Beate Dignas & Engelbert Winter - Kaveh Farrokh

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272 Appendix 2 611 Syrian Antioch is conquered 613 Tarsus and Damascus are conquered 614 Jerusalem falls and the Holy Cross is taken to Ktēsiphōn 615 The Sasanians capture Chalcedon; Roman attempts at reconciliation with the Sasanians fail 619 The Sasanians conquer Egypt 622 Heraclius embarks on a Roman counter offensive 623 The Romans free Asia Minor from Sasanian control 626 The Sasanians and Avars attack Constantinople but fail 627 The Sasanians are defeated at Niniveh 628 Kavādh II ˇ Sērōē and Heraclius conclude peace 628/629 The Sasanians return their conquests in Armenia, Mesopotamia, Syria, Palestine and Egypt to the Romans 630 The Holy Cross is restored to Jerusalem 636 The Arabs defeat the Romans at the Yarmūk river; in the following period the important Roman Eastern provinces are lost 636 The Arabs defeat the Sasanians at Qādīsīya 642 The Arabs defeat the Sasanians at Nihāvand 651 Yazdgard III, the last Sasanian king, is assassinated
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ROME AND PERSIA IN L ATE ANTIQUITY
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Contents List of figures page viii
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Contents vii 8 Emperor and King of
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Maps 1 Asia Minor and the Roman Eas
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xii Preface and Sarah Parker and El
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xiv List of abbreviations ByzF Byza
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xvi List of abbreviations WJA Würz
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2 Introduction ‘Oriental’ appea
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4 Introduction reader may also be r
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6 Introduction More than once the B
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c h a p t e r 1 Rome and Iran to th
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1 To the beginning of the third cen
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2.1 The third century 19 withdraw a
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2.1 The third century 21 Map 2: (co
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2.1 The third century 23 also made
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2.1 The third century 25 deal with
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2.1 The third century 27 288 return
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2.1 The third century 29 in order t
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ARMENIA Citharizon Martyropolis Cep
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2.2 The fourth century 33 that had
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2.3 The fifth century 35 confrontat
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2.4 The sixth century 37 on his cam
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2.4 The sixth century 39 tax system
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2.4 The sixth century 41 In 551 a n
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2.4 The sixth century 43 asking the
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2.5 The seventh century 45 Persian
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2.5 The seventh century 47 king esc
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2.5 The seventh century 49 Constant
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c h a p t e r 1 Political goals In
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1 Territorial claims - Sasanians vs
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2 Succession to Achaemenid rule 57
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2 Succession to Achaemenid rule 59
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a b c d A 40°N 35°E Caesarea 35°
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c h a p t e r 2 Warfare 3: Sasanian
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3 Sasanian armaments and tactics 65
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4 Earliest Roman-Sasanian confronta
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Mtskheta Avaraır Kırkuk Paıkulı
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4 Earliest Roman-Sasanian confronta
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5 ˇ Sāpūr I at war with Rome 77
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6 Galerius defeats Narsē in 298 85
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6 Galerius defeats Narsē in 298 87
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7 Fighting during Constantine’s r
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8 Julian’s Persian War 91 Ammianu
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8 Julian’s Persian War 93 Fig. 12
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9 Arcadius and Yazdgard I 95 empero
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10 Persians and the Hephthalites 97
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11 The Sasanian monarchy 99 and bec
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12 The first Sasanian-Byzantine War
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13 The second Sasanian-Byzantine Wa
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14 The third Sasanian-Byzantine War
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30°N 10°N 14 The third Sasanian-B
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14 The third Sasanian-Byzantine War
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15 The advance of Xusrō II Parvēz
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3.5 The seventh century: Might and
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c h a p t e r 4 Diplomatic solution
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16 The peace treaty of 244 121 Fig.
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17 The peace treaty of 298 123 for
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17 The peace treaty of 298 125 who
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Euphrates Edessa Sophe - ne - Carrh
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17 The peace treaty of 298 129 Rome
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18 The peace treaty of 363 131 18:
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18 The peace treaty of 363 133 On f
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19 The peace treaty of 422 135 19:
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19 The peace treaty of 422 137 sugg
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20 The peace treaty of 562 139 the
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20 The peace treaty of 562 141 trut
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20 The peace treaty of 562 143 doub
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20 The peace treaty of 562 145 caus
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20 The peace treaty of 562 147 defe
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21 The peace treaty of 628 149 ‘T
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21 The peace treaty of 628 151 agre
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22 Hatra 153 and via Singara and Ed
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23 Palmyra 155 Hatraensians, who ha
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a 40°N b CYPRUS Arados 30°N c Gal
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23 Palmyra 159 with Persia before t
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23 Palmyra 161 However, when in 270
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24 The Arab prince Imru ulqais 163
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24 The Arab prince Imru ulqais 165
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168 5 Arabia between the great powe
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174 6 Shared interests: Continuing
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c h a p t e r 7 Religion: Christian
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212 7 Religion: Christianity and Zo
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c h a p t e r 8 Emperor and ‘King
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234 8 Emperor and King of Kings Art
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236 8 Emperor and King of Kings Ira
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238 8 Emperor and King of Kings The
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240 8 Emperor and King of Kings M.
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c h a p t e r 9 Exchange of informa
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244 9 Exchange of information betwe
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Page 566: a p p e n d i x 1 Lists of Sasanian
Page 570: a p p e n d i x 2 Chronological tab
Page 574: 270 Appendix 2 387 (?) A treaty con
Page 580: a p p e n d i x 3 Glossary amicitia
Page 584: Glossary 275 trade in the border pr
Page 588: Glossary 277 Magians (magoi) Accord
Page 592: Glossary 279 Praetorian prefect The
Page 596: Glossary 281 Vassal kings In Iran t
Page 600: Bibliography 283 (1985) ‘Der Begi
Page 604: Bibliography 285 Bier, C. (1993)
Page 608: Bibliography 287 (1989) ‘Coping w
Page 612: Bibliography 289 (1986a) ‘Argbed
Page 616: Bibliography 291 de Jong, A. (1997)
Page 620: Bibliography 293 Eadie, J. W. (1967
Page 624: Bibliography 295 (1983b) ‘Bahrain
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Bibliography 297 Göbl, R. (1974) D
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Bibliography 299 (2002a) ‘Geist i
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Bibliography 301 Humbach, H. and Sk
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Bibliography 303 Kettenhofen, E. (1
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Bibliography 305 Lerner, J. D. (199
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Bibliography 307 Maricq, A. (1955)
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Bibliography 309 Müller, C. D. G.
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Bibliography 311 Peeters, P. (1924)
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Bibliography 313 Ross, S. K. (2001)
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Bibliography 315 Sellheim, R. (1994
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Bibliography 317 Sprengling, M. (19
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Bibliography 319 (1995) ‘Conséqu
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Bibliography 321 von Wickevoort-Cro
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Bibliography 323 Wiita, J. E. (1977
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Bibliography 325 Zeimal, E. V. (199
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lxxx.3.3: 154 lxxx.3.4: 71 lxxx.4.1
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Nikephoros 22b-23b (pp. 19-20 ed. d
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v.13.7: 229 v.15.9-10: 229 viii.15.
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Index of translated sources 333 Hel
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Ablaas 222 Abdas 223, 224 Abramos 1
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Lahmid(s) 39, 48, 107, 113, 144, 16
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Aborrhas 107 Adiabēnē 15, 86, 261
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Ingilēnē 124, 126, 128, 133 Ionia
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Achaemenid Empire 1, 55, 118 Achaem
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foundations (of cities) 109, 256, 2
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silk worms (breeding of) 207 silk 1
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