Beate Dignas & Engelbert Winter - Kaveh Farrokh

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40 °E 50 °E Sinope CASPIAN Mtskheta SEA R. Halys R. Cyrus C O L C H I S B L A C K S E A I A I B E R I A A L B A N Trebizond R. Iris Cabeira CHALYBES MOSKHOI I 40°N L. Sevan Dvin Echmıadzın TAOKHOI SASPERO 40°N Artaxata Mt Ararat R. Araxes A R M E N I A M A J O R ARMENIA MINOR P O N T U S L.Thospitis (L.Van) Van Mush Tıgranocerta Melitene ARZANENE GORDUENE Nimrud ¯ Dagh ¯ C A P P A D O C I A L. Urmıya ¯ M E D I A Amida A T R O P A T E N E COMMAGENE Edessa CILICIA O S R O E N E Gazaca Carrhae Arbela A D I A B E N E Antioch R. Tigris R. Euphrates 0 100 km Hatra 0 100 miles S Y R I A M E S O P O T A M I A Dura Europos Emesa 50 °E Ecbatana P A R T H I A 40 °E Palmyra Map 11: Armenia at the time of the Parthian Empire
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ROME AND PERSIA IN L ATE ANTIQUITY
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Contents List of figures page viii
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Contents vii 8 Emperor and King of
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Maps 1 Asia Minor and the Roman Eas
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xii Preface and Sarah Parker and El
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xiv List of abbreviations ByzF Byza
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xvi List of abbreviations WJA Würz
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2 Introduction ‘Oriental’ appea
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4 Introduction reader may also be r
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6 Introduction More than once the B
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c h a p t e r 1 Rome and Iran to th
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1 To the beginning of the third cen
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2.1 The third century 19 withdraw a
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2.1 The third century 21 Map 2: (co
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2.1 The third century 23 also made
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2.1 The third century 25 deal with
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2.1 The third century 27 288 return
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2.1 The third century 29 in order t
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ARMENIA Citharizon Martyropolis Cep
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2.2 The fourth century 33 that had
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2.3 The fifth century 35 confrontat
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2.4 The sixth century 37 on his cam
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2.4 The sixth century 39 tax system
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2.4 The sixth century 41 In 551 a n
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2.4 The sixth century 43 asking the
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2.5 The seventh century 45 Persian
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2.5 The seventh century 47 king esc
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2.5 The seventh century 49 Constant
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c h a p t e r 1 Political goals In
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1 Territorial claims - Sasanians vs
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2 Succession to Achaemenid rule 57
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2 Succession to Achaemenid rule 59
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a b c d A 40°N 35°E Caesarea 35°
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c h a p t e r 2 Warfare 3: Sasanian
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3 Sasanian armaments and tactics 65
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4 Earliest Roman-Sasanian confronta
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Mtskheta Avaraır Kırkuk Paıkulı
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4 Earliest Roman-Sasanian confronta
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5 ˇ Sāpūr I at war with Rome 77
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6 Galerius defeats Narsē in 298 85
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6 Galerius defeats Narsē in 298 87
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7 Fighting during Constantine’s r
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8 Julian’s Persian War 91 Ammianu
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8 Julian’s Persian War 93 Fig. 12
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9 Arcadius and Yazdgard I 95 empero
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10 Persians and the Hephthalites 97
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11 The Sasanian monarchy 99 and bec
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12 The first Sasanian-Byzantine War
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13 The second Sasanian-Byzantine Wa
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14 The third Sasanian-Byzantine War
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30°N 10°N 14 The third Sasanian-B
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14 The third Sasanian-Byzantine War
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15 The advance of Xusrō II Parvēz
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3.5 The seventh century: Might and
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c h a p t e r 4 Diplomatic solution
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16 The peace treaty of 244 121 Fig.
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17 The peace treaty of 298 123 for
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17 The peace treaty of 298 125 who
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Euphrates Edessa Sophe - ne - Carrh
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17 The peace treaty of 298 129 Rome
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18 The peace treaty of 363 131 18:
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18 The peace treaty of 363 133 On f
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19 The peace treaty of 422 135 19:
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19 The peace treaty of 422 137 sugg
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20 The peace treaty of 562 139 the
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20 The peace treaty of 562 141 trut
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20 The peace treaty of 562 143 doub
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20 The peace treaty of 562 145 caus
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20 The peace treaty of 562 147 defe
Page 332: 21 The peace treaty of 628 149 ‘T
Page 336: 21 The peace treaty of 628 151 agre
Page 340: 22 Hatra 153 and via Singara and Ed
Page 344: 23 Palmyra 155 Hatraensians, who ha
Page 348: a 40°N b CYPRUS Arados 30°N c Gal
Page 352: 23 Palmyra 159 with Persia before t
Page 356: 23 Palmyra 161 However, when in 270
Page 360: 24 The Arab prince Imru ulqais 163
Page 364: 24 The Arab prince Imru ulqais 165
Page 370: 168 5 Arabia between the great powe
Page 382: 174 6 Shared interests: Continuing
Page 388: 26 Armenia 177 him, who once more a
Page 392: 26 Armenia 179 an embassy, [urging]
Page 396: 26 Armenia 181 built during late an
Page 400: 26 Armenia 183 the influential men
Page 404: 26 Armenia 185 cut off on this side
Page 408: 26 Armenia 187 Edessa and the surro
Page 412: B l a c k S e a Trapezus MOSSYNOECI
Page 416: 27 Protection of the frontier 191 w
Page 420: 27 Protection of the frontier 193 t
Page 424: 28 Economy and trade 195 compensati
Page 428: 28 Economy and trade 197 for the pa
Page 432: ANAREI ( HU-CHIEH) S h a n Aksu (we
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28 Economy and trade 201 raised by
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28 Economy and trade 203 The conseq
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28 Economy and trade 205 do not acc
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28 Economy and trade 207 Byzantium
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28 Economy and trade 209 stimulated
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29 The Sasanian Empire 211 and Hell
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30 Sasanian kings and Zoroastrianis
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30 Sasanian kings and Zoroastrianis
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31 From Diocletian to Constantine 2
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31 From Diocletian to Constantine 2
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32 Persian Christians and Yazdgard
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32 Persian Christians and Yazdgard
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33 The sixth and seventh centuries
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34 Legitimate rule and the ‘famil
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40 °E 50 °E 30 °E B l a c k S e
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35 Diplomacy and espionage 245 ques
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35 Diplomacy and espionage 247 hims
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35 Diplomacy and espionage 249 lead
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35 Diplomacy and espionage 251 II.
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35 Diplomacy and espionage 253 Agat
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36 Enforced resettlement of prisone
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37 Mutual cultural interest 263 com
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37 Mutual cultural interest 265 hid
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ˇSāpūr II 309-379 Appendix 1 267
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Chronological table 269 267 Odaenat
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Chronological table 271 532 ‘Eter
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a p p e n d i x 3 Glossary amicitia
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Glossary 275 trade in the border pr
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Glossary 277 Magians (magoi) Accord
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Glossary 279 Praetorian prefect The
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Glossary 281 Vassal kings In Iran t
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Bibliography 283 (1985) ‘Der Begi
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Bibliography 285 Bier, C. (1993)
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Bibliography 287 (1989) ‘Coping w
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Bibliography 289 (1986a) ‘Argbed
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Bibliography 291 de Jong, A. (1997)
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Bibliography 293 Eadie, J. W. (1967
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Bibliography 295 (1983b) ‘Bahrain
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Bibliography 297 Göbl, R. (1974) D
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Bibliography 299 (2002a) ‘Geist i
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Bibliography 301 Humbach, H. and Sk
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Bibliography 303 Kettenhofen, E. (1
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Bibliography 305 Lerner, J. D. (199
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Bibliography 307 Maricq, A. (1955)
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Bibliography 309 Müller, C. D. G.
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Bibliography 311 Peeters, P. (1924)
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Bibliography 313 Ross, S. K. (2001)
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Bibliography 315 Sellheim, R. (1994
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Bibliography 317 Sprengling, M. (19
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Bibliography 319 (1995) ‘Conséqu
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Bibliography 321 von Wickevoort-Cro
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Bibliography 323 Wiita, J. E. (1977
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Bibliography 325 Zeimal, E. V. (199
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lxxx.3.3: 154 lxxx.3.4: 71 lxxx.4.1
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Nikephoros 22b-23b (pp. 19-20 ed. d
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v.13.7: 229 v.15.9-10: 229 viii.15.
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Index of translated sources 333 Hel
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Ablaas 222 Abdas 223, 224 Abramos 1
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Lahmid(s) 39, 48, 107, 113, 144, 16
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Aborrhas 107 Adiabēnē 15, 86, 261
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Ingilēnē 124, 126, 128, 133 Ionia
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Achaemenid Empire 1, 55, 118 Achaem
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foundations (of cities) 109, 256, 2
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silk worms (breeding of) 207 silk 1
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