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other interventions have been exhausted. In Australia, the reduction and potential elimination ofrestraint (and seclusion) practices and adverse events have been identified as a key nationalpriority area for increasing safety and reducing harm in mental health care (National MentalHealth Working Group, 2005). This is in line with the United Nations (1991) Principles on theProtection of People with Mental Illness, which specifies that physical restraint and seclusiononly be used in extreme cases. In Australia, the use of seclusion in acute psychiatric units hasdecreased, influenced by national initiatives to reduce their practice. Despite calls fromgovernments and consumer organisations to eliminate or reduce restraint and seclusion, usagehas increased in settings such as Emergency Departments, ambulances and general hospitalwards. This paper will report on data collected in South Australia about the use of restraint andseclusion in a range of hospital settings (Emergency Departments, ambulances, acute psychiatricaged care settings and acute psychiatric wards) and the context in which they occur. Legal,ethical and clinical perspectives will be examined to explore why, in a climate of “leastrestrictive treatment” environment and consumer focussed philosophies, the use of containmentpractices is increasing, particularly in settings where such practices only recently came intoexistence.New to Forensic Education ProgrammeHelen Walker, The Forensic Network, Carstairs, Scotland (helen.walker6@nhs.net)The New to Forensic educational programme has been developed for use across all forensicservices in Scotland. It has been designed to meet the needs of all staff who are both new to andalready working within forensic mental health services. Its objectives are targeted to both clinicaland non-clinical staff. The programme follows the patient's journey through the mental healthand criminal justice systems. It covers mental disorder, legislation, psychiatric defences,assessment and treatment, risk of harm to others, services, attitudes and boundaries,multidisciplinary working, users and carers, community, learning disability, and prison services.It is self-directed and practice based, and uses a problem-based approach. Over a 3 year period,trainers and mentors have been trained to deliver the programme by members of the School ofForensic Mental Health and all services have adopted the programme as a core educationalinitiative. Findings from the programme evaluation indicate a significant improvement inlearning following engagement in the initiative.81. Innovative Services at the Front End of the Juvenile JusticeSystemRestorative Justice ServicesGordon Bazemore, Florida Atlantic University (bazemor@fau.edu)196