conseq
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28 Economy and trade 205 do not acc
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28 Economy and trade 207 Byzantium
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28 Economy and trade 209 stimulated
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29 The Sasanian Empire 211 and Hell
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30 Sasanian kings and Zoroastrianis
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30 Sasanian kings and Zoroastrianis
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31 From Diocletian to Constantine 2
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31 From Diocletian to Constantine 2
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32 Persian Christians and Yazdgard
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32 Persian Christians and Yazdgard
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33 The sixth and seventh centuries
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34 Legitimate rule and the ‘famil
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40 °E 50 °E 30 °E B l a c k S e
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35 Diplomacy and espionage 245 ques
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35 Diplomacy and espionage 247 hims
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35 Diplomacy and espionage 249 lead
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35 Diplomacy and espionage 251 II.
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35 Diplomacy and espionage 253 Agat
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36 Enforced resettlement of prisone
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37 Mutual cultural interest 263 com
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37 Mutual cultural interest 265 hid
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ˇSāpūr II 309-379 Appendix 1 267
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Chronological table 269 267 Odaenat
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Chronological table 271 532 ‘Eter
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a p p e n d i x 3 Glossary amicitia
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Glossary 275 trade in the border pr
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Glossary 277 Magians (magoi) Accord
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Glossary 279 Praetorian prefect The
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Glossary 281 Vassal kings In Iran t
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Bibliography 283 (1985) ‘Der Begi
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Bibliography 285 Bier, C. (1993)
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Bibliography 287 (1989) ‘Coping w
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Bibliography 289 (1986a) ‘Argbed
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Bibliography 291 de Jong, A. (1997)
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Bibliography 293 Eadie, J. W. (1967
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Bibliography 295 (1983b) ‘Bahrain
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Bibliography 297 Göbl, R. (1974) D
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Bibliography 299 (2002a) ‘Geist i
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Bibliography 301 Humbach, H. and Sk
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Bibliography 303 Kettenhofen, E. (1
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Bibliography 305 Lerner, J. D. (199
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Bibliography 307 Maricq, A. (1955)
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Bibliography 309 Müller, C. D. G.
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Bibliography 311 Peeters, P. (1924)
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Bibliography 313 Ross, S. K. (2001)
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Bibliography 315 Sellheim, R. (1994
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Bibliography 317 Sprengling, M. (19
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Bibliography 319 (1995) ‘Conséqu
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Bibliography 321 von Wickevoort-Cro
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Bibliography 323 Wiita, J. E. (1977
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Bibliography 325 Zeimal, E. V. (199
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lxxx.3.3: 154 lxxx.3.4: 71 lxxx.4.1
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Nikephoros 22b-23b (pp. 19-20 ed. d
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v.13.7: 229 v.15.9-10: 229 viii.15.
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Index of translated sources 333 Hel
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Ablaas 222 Abdas 223, 224 Abramos 1
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Lahmid(s) 39, 48, 107, 113, 144, 16
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Aborrhas 107 Adiabēnē 15, 86, 261
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Ingilēnē 124, 126, 128, 133 Ionia
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Achaemenid Empire 1, 55, 118 Achaem
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foundations (of cities) 109, 256, 2
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silk worms (breeding of) 207 silk 1
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